Geogenic versus anthropogenic geochemical influence on trace elements contents in soils from the Milazzo Peninsula

Milazzo Peninsula soils and substrates are extremely variable, composed of acidic, mafic and ultramafic metamorphic rocks, carbonatic sedimentary rocks, and sometimes volcanic rocks, thus contributing to a mixed influence on their chemical composition. Moreover, the region is highly polluted due to atmospheric releases from anthropogenic activities, such as refinery industry. In addition, emissions of airborne particles from volcanic eruptions are also likely to fall to the ground and provide trace elements to the soils. The purpose of this study is to distinguish between anthropogenic and geogenic sources contributing to the concentrations of metals in soils by studying their distribution in major and trace elements in relation to substrates. As regards geogenic sources, the major elements composition of soils comes firstly from metamorphic rocks, secondly from carbonates, and to a minor extent from volcanic rocks. Enrichment factors calculations relative to substrate rocks, and using Th as reference element, show that the soils are enriched in As, Pb, Zn, and Ni. Rare earth elements (REEs) patterns normalized to substrate rocks exhibit enrichment in light REEs and a positive anomaly in Gd, indicating anthropogenic contributions in the soil composition. REE ratios and trace elements were plotted to investigate the relationships between anthropogenic sources and substrates in soils compositions. The graphs of La/Ni vs La/Gd and La/Ce vs La/Nd show that soils plot on a line toward substrate rocks on one side, and toward an end member which is represented by a spent catalyst and atmospheric particles emitted by refinery activities. Plots of La vs Cr, and V vs La show similar trends, whereas plots of Zn vs Ni and Pb vs V suggest that another end member, which is unidentified, contributes to soil enrichment in Zn and Pb. A binary mixing model applied to the most Zn enriched soil suggests that anthropogenic inputs from refinery emissions may have contributed to 16% of the anomalies in La/Gd. These results suggest that the trace element composition of Milazzo's peninsula soils partly bears the signature of atmospheric emissions of the refinery.     

内蒙古格勒敖包奥陶纪岩体锆石U-Pb年龄及地球化学特征

内蒙古格勒敖包位于兴蒙造山带内,对该区奥陶纪岩浆岩的研究,有助于进一步认识该造山带早古生代的构造格局及其演化。正长花岗岩和斑状二长花岗岩样品LA-ICP-MS锆石年龄为441.6±3.7～454.9±4.6Ma,形成时代为奥陶纪。经地球化学分析,岩体为高钾钙碱性系列;铝饱和指数显示其为过铝质花岗岩。岩石富集大离子亲石元素(LILEs)Rb、Th、U、K,亏损Ba、Sr;富集高场强元素(HFSEs)La、Ce、Nd、Zr,亏损Nb、P、Ti;稀土元素总量为38.7×10~(-6)～120.23×10~(-6),轻稀土元素较重稀土元素分异明显,分馏程度较高,表现出较弱的负Eu异常。综合区域地质资料,认为格勒敖包奥陶纪岩浆源区为上地壳物质的部分熔融,其形成环境为弧后盆地,在古亚洲洋向北俯冲之后经历了岛弧岩浆作用旋回,为弧后伸张阶段的产物。     

Determination of rare-earth elements in USGS standard rocks by mixed-solvent ion exchange and mass-spectrometric isotope dilution

The development is described of a mixed-solvent ion-exchange technique for separating trace amounts of rare-earth elements from silicate rocks and minerals. A two-column method is used, bulk separation of rare earths from other elements being accomplished on the first, and separation into three groups for mass-spectrometric analysis on the second. This has been applied to the determination of nine REE (La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Er and Yb) in standard rock samples. Smooth variation of the chondrite-normalized abundance distributions and comparison with other published results indicate that the accuracy of the method, with the exception of La, is generally ± 2%.     

Temporal changes in trace elements in brown soil and soybean after long-term fertilization

In agricultural production, specific elements in soil and plants are very important for the soil quality and plant productivity. Trace elements and rare earth elements enter in agri-environment by the application of fertilizers and, through anthropogenic activities, pose important health impacts even at low concentration due to non-biodegradable nature with long half-life. The micro nutrients are essential for human body in a quantity most of less than 100 mg/day. The nutritional element uptake by plants is regulated by availability of the required elements and element accumulation ability of the plants. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the accumulation of trace and rare earth elements after long-term application of different fertilizers in soil and soybean uptake. The inorganic fertilizers (NKP) and pig manure were applied to maize-maize-soybean rotation in Alfisols (brown) soil since 1979. Atomic emission spectrometry along with inductively coupled plasma technique was applied to determine trace and rare earth elements. The accumulation pattern of trace elements (TEs) observed in soil was Ni > Co > Se > Mo and rare earth elements (REEs) was found as La > Nd > Tb > Y > Pr > Gd > Er > Yb > Lu. In soybean stem, the TE and REE concentrations were Se > Ni > Co > Mo and Pr > Gd > Er > Yb > Tb > Nd > Lu > La > Y, respectively. Elemental concentrations in the seed samples were Ni > Se > Mo > Co and Pr > Gd > Er > Yb > Tb > Nd > Lu > Y > La. The seed of soybean accumulated Co, Mo, Ni, Gd, Pr, Er, Lu, and Tb more than the stem. Higher concentrations of Se, Nd, Y, and Yb were found in soil. These elements were higher in soybean stem followed by the seed. However, these elements are within safe toxic level and light pollution level.     

Trace element distribution in the soils above deeply weathered pegmatites, Virginia, U.S.A.: implications for exploration

Chemical partitioning data are of fundamental interest to exploration geochemists. This paper is one of the few studies which has investigated the relative proportions of the rare elements in various soil extracts. The dispersion of trace elements from weathering pegmatites in Powhatan Country, Virginia, was found to be restricted to the immediate vicinity of the pegmatites. A sequential extraction procedure was used to measure the distribution of Be, La, Nb, Sn, U, Li, and Ni,among the following fractions of the B soil horizons: exchangeable, Fe and Mn oxyhydroxide, residual, and aqua regia digestion. The elements Sn, Be, Li, and U were found to be associated with soils over the complex Herbb No. 2 pegmatite, whereas La and Ni were generally associated with the background soils.A geochemical exploration model was developed using stepwise discriminant function analysis to determine the combination of elements and soil extracts that best differentiates between complex pegmatitic, simple pegmatitic, and background soils. Log-transformed aqua regia extract concentrations of Sn, La, U, and Li were the most effective variables when used to separate complex pegmatitic from simple pegmatitic soils.     

Soil and plant composition in the Noun river catchment basin,Western Cameroon: a contribution to the development of a biogeochemical baseline

Soils and selected edible plants of the Noun river catchment basin of western Cameroon were sampled to investigate the distribution of trace elements, based on the preliminary idea of unusual anomalies. Analytical techniques for trace elements included ICP-AES, GF-AAS, and ICP-MS. Further soil analyses comprised the mineralogy and contents of the biogenic elements carbon, nitrogen and sulphur (CNS). The trace element concentrations in the soils reflect those of the lithogeochemical background of the pluto-volcanic rocks of the region. This is consistent with the results from the mineralogical analyses and physicochemical parameters such as pH, taken in the field, which also do not suggest any geochemical anomaly. Most trace elements analyzed in the plants showed concentrations that reflect those of the soils (Al, Fe, Ti, and Rb). However, some trace elements were enriched in the plants as compared to the soils, such as Zn, Cu, Cd, Mo (excluding yam), Ni (peanut), Ba (peanut), Sr (peanut, bean), and B. Trace elements such as As, Cr, V, and Se were not bioavailable for all the analyzed plants. Besides, trace elements such as Cu, Zn, Mo, Fe, Al, Ni, B, Ti, Rb, Cs, and Ba were in the range of phytotoxicity and reached or exceeded human food tolerance level (Cu). The plants with seeds showed a higher absorption of trace elements compared to plants with tubercles.     

西昌普诗地区中—下白垩统小坝组岩石–紫色土剖面稀土元素地球化学特征分析

探究山地–丘陵区稀土元素地球化学特征,对了解区域生态地质环境具有十分重要的意义。本文在大凉山区生态地质调查的基础上,选取西昌市普诗地区中–下白垩统小坝组4个典型土壤垂向剖面进行系统采样分析,揭示了西昌普诗地区岩石–土壤剖面中14种稀土元素（La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu）的地球化学分布、迁移及富集特征。结果表明：相似的环境下不同类型成土母岩形成的同类土壤中稀土元素含量有所不同,泥岩–紫色土剖面（PM0909）、砂岩–紫色土剖面（PM03-3）、粉砂质泥岩–紫色土剖面（PM04-4）、泥质粉砂岩–紫色土剖面（PM0924）等代表性剖面土壤中,稀土元素含量依次为126.870 mg/kg、116.472 mg/kg、163.926 mg/kg、175.231 mg/kg,各个剖面稀土元素含量差异与成土母岩的岩性和粘土矿物含量关系密切,黏土矿物对稀土元素具有一定的吸附作用;研究区4个剖面呈现明显的“V”字形右倾模式,负Eu异常明显,重稀土部分较为平坦,属于轻稀土富集型,这与成土过程中稀土元素（REEs）淋溶及其成土母岩化学性质差异有关;不同成土母岩形成的剖面迁移系数存在一定的差异,迁移系数高值主要分布在各个剖面的淀积层（B层）底部及母质层（C层）,这是由于REEs受到淋溶、淀积作用和黏土矿物吸附、解吸作用的共同结果。本次研究结果可以为大凉山区大尺度的生态地质研究提供一定的理论支持和科学依据。

     

西藏多不杂矿集区斑岩铜矿地球化学指标研究

多不杂矿集区位于西藏改则县北部,是近些年发现的超大型斑岩型铜矿床,在以多不杂为中心,东西长约30km,南北宽约10km的范围内,包括多不杂、波龙、色那、拿顿、拿若、尕尔勤和铁格龙7个矿区。本文在前人工作的基础上,通过对矿集区钻孔岩芯样品地球化学数据进行旋转正交因子处理和成矿元素Cu与稀土元素La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu、Y、微量元素U、Th的相关性分析,发现轻重稀土元素均在Cu矿(化)体部位相对富集。另外微量元素U、Th(尤其是Th),与金属元素Cu含量随深度的变化也存在一定的对应关系,在Cu矿化部位相对富集。研究表明稀土元素La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu、Y与微量元素U、Th可能是一种潜在有效的矿产勘查地球化学指标。     

Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of Miocene pelitic sedimentary rocks from the south-western part of the Pannonian Basin System (Croatia): Implications for provenance studies

Fifty-two samples of Miocene pelitic sedimentary rock from outcrops on Medvednica,Moslavacka Gora and Psunj Mts.,and boreholes in the Sava Depression and the Pozega Sub-depression were investigated.These sediments formed in different marine(with normal and reduced salinity),brackish,and freshwater environments,depending on the development stage of the Pannonian Basin System.Carbonate minerals,clay minerals and quartz are the main constituents of all pelitic sedimentary rocks,except in those from Moslavacka Gora Mt in which carbonate minerals are not present.Feldspars,pyrite,opal-CT,and hematite are present as minor constituents in some rocks.Besides calcite,dependent on the sedimentary environment and diagenetic changes,high-magnesium calcite,aragonite,dolomite and ankerite/Cadolomite are also present.Smectite or illite-smectite is the main clay minerals in the samples.Minor constituents,present in almost all samples,are detrital illite and kaolinite.In some samples chlorite is also present in a low amount.Major elements,trace elements and rare earth elements patterns used in provenance analysis show that all analysed samples have a composition similar to the values of the upper continental crust(UCC).The contents of major and trace elements as well as SiO_2/Al_2O_3,K_2O/Al_2O_3,Na_2O/K_2O,Eu/Eu~*,La/Sc,Th/Sc,La/Co Th/Co,Th/Cr,Ce/Ce~* and LREE/HREE ratios,show that the analysed pelitic sedimentary rocks were formed by weathering of different types of mostly acidic(silicic),i.e.felsic rocks.     

Geochemical signature of provenance in sand-size material in soils and stream sediments near the Tobacco Root batholith, Montana, U.S.A.

Trace-element geochemistry of sandstones are being used to determine provenance. We have conducted preliminary and limited experiments to determine to what extent daughter sands retain the geochemical signature of parent rocks. Six sets of first-order stream sediments, soils from adjacent slopes, and a variety of parent rocks were collected from southwestern Montana, U.S.A. Sampling in a low-relief area ensured that climate and residence time of soils on slopes could be eliminated as variables. Sand-size fractions of stream sediments and soils, and the corresponding parent rocks (granodiorite, quartz monzonite, granite gneiss, biotite-tonalite gneiss and amphibolite) were analyzed for most major elements and selected trace elements. Petrologic modal analysis of the parent rocks and the 0.25–0.50-mm fraction of each sand was done to monitor major mineralogic control, if any, on chemical compositions of the samples.

Our data show that the abundances of the Si and Al in sediments do not discriminate provenance. Abundances of Ca, Mg, Fe and Ti may broadly distinguish between sands derived from metamorphic and igneous source rocks, at least in the area studied. Differences in abundances of the Ba and Th, and the ratio of La/Lu between granitic, tonalitic and amphibolitic parent rocks are preserved in the daughter sediments that we studied. However, the size of the Eu anomaly in the REE patterns of different daughter sediments is not diagnostic of parent rocks. Abundances of Co and Sc distinguish between sediments derived from felsic and mafic rocks. A better provenance discrimination is obtained if the ratios La/Sc, Th/Sc, La/Co, Ba/Sc and Ba/Co are used.

Petrologic modal data show that mineral contents and chemical compositions of parent rocks are compatible with each other. The chemical composition of the sands may be roughly correlated to the petrological modal data but the abundances of some minor and trace elements of sediments cannot be inferred from modal mineralogy. This is expected because these elements may concentrate in accessory minerals and/or may weather out into aqueous or clay mineral fractions; it is also compatible with conclusions of previous studies that some of these elements do not reside in sand-size fractions of siliciclastic sediments.     

Leaching rare-earth and radioactive elements from alkaline rocks of the Lovozero Massif,Kola Peninsula

The paper presents data on the leaching efficiency of rare-earth (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu) and radioactive (Th and U) elements by various reagents from alkaline rocks of the Lovozero Massif. Element concentrations were analyzed by ICP-MS and instrumental neutral activation (INAA). A new complex technique is suggested for analyzing elements on the solid phase of polymer hydrogels. This technique makes it possible to enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of INAA when these elements are simultaneously contained in rocks. Data are presented on the selective leaching of trace elements and the application of environmentally safe reagents.     

云南思茅盆地江城上白垩统勐野井组稀土微量元素特征及地质意义

沉积盆地中碎屑岩的地球化学成分主要受物源区控制,因此,通过分析碎屑岩的化学成分可以揭示盆地沉积岩的源区构造背景和物源属性。思茅盆地上白垩统勐野井组（K2me）细碎屑岩的稀土元素组成分析结果表明,研究区沉积物具有轻稀土元素富集,较平坦的重稀土元素分布模式,以及中等程度 Eu 负异常的总体特征。根据样品的（Hf-La/Th、La/Sc-Co/Th和REE-La/Yb）图解,特征性微量元素比值（La/Sc、Sc/Th、Cr/Th 和 Co/Th）,并结合岩矿薄片分析,认为勐野井组细碎屑岩具有典型的上陆壳特征,源区母岩以长英质岩石为主。微量元素 Cr/Co 结合岩相古地理的分析显示勐野井组细碎屑沉积物应属于近源沉积。通过与不同构造背景下杂砂岩的稀土元素特征对比及主元素（K2O/Na2O-SiO2/Al2O3和SiO2-K2O/Na2O）判别图解,勐野井组细碎屑岩源区构造背景应属被动大陆边缘环境,这与思茅盆地所处的三江造山带构造背景相符。     

Trace element geochemistry of the Mt Vulture carbonatites,southern Italy

The Mt Vulture carbonatites are the only carbonatite occurrence in the southern Apennines. We present new trace element data for these rocks in order to evaluate the factors influencing rare earth element (REE) and other trace element fractionations and their REE grade. This study focuses on massive hyalo-alvikites from two lava flows and one dike, which have different relative abundances of silicate and carbonate (i.e. Si/Ca). These differences are also evident from CaO/(CaO + MgO + FeO(T) + MnO) and Sr/Ba ratios. The REE grade of the Mt Vulture carbonatites is very similar to that of the global average for calcio-carbonatites. R-mode factor analysis shows that most of the trace element variance reflects the relative roles of carbonate and silicate minerals in influencing trace element distributions. Silicates largely control heavy rare earth element (HREE), transition metal, Zr, and Th abundances, whereas carbonate minerals control light rare earth element (LREE), Ba, and Pb abundances. In addition, apatite influences LREE concentrations. Increasing silica contents are accompanied by decreases in (La/Yb)N and (La/Sm)N ratios and less marked LREE enrichment. In contrast, higher carbonate contents are associated with increases in (La/Yb)N and (La/Sm)N. The Si/Ca ratio has little influence on Eu anomalies and middle rare earth element (MREE) to HREE fractionations. Apatite has a negligible effect on inter-REE fractionations amongst the carbonatites.     

川西甲基卡锂资源富集区根系土壤重金属含量水平及时空分布特征

锂能源金属的战略地位不断提高,与锂矿床及锂金属相关的研究也在不断跟进,锂矿区土壤重金属污染近年来持续受到关注,其含量分布情况值得深入研究。本文对亚洲最大的锂矿区——川西甲基卡根系土壤环境进行重金属含量监测,调查和评价锂矿区土壤重金属含量水平及其安全性。2016—2018年于川西甲基卡锂资源富集区采集根系土壤样品68件,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定根系土壤Cd、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn含量。测试结果表明,甲基卡矿区根系土壤Cd、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn含量平均值分别为0.13、15.31、25.47、60.57、16.12、23.59、66.83mg/kg,与2018年8月最新颁布的农用地土壤标准对比,无一超标,均低于风险筛选值及管制值。常见矿床的尾矿库区土壤一般存在严重的重金属污染,而甲基卡尾矿库土壤重金属含量均低于环境标准限值,且矿业活动停止的三年期间尾矿库区根系土壤中Cd、As、Cr含量明显呈逐年下降趋势。本研究认为,选矿厂房及尾矿库周边根系土壤重金属由于人为源的存在有一定的富集现象,但不构成危害,废弃物对环境污染小。     

新疆库-拜煤田侏罗系塔里奇克组煤的地球化学特征

以新疆库拜煤田塔里奇克组煤层为研究对象,对其煤化学及地球化学特征进行分析。认为研究区煤层属低水分、低灰分、特低硫分、高挥发分的长焰煤-气肥煤;煤中的常量元素Al、Ca、Fe、Mg和K平均含量低于中国煤常量元素的平均含量,并有较大的变化范围,仅Na平均含量高于中国煤的平均含量;煤中的微量元素Cu和Co含量高于中国煤的平均含量,Ni和Zn含量接近中国煤的平均含量．其它微量元素含量均明显低于中国煤的平均含量。阐明了Al、Li、Cr、Ti、Zr、Ga、Nb以及轻稀土元素（La、Ce和Nd）具有较强的亲无机性,在煤中主要以无机态存在;Li、Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Ga、Rb、Zr、Nb及重稀土元素中的La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Gd元素主要与硅铝酸盐矿物及微量的重矿物组合有较好的亲和性：As、Sr元素主要以碳酸盐矿物的形式存在。     

Trace elements and REE fractionation in subsoils developed on sedimentary and volcanic rocks: case study of the Mt. Vulture area,southern Italy

There is an increasing interest in the distribution of rare earth elements (REEs) within soils, primarily as these elements can be used to identify pedogenetic processes and because soils may be future sources for REE extraction, despite much attention should be paid to the protection and preservation of present soils. Here, we evaluate the processes that control the distribution of REEs in subsoil horizons developed over differing lithologies in an area of low anthropogenic contamination, allowing estimates of the importance of source rocks and weathering. Specifically, this study presents new data on the distribution of REEs and other trace elements, including transition and high-field-strength elements, in subsoils developed on both Quaternary silica-undersaturated volcanic rocks and Pliocene siliciclastic sedimentary rocks within the Mt. Vulture area of the southern Apennines in Italy. The subsoils in the Mt. Vulture area formed during moderate weathering (as classified using the chemical index of alteration) and contain an assemblage of secondary minerals that is dominated by trioctahedral illite with minor vermiculite. The REEs, high-field-strength elements, and transition metals have higher abundances in subsoils that developed from volcanic rocks, and pedogenesis caused the Mt. Vulture subsoils to have REE concentrations that are an order of magnitude higher than typical values for the upper continental crust. This result indicates that the distribution of REEs in soils is a valuable tool for mineral exploration. A statistical analysis of inter-elemental relationships indicates that REEs are concentrated in clay-rich fractions that also contain significant amounts of low-solubility elements such as Zr and Th, regardless of the parent rock. This suggests that low-solubility refractory minerals, such as zircon, play a significant role in controlling the distribution of REEs in soils. The values of (La/Yb)_N and (Gd/Yb)_N fractionation indices are dependent on the intensity of pedogenesis; soils in the study area have values that are higher than typical upper continental crust ratios, suggesting that soils, especially those that formed during interaction with near neutral to acidic organic-rich surface waters, may represent an important source of both light REEs and medium REEs (MREEs). In comparison, MREE/heavy REE fractionation in soils that form during moderate weathering may be affected by variations in parent rock lithologies, primarily as MREE-hosting minerals, such as pyroxenes, may control (La/Sm)_N index values. Eu anomalies are thought to be the most effective provenance index for sediments, although the anomalies within the soils studied here are not related to the alteration of primary minerals, including feldspars, to clay phases. In some cases, Eu/Eu* values may have a weak correlation with elements hosted by heavy minerals, such as Zr; this indicates that the influence of mechanical sorting of clastic particles during sedimentary transport on the Eu/Eu* values of siliciclastic sediments needs to be considered carefully.     

微量元素肥料及稀土肥料应用现状与开发前景

农作物在生长发育过程中所需的营养元素达16种以上。其中B、Cu、Mo、Zn、Mn、Fe等微量元素及镧系元素（稀土）在提高农作物产量、增强农作物抗逆性能、提高农作物品质等方面具有不容忽视的作用。在研究开发微肥与稀土微肥的同时，也应重视对含多种微量元素及稀土的矿肥的研究与开发。     

内蒙古东北部中二叠统哲斯组砂岩地球化学特征分析及物源区示踪

利用岩石地球化学示踪技术,对内蒙古东北地区中二叠统哲斯组砂岩的物源区和构造背景进行了研究.对研究区中二叠统哲斯组砂岩常量元素、微量以及稀土元素的分析表明,哲斯组砂岩样品的常量元素整体上SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3含量高(分别为67.87％ ～71.94％、14.57％～15.61％、2.61％ ～6.20％),CaO、MgO含量低(分别为0.31％ ～0.58％和0.80％～1.93％).微量元素上呈大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr相对富集,高场强元素除Zr、Y外相对较低,并且具有轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损和明显负Eu异常的特点,其中(La/Yb)n=5.08～8.67,Eu/Eu* -0.56～0.77.认为研究区哲斯组砂岩的物源主要来自于上地壳长英质源区,源岩可能为花岗岩,其物源区的构造背景为大陆岛弧环境.     

桂岭岩体稀土、微量元素地球化学特征研究

文章运用岩石地球化学方法,对桂岭岩体的构造环境和地球化学特征进行了研究,结果显示：桂岭岩体岩石平均LREE／HREE=7．68,（La／Yb）N-6．77,（La／Sm）N-4．65,（Gd／Yb）N-1．04,平均δEu=0．45〈1,表明轻重稀土轻度分异,轻稀土相对富集,轻稀土内部分馏明显,存在负铕异常;岩体明显亏损Nb、Sr、Ti,显示桂岭岩体的源区可能主要来自地壳,是地壳环境下壳源岩石发生部分熔融的产物;研究表明,桂岭岩体形成于挤压一伸展的大地构造环境。     

大兴安岭哈拉哈河-绰尔河第四纪火山岩地幔源区与岩浆成因

哈拉哈河-绰尔河第四纪火山地处重力梯度带上的大兴安岭中段。火山岩主要类型为钠质系列碱性橄榄玄武岩。火山岩大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素相对富集,轻重稀土分异程度弱((La/Yb)N=8～12),稀土元素和微量元素配分曲线与大同碱性玄武岩平行,总体上表现出与OIB相似的特征。在Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成特征上表现出亏损地幔的特点(εNd=4.8～5.9),接近MORB的源区范围。哈拉哈河-绰尔河第四纪火山岩岩浆由轻稀土富集的石榴子石二辉橄榄岩低程度(8%～15%)部分熔融产生,火山岩高MgO(>9%)、Ni(>200×10-6)和Mg#(60～70),表明它们是较原始的岩浆,岩浆上升过程经历了橄榄石和辉石为主的弱分离结晶作用,没有受到地壳物质明显混染。区域伸展作用引发软流圈地幔上涌是哈拉哈河-绰尔河第四纪火山的岩浆成因。