赵官井田10煤层底板突水危险性评价

从地质构造、含水层、隔水层、开采条件等方面详细分析了赵官井田10煤层底板突水的影响因素,确定了断层强度指数、褶皱分维值、\     

万福井田水文地质特征及矿井涌水量预测

在分析井田水文地质特征的基础上,对矿井的充水因素进行了论述,认为山西组砂岩、太原组第三层灰岩属煤层开采的直接充水含水层,对煤层开采有直接影响。采用了地下水动力学中的"大井法"对矿井的涌水量进行了预测,得到正常涌水量为286 m3/h,最大涌水量为405 m3/h的结果,为万福井田及其它煤矿的安全生产提供了重要的依据和借鉴的价值。     

罗园井田水文地质特征及矿井涌水量预测

罗园井田地处淮南煤田中段南缘,阜风逆冲推覆构造部位,井田内含水层（组）由新生界松散砂层孔隙水、二叠系砂岩裂隙水、石炭系太原组石灰岩岩溶裂隙水、奥陶系岩溶裂隙水和寒武系岩溶裂隙水五个含水岩组组成,水文地质条件简单～中等。在分析井田充水因素的基础上,指出灰岩与煤岩层对口部位是突水发生的主要地段。采用生产矿井比拟法,预算开采4-1～13-1煤层时,正常涌水量为316m^3／h,最大涌水量755m^3／h;利用地下水动力学法预算矿井正常涌水量为328m^3／h,太原组岩溶水突水量为798m^3／h。根据本井田煤层陡倾斜及含水层间强水力联系的特点,说明矿井防治水工作难度较大,在今后的矿井设计和生产过程中应有针对性地采取综合水害防治措施。     

新店东井田水文地质分析及涌水量预测

新店东井田构造复杂、断层多且落差大,破坏了其原有的水文单元,使得大气降水、地表水、地下水联系的更加紧密。根据地质资料分析,本区先期地段内主要断层均切割至二叠系茅口组,缩短了煤层与二叠系茅口组的间距,使得更易发生茅口组突水。     

底板突水预测与评价的专家系统方法研究

突水预报是一个涉及到水文地质、工程地质、开采条件、岩石力学等诸多因素的复杂问题,借助于防治水领域知名专家的实践经验和防治水知识,运用合理的推理方法,考虑影响底板突水的多方面因素,建立一种底板突水预测与评价的专家系统方法,一方面可以总结、运用和推广现场实践经验,另一方面,采用规则的形式来表示预测专家的判断性知识,运用可信度值来反映专家经验的不确定性,又能提高预测预报的成功率与准确性,为受底板水威胁矿区的安全生产提供保证.     

利用神经网络预测煤层底板突水

本文利用神经网络对已知样本进行学习。旨在预测煤层底板突水，取得了较好效果，为煤层底板突水预测提供了一条新途径。     

青龙寺井田水文地质特征分析

青龙寺井田位于陕北侏罗纪煤田神府矿区新民开采区中部,地质构造简单,主要可采煤层为延安组3^-1和5^-2煤层。井田主要含水层为第四系冲积层孔隙潜水、侏罗系延安组裂隙承压水和烧变岩空洞裂隙潜水。含水层主要接受大气降雨的入渗补给,补给量较小,因而富水性较弱。分析认为：未来矿井开采时的主要充水通道为煤层采空区顶板冒落形成的导水裂隙带,充水强度与大气降雨关系密切,在暴雨或持续降雨、渗透条件较好时,充水量大,其余时段和层段的充水量较小;开采5^-2煤层时对顶板砂岩水应以疏放为主。     

岩溶煤矿矿井煤层底板突水非线性预测方法研究

本文煤层底板突水系统为一非线性系统的特性,提出采用对非线性问题具有良好适用性的人工神经网络方法进行煤层底板突水预测。文中系统地阐述了人工神经网络预测的原理、建模方法、适用条件和应用问题,并在肥城矿务局对所建立的煤层底板突水预测人工神经网络系统进行生产性检验,取得良好的效果,说明人工神经网络方法应用于煤层底板突水预测的可靠性。     

华北下组煤底板突水及涌水量预测方法浅析

华北地区下组煤资源丰富,却深受奥灰水困扰,有必要进行煤层底板突水评价及矿井涌水量预测。文章首先简要介绍了常见的底板突水评价及矿井涌水量预测方法,指出了各自的优缺点及适用条件。之后以显德汪矿9#煤层为例开展案例研究,研究结果表明：矿区中南部可划为底板突水危险区;若将突水危险区-200m水平奥灰水压降至安全水压,预测涌水量为2 000m3/h;目前实际开采9#煤突水过渡区,在使用必要的注浆措施后,发现回采是安全可行的。本研究在提升煤炭资源保障能力、延长矿山开采年限和加强煤炭安全生产方面具有理论与实践意义。     

Research Status and Development Trends of Mine Floor Water Inrush Grade Prediction

According to the characteristics of mine floor water inrush, its influence factors can be summarized as the geological structure and mining pressure, the aquifer water properties, and the water resistance ability of floor strata; the mechanism of each influence factor is described herein. The research history and status of mine floor water inrush are introduced, and the commonly used prediction methods of mine floor water inrush grade are summarized and categorized as empirical formula methods and GIS technology, mathematical analysis methods, nonlinear mathematical analysis methods and simulation experiment methods; a detailed analysis of each method is presented. With the development of big data, cloud computing and nonlinear algorithm research, the existing deficiencies of floor water inrush prediction methods will likely be addressed by the future research and development trends of mine floor water inrush grade prediction.     

基于BP神经网络方法的矿井涌水量预测

鉴于矿井涌水威胁煤矿安全生产及其影响因素的复杂性,提出基于BP神经网络的矿井涌水量预测方法.在充分分析新安煤矿＋25m开采水平的涌水影响因素的基础上,选取大气降水、采空区面积和底板构造断裂和采动裂隙三个影响因子,建立了非线性人工神经网络预测模型,对＋25m开采水平的正常涌水量进行了预计.其结果和实际观测数据能够较好地相吻合,表明采用人工神经网络预计矿井涌水量是可行的.     

矿井涌水量预测的比拟法计算公式待定系数讨论

以典型矿山多年实际的开采及排水序列资料为基础、相关学科理论为指导,通过对开采及排水资料的"二次开发",探讨了不同水文地质类型矿床的矿井涌水量预测比拟法计算公式中待定系数的特点,以及随开采面积(F)和开采疏干降深(S)的变化趋势和规律。研究结果表明:参数"m"、"n"是随开采疏干降深(S)和开采面积(F)增加而加大的变量;不同类型矿床中参数n值均大于m值;岩溶水充水矿床中参数"m"、"n"相对稳定,而基岩裂隙水充水矿床具有明显的分段性特征。指出了单纯"面积比拟法"、"降深比拟法"对矿井涌水量预测的不合理性,以及在参数"m"、"n"取值中加强水文地质勘查资料综合研究的重要性。     

Prediction of Floor Water Inrush: The Application of GIS-Based AHP Vulnerable Index Method to Donghuantuo Coal Mine,China

Floor water inrush represents a geohazard that can pose significant threat to safe operations for instance in coal mines in China and elsewhere. Its occurrence is controlled by many factors, and the processes are often not amenable to mathematical expressions. To evaluate the water inrush risk, the paper proposes the vulnerability index approach by coupling the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information system (GIS). The detailed procedures of using this innovative approach are shown in a case study in China (Donghuantuo Coal Mine). The powerful spatial data analysis functions of GIS was used to establish the thematic layer of each of the six factors that control the water inrush, and the contribution weights of each factor was determined with the AHP method. The established AHP evaluation model was used to determine the threshold value for each risk level with a histogram of the water inrush vulnerability index. As a result, the mine area was divided into five regions with different vulnerability levels which served as general guidelines for the mine operations. The prediction results were further corroborated with the actual mining data, and the evaluation result is satisfactory.     

矿井涌水量混沌特征与预测

由于受到水文地质、矿井开采等因素的影响, 矿井地下水系统的演化不仅具有确定性也具有随机性, 采用单一的确定性方法或随机性方法都难以揭示矿井地下水系统演化的两面性.混沌理论将确定性分析方法和随机性分析方法两者实现了统一.矿井涌水量时间序列是地下水系统中各要素相互作用的结果, 它包含着该动力系统的信息.基于刘桥二矿水文地质背景分析, 采用混沌时间序列分析方法对该矿的矿井涌水量时间序列进行建模、分析, 得出了其Lyapunov指数为0.1427, 表明刘桥二矿涌水量具有混沌特征.利用建立的模型, 选择2004年4月至2005年2月间的矿井涌水量时间序列进行验证, 结果表明, 利用混沌时间序列分析方法预测矿井涌水量是可行的且具有较高的精度.      

Numerical Simulation of the Lagging Water Inrush Process from Insidious Fault in Coal Seam Floor

Because of insidious fault’s concealing performance and lagging nature, water inrush from insidious faults in coal seam floor can cause great threads to the mine safety. Based on analyzing the engineering geology conceptual model, this paper simulated the insidious fault lagging water inrush process and showed the lift height of the confined water in the insidious fault fractured zone (LHCWIFFZ) and the formation of water inrush channel. Then the concept of the potential water inrush channel with time effect was put forward. In order to further illustrate the time effect of the lagging water inrush from insidious fault, theoretical analysis was made from two aspects of the time effect of the plastic zone development height in the insidious fault fractured zone (PZDHIFFZ) based on the differential flow deformation theory and the time effect of water inrush channel in the upper part of the insidious fault (WICUPIF) based on the subcritical crack propagation theory. Simulation results showed that the results are basically consistent with mining practice.     

矿压及水压对煤层底板突水的影响

在煤层底板突水发生过程中,矿山压力和底板承压水起着重要的作用。煤炭采出后,围岩失去原有的平衡,除顶板岩层产生破坏及移动外,底板岩层也相应遭到一定程度的破坏和影响,在一定的条件下,发生底板突水事故。     

府谷矿区矿井涌水实例及突水因素分析

在分析矿区地质及水文地质条件的基础上,以冯家塔煤矿1201工作面为例,论述了府谷矿区矿井突水因素,认为大气降水、岩溶水和地表水是矿井充水的主要水源,断层、采煤形成的裂隙带是矿井充水的通道,小煤矿采空区是未来煤矿安全生产的重大隐患。运用突水系数和水文地质实验法,对矿区的突水危险区域进行了评价,指出井田西北部突水系数大于0.6,可能存在突水危险;清水川地堑断裂带内富水性及导水性弱,对煤层开采不会造成威胁。最后提出了加强矿井水文地质勘查、做好矿井涌水量观测等矿井防治水建议。     

华北型煤田矿井岩溶水涌(突)出机理与涌(突)水量预测方法探讨

北方岩溶水系统的形成与相关河流的发育贯通相辅相成。不同的岩溶水系统模式表现出不同的地下水动力学特征,岩溶水径流带控制的岩溶水网络系统是北方岩溶水系统的基本特征。天然状态下,华北型煤田煤层顶板砂岩地下水系统与底板岩溶地下水系统有水力联系的区域,是矿井岩溶水涌(突)出的危险区。煤矿采掘工程打破了煤层顶、底板地下水系统水压力平衡,在压差作用下,承压岩溶水的"压裂"作用对构造煤系发育层段的疏通有着重要作用。承压岩溶水的释放或涌(突)出,是岩溶承压含水层弹性贮存量的释放,岩溶水运动属非稳定流。将断层等线形过水断面概化成环状井(孔)过水断面,则可用定降深非稳定流承压井流方程,预测可能的岩溶水涌(突)水流量及其变化规律。对流量函数Q(t)定积分,则可预测任意延续时间段的涌(突)水量。基于承压岩溶水弹性释放的非稳定流矿井岩溶水涌(突)水量预测方法,突破了岩溶水涌(突)水量无法预测的禁锢,对提升矿井岩溶水防治水平,解放华北型煤田下组煤有积极、重要意义。     

Application on Floor Water Inrush Evaluation Based on AHP Variation Coefficient Method with GIS

The prediction and prevention of floor water inrush is directly related to the safety of the coal mine production. The previous evaluation method of floor water inrush was more one-sided and lacked main control factors related to mining conditions. In order to evaluate the floor water inrush more accurately, under the project background of geological data of Wanglou coal mine, stope width, mining depth, fault scale index, water pressure, water abundance and thickness of aquifer were selected as main controlling factors of floor water inrush. Combined with the subjective weight analytical hierarchy process and the objective weight variation coefficient method, the weight coefficients corresponding to the main controlling factors were obtained respectively. The thematic map of the risk assessment of coal seam floor water inrush was drawn by combining the constructed comprehensive weight vulnerability index model and geographic information system. The results show that: ① according to the actual geological data of mine, two fault related factors were removed. And stope width and mining depth were increased as the main controlling factors to evaluate floor water inrush. It is easier to compare and calculate the weight of evaluation factors. ② The constructed comprehensive weight vulnerability index model can comprehensively evaluate the risk of floor water inrush. And the results of the evaluation are more accurate. ③ The related thematic maps can directly reflect the risk of floor water inrush, which is of guiding significance for the prediction and prevention of coal seam floor water inrush.