大别山超高压榴辉岩和花岗片麻岩中锆石Lu-Hf同位素研究

对大别山超高压榴辉岩和花岗片麻岩进行了锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析,结果为原岩来源提供了制约,表明扬子陆块在Rodinia超大陆裂解时的裂谷岩浆活动中发生了显著的陆壳生长.对这些锆石的不同区域进行的U-Pb和Lu-Hf同位素分析和比较表明,不同成因的锆石在^206Pb/^238U年龄、初始Hf同位素组成、Th/U及Lu/Hf比值等方面具有明显的差异.与年龄较老的岩浆核部和幔部相比,年轻的变质增生边具有低的Th/U和Lu/Hf比值但高的εHf（t）值.不同成因锆石的Th/U和Lu/Hf比值存在着正相关性,表明变质作用对锆石的U-Th-Pb和Lu-Hf同位素体系有着相似的影响.高级变质作用有时能够引起岩浆锆石增生边^176Hf/^177Hf比值的显著升高,导致变质新生颗粒或增生边类似于新生地壳的高εHf（t）值假象.对榴辉岩和片麻岩锆石核部的分析发现,镁铁质和长英质原岩在大约750 Ma左右形成一个双峰式火山岩套,另外包含少量的年龄约为2.15 Ga的陆壳.初始Hf同位素组成可分成两组：第一组具有正的εHf（t）值,为5.9±0.9～12.9±0.7;第二组εHf（t）值在零左右,为-4.3±0.5～2.3±0.3.正的εHf（t）值与较年轻的模式年龄相对应,负的εHf（t）值与古元古代模式年龄相对应.前者表明,在扬子陆块北缘裂谷岩浆作用将亏损地幔物质加入到大陆地壳中,同时在新元古代中期的裂谷构造带中存在同时期的壳-幔相互作用.因此,在扬子陆块北缘新元古代中期裂谷岩浆活动中,既有新生地壳生长和即时再造,也有古老地壳再造.     

Petrological and zircon evidence for anatexis of UHP quartzite during continental collision in the Sulu orogen

Petrological evidence is provided for anatexis of ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) metamorphic quartzite in the Sulu orogen. Some feldspar grains exhibit elongated, highly cuspate shapes or occur as interstitial, cuspate phases constituting interconnected networks along grain boundaries. Elongated veinlets composed of plagioclase + quartz ± K‐feldspar also occur in grain boundaries. These features provide compelling evidence for anatexis of the UHP quartzite. Zircon grains from impure quartzite are all metamorphic growth with highly irregular shape. They contain inclusions of coesite, jadeite, rutile and lower pressure minerals, including multiphase solid inclusions that are composed of two or more phases of muscovite, quartz, K‐feldspar and plagioclase. All zircon grains exhibit steep REE patterns, similar U–Pb ages and Hf isotope compositions with a weighted mean of 218 ± 2 Ma. Most grains have similar δ¹⁸O values of ?0.6 to 0.1‰, but a few fall in the range ?5.2 to ?4.3‰. Thus, these grains would have grown from anatectic melts at various pressures. Zircon O isotope differences indicate that anatectic melts were derived from different sources with contrasting O isotopes, but similar Hf isotopes, that is, one from the quartzite itself and the other probably from the country‐rock granitic gneiss. Zircon grains from pure quartzite contain relict magmatic cores and significant metamorphic overgrowths. Domains that contain eclogite facies minerals exhibit flat HREE patterns, no Eu anomalies and concordant U–Pb ages of c. 220 Ma. Similar U–Pb ages are also obtained for domains that contain lower pressure minerals and exhibit steep REE patterns and marked negative Eu anomalies. These observations indicate that zircon records subsolidus overgrowth at eclogite facies conditions but suprasolidus growth at lower pressures. Zircon enclosed by garnet gave consistent U–Pb ages of c. 214 Ma. Such garnet is interpreted as a peritectic product of the anatectic reaction that involves felsic minerals and possibly amphibole and titanite. The REE patterns of epidote and titanite also record multistage growth and metasomatism by anatectic melts. Therefore, the anatexis of UHP metamorphic rocks is evident during continental collision in the Triassic.     

大别造山带白垩纪花岗岩对太古宙基底的再造:来自U-Pb年代学、Sr-Nd-Hf同位素的证据

本文对大别造山带大崎山花岗岩进行了系统的野外调查、岩石学、地球化学、锆石U- Pb- Hf和Sr- Nd同位素研究。锆石U- Pb定年结果显示大崎山花岗岩形成于早白垩世,年龄为124~120 Ma。样品具有较高的SiO2(69. 3%~75. 2%)、Al2O3(13. 4%~15. 3%)和全碱(7. 94%~8. 71%)含量,较低的MgO(0. 23%~0. 84%)、TiO2(0. 16%~0. 49%)与TFeO(1. 05%~2. 66%)含量,A/CNK=1. 01~1. 03,显示弱过铝质特征。岩石富集大离子亲石元素(如Rb、K、Pb)、轻稀土元素以及Th、U等,亏损高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Ti)、重稀土元素以及Sr和Ba,具有明显Eu负异常(δEu=0. 34~0. 52),属于高钾钙碱性的I型花岗岩,这些地球化学特征表明大崎山花岗岩经历了以斜长石、钾长石和磷灰石为主的分离结晶作用。白垩纪锆石εHf(t)值为〖CD*2/3〗32. 9~〖CD*2/3〗15. 2,对应tDM2为3258~2140 Ma,全岩εNd(t)为〖CD*2/3〗22. 5~〖CD*2/3〗15. 8,对应tDM2=2754~2209 Ma,指示岩浆源区主要为古老地壳物质。样品中含有大量的~2. 65 Ga继承锆石,锆石εHf(t)为〖CD*2/3〗7. 3~3. 6,显示与贾庙地区2. 65~2. 63 Ga片麻状花岗岩有良好的亲缘性。大崎山花岗岩可能源自北大别变质带太古宙基底的再造,其源区还存在年轻地壳物质的参与,可能形成于古太平洋板块的俯冲板片在130 Ma后快速后撤的伸展背景。     

Geochronology and isotope analysis of the Late Paleozoic to Mesozoic granitoids from northeastern Vietnam and implications for the evolution of the South China block

In northeastern Vietnam, Late Paleozoic and Permo-Triassic granitic plutons are widespread, but their tectonic significance is controversial. In order to understand the regional magmatism and crustal evolution processes of the South China block (SCB), this study reports integrated in situ U–Pb, Hf–O and Sr–Nd isotope analyses of granitic rocks from five plutons in northeastern Vietnam. Zircon SIMS U–Pb ages of six granitic samples cluster around in two groups 255–228 Ma and 90 Ma. Bulk-rock ε_Nd (t) ranges from −11 to −9.7, suggesting that continental crust materials were involved in their granitic genesis. In situ zircon Hf–O isotopic measurements for the granitic samples yield a mixing trend between the mantle- and supracrustal-derived melts. It is suggested that the granitic rocks were formed by re-melting of the continental crust. These new data are compared with the Paleozoic and Mesozoic granitic rocks of South China. We argue that northeastern Vietnam belongs to the South China block. Though still speculated, an ophiolitic suture between NE Vietnam and South China, so-called Babu ophiolite, appears unlikely. The Late Paleozoic to Mesozoic magmatism in the research area provides new insights for the magmatic evolution of the South China block.     

Early cretaceous granitoids and their implications for the collapse of the Dabie orogen, eastern China: SHRIMP zircon U–Pb dating and geochemistry

Two stages of early Cretaceous post-orogenic granitoids are recognized in the Dabie orogen, eastern China, which recorded processes of extensional collapse of the orogen. The early stage granitoids ( 132 Ma) are foliated hornblende quartz monzonites and porphyritic monzogranites. They are of high-K calc-alkaline series and metaluminous to weakly peraluminous, with high K₂O and low MgO contents (Mg^# values: 32.0–46.0), they contain high Sr, low Y and heavy rare earth elements (HREE), and have high Sr/Y and (La/Yb)_N ratios, without clear negative Eu, Sr and Ti anomalies. The early stage deformed granitoids have adakitic geochemical compositions and are equilibrated with residues rich in garnet and poor in anorthite-rich plagioclase, and thus indicate the existence of an over-thickened (> 50 km) crustal root beneath the orogen at  132 Ma. The later stage granitoids ( 128 Ma) are undeformed fine-grained monzogranites, fine-grained K-feldspar granites and coarse-grained K-feldspar granite-porphyry. They belong to a peraluminous and high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonite series, and display a flat HREE pattern and have strong negative Eu, Sr and Ti anomalies, with low Sr/Y and (La/Yb)_N ratios. The late stage granitoids are equilibrated with residues rich in anorthite-rich plagioclase, hornblende, ilmenite/titanite and poor in garnet, indicating that the crust of the Dabie orogen became thinner (< 35 km) at  128 Ma. SHRIMP zircon U–Pb ages and changing compositional trends for these two stages of granitoids indicate that the over-thickened crust formed by the Triassic continental subduction/collision under the Dabie orogen remained until the early Cretaceous, and collapsed quickly in a few million years during the early Cretaceous.     

Early Mesozoic metamorphism and tectonic significance of the eastern segment of the Lhasa terrane,south Tibet

The metamorphic belt in the Basongco area, the eastern segment of Lhasa terrane, south Tibet, occurs as the tectonic blocks in Paleozoic sedimentary rocks. The Basongco metamorphic rocks are mainly composed of paragneiss and schist, with minor marble and orthogneiss, and considered previously to be the Precambrian basement of the Lhasa terrane. This study shows that the Basongco metamorphic belt experienced medium-pressure amphibolite-facies metamorphism under the conditions of T = 640–705 °C and P = 6.0–8.0 kbar. The inherited detrital zircon of the metasedimentary rocks yielded widely variable ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages ranging from 3105 Ma to 500 Ma, with two main age populations at 1150 Ma and 580 Ma. The magmatic cores of zircons from the orthogneiss constrain the protolith age as ca. 203 Ma. The metamorphic zircons from all rocks yielded the consistent metamorphic ages of 192–204 Ma. The magmatic cores of zircons in the orthogneiss yielded old Hf model ages (T_DM2 = 1.5–2.1 Ga). The magmatic zircons from the mylonitized granite yielded a crystallization age of ca. 198 Ma. These results indicate that the high-grade metamorphic rocks from the Basongco area were formed at early Jurassic and associated with coeval magmatism derived from the thickening crust. The Basongco metamorphic belt, together with the western and coeval Sumdo and Nyainqentanglha metamorphic belts, formed a 400-km-long tectonic unit, indicating that the central segment of the Lhasa terrane experienced the late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic collisional orogeny.     

大别山双河超高压变质矿物O同位素平衡及其对Sm-Nd和Rb-Sr等时线年龄有效性的制约

对于变质岩 Sm-Nd 和 Rh-Sr 同位素年代学来说,其中一个重要问题是等时线矿物之间在一特定的变质事件过程中是否达到并在随后保持同位素平衡。矿物 O 同位素地质测温也是如此。由于许多情况下 Nd、Sr 和 O 在变质矿物中的扩散速率具有可比性,变质矿物之间 O 同位素平衡状况能够为矿物 Sm-Nd 和 Rb-Sr 内部等时线定年结果的有效性提供制约。为了验证其适用性,本文对大别造山带双河超高压榴辉岩和片麻岩 Sm-Nd 和 Rh-Sr 等时线矿物进行了 O 同位素地质测温。尽管Sm-Nd 等时线给出一致的三叠纪年龄(213～238Ma),同一样品 Rb-Sr 等时线却给出侏罗纪年龄(171～174Ma)。片麻岩、榴辉岩和榴闪岩矿物对 O 同位素测温得到600～720℃和420～550℃两组温度,分别对应于约225±5Ma 榴辉岩相变质和约 175±5Ma 角闪岩相退变质条件下停止同位素扩散交换的温度。同一样品三叠纪 Sm-Nd 等时线年龄的保存、侏罗纪 Rh-Sr 等时线年龄的出现以及有规律的 O 同位素温度,表明在角闪岩相退变质过程中,Sr 和 O 在含水矿物(如黑云母和角闪石)中的扩散速率在手标本尺度上比石榴石 Nd 和多硅白云母 Sr 的扩散速率快。在退变质作用过程中,等时线矿物之间的初始同位素比值均一化速率主要受扩散速率慢的矿物控制,而矿物等时线时钟的启动主要受具有高母/子体比值的矿物控制。只有当高母/子体比值矿物具有快的放射成因同位素扩散速率时,才能够应用合理的矿物等时线确定变质再造的时间。     

北大别主簿源花岗岩和片麻岩矿物的

对大别造山带北部主簿源中生代花岗岩侵入体及其围岩片麻岩进行了矿物氧同位素分析，同时对同一样品进行了矿物 Rb- Sr内部等时线定年。结果表明，花岗岩和片麻岩矿物的氧同位素温度大小顺序为：角闪石 >磁铁矿 >榍石 >石英 >黑云母 >长石，遵循缓慢冷却条件下扩散控制的氧同位素交换封闭顺序，指示这些岩石没有受到后期热液蚀变的扰动。根据黑云母-长石-磷灰石-全岩内部 Rb- Sr等时线测定，花岗岩的年龄为 (118± 3) Ma，代表了岩浆侵位冷却年龄；片麻岩的年龄为 (122± 1) Ma，代表了片麻岩受大面积燕山期岩浆侵位热烘烤达到高温同位素平衡后的冷却年龄。因此，矿物之间的氧同位素平衡与否 ,能够对矿物 Rb- Sr体系封闭后平衡状态的保存性以及矿物内部等时线定年的有效性予直接制约。     

秦岭造山带富水中基性侵入杂岩的成岩时代——锆石U-Pb及全岩Dm、Nd同位素年代学新证据

研究结果表明,富水中基性侵入杂岩可能为不同时代亏损地幔源岩浆侵入活动的产物。其中中细粒角闪辉长岩、具斑杂构造的中细粒角闪黑云辉长岩、中粗粒角闪黑云二长岩为同一岩浆源岩浆演化序列,角闪黑云二长岩中锆石U-Pb同位素年龄值(514.3±1.3)Ma代表了其形成时代,反映了早古生代的一次重要“造壳事件”。角闪黑云闪长岩的Sm、Nd同位素地球化学特征明显不同于前3种岩石,反映了富水中基性侵入杂岩形成演化的复杂性。     

西大别山早白垩世谭冲和陈冲花岗岩体U- Pb年龄、地球化学和Sr- Nd- Hf同位素特征：对岩石成因和下地壳拆沉时限的约束

谭冲和陈冲岩体出露于西大别造山带新县岩基北缘,主要岩性分别为二长花岗岩和花岗斑岩。为理解其岩石成因和构造属性,对两个岩体开展了激光等离子质谱(LA-ICP-MS)锆石U-Pb测年、元素地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素研究。结果表明,谭冲和陈冲岩体锆石U-Pb年龄分别为133.5±1.1Ma(MSDW=0.63)和132.9±1.1Ma(MSDW=1.30),暗示其形成于早白垩世。岩石均具有较高的SiO_2(69.40%～77.82%)、Al_2O_3(11.72%～15.26%)和总碱(Na_2O+K_2O=6.40%～8.70%)含量,K_2O/Na_2O比值大于1,过铝质(A/CNK=1.14～1.66,一个样品值0.97除外)等特点,总体归为高钾钙碱性系列。岩石富集轻稀土((La/Yb)_N=22.98～28.64),负Eu异常不明显,亏损Ba、Nb、Ta、P、Ti和Y元素。岩石锶同位素初始比值I_(Sr)为0.707220～0.707557,钕同位素ε_(Nd)(t)值为-17.7～-18.1,两阶段Nd模式年龄T_(DM2)=2.36～2.40Ga。锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值集中于-21.4～-25.8,两阶段Hf模式年龄T_(DM2)=2.24～2.48Ga。详细的矿物组成、岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素分析揭示,两个岩体成因类型均为分异的I型花岗岩,起源于残留相含有石榴子石的部分熔融岩浆。岩浆房形成压力和深度较大,可能是在加厚下地壳环境扬子陆块北缘古老陆壳物质重熔的产物。结合区域同期岩浆岩对比研究认为,西大别地区与东大别地区加厚下地壳拆沉时限基本一致,发生在133Ma左右。     

秦岭造山带富水中基性侵入杂岩的成岩时代--锆石U-Pb及全岩Sm、Nd同位素年代学新证据

研究结果表明,富水中基性侵入杂岩可能为不同时代亏损地幔源岩浆侵入活动的产物。其中中细粒角闪辉长岩、具斑杂构造的中细粒角闪黑云辉长岩、中粗粒角闪黑云二长岩为同一岩浆源岩浆演化序列,角闪黑云二长岩中锆石U-Pb同位素年龄值(514.3±1.3)Ma代表了其形成时代,反映了早古生代的一次重要“造壳事件”。角闪黑云闪长岩的Sm、Nd同位素地球化学特征明显不同于前3种岩石,反映了富水中基性侵入杂岩形成演化的复杂性。     

Hydrogen and oxygen isotope evidence for fluid–rock interactions in the stages of pre- and post-UHP metamorphism in the Dabie Mountains

Hydrogen and oxygen isotope studies were carried out on high and ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks in the eastern Dabie Mountains, China. The δ¹⁸O values of eclogites cover a wide range of −4.2 to +8.8‰, but the δD values of micas from the eclogites fall within a narrow range of −87 to −71‰. Both equilibrium and disequilibrium oxygen isotope fractionations were observed between quartz and the other minerals, with reversed fractionations between omphacite and garnet in some eclogite samples. The δ¹⁸O values of −4 to −1‰ for some of the eclogites represent the oxygen isotope compositions of their protoliths which underwent meteoric water–rock interaction before the high to ultrahigh pressure metamorphism. Heterogeneous δ¹⁸O values for the eclogite protoliths implies not only the varying degrees of the water–rock interaction before the metamorphism at different localities, but also the channelized flow of fluids during progressive metamorphism due to rapid plate subduction. Retrograde metamorphism caused oxygen and hydrogen isotope disequilibria between some of the minerals, but the fluid for retrograde reactions was internally buffered in the stable isotope compositions and could be derived from structural hydroxyls dissolved in nominally anhydrous minerals.     

辽西地区燕山板内造山带早中生代构造变形的年代学限定

在辽西进行的构造研究确认了这里曾经在早中生代期间发生过几次重要的构造变形事件,地质上,这几次构造变形的时代被限定在中三叠世老虎沟组沉积之后到晚侏罗世髫髻山/蓝旗组火山岩喷发之前.期间,第一期逆冲推覆构造被水泉沟组不整合覆盖,第二期逆冲推覆构造被髫髻山组/蓝旗组不整合覆盖.本文通过对水泉沟组火山岩、邓杖子组火山岩砾石、髫髻山组底部火山岩以及侵位到逆冲构造岩片中的安山玢岩脉体进行锆石SHRIMP法U-Pb定年,比较准确地限定了燕山板内造山带早中生代几次构造变形的时代.这对于研究燕山板内造山带早期变形特征和变形历史、研究整个燕山造山带的变形过程都具有重要的意义.     

福建紫金山地区中生代岩浆岩成因——锆石Hf同位素证据

对福建紫金山地区中生代岩浆岩进行了锆石Hf同位素分析,结果表明中-晚侏罗世与早白垩世岩浆岩具有不同的Hf同位素组成.中-晚侏罗世花岗岩体具有低的εHf(t)值(-13.5～-2.9),Hf同位素的二阶段模式年龄(tDCM)峰值介于1.7～2.0 Ga,表明其主要来源于古元古代基底.早白垩世侵入-次火山岩分为四方花岗闪长岩体和紫金山次火山岩、悦洋次火山岩以及温屋次火山岩.四方岩体εHf(t)值介于-2.3～0.4,tDCM峰值介于1.3～1.4Ga;紫金山次火山岩εHf(t)值变化范围大(-8.9～5.6),tDCM峰值介于1.1～～1.5 Ga,表明两者均形成于中元古代基底和地幔物质混合作用的环境;悦洋和温屋次火山岩具有相对较低的εHf(t)(-2.7～-9.6)和较高的tDCM(峰值为1.4～1.7 Ga),表明二者来源于中-古元古代基底和少量幔源物质的混合物.早白垩世岩浆岩Hf同位素特征显示,紫金山地区的侵入-次火山岩体形成于同一岩浆源区,但岩浆源区随着时间的演化各组分及组分含量在不断变化,显示了该时期复杂的壳幔作用过程.紫金山地区中生代岩浆岩中锆石Hf同位素特征表明,中-晚侏罗世岩体与早白垩世侵入-火山岩来源于不同源区,为古太平洋板块俯冲作用不同阶段的产物.     

大别造山带天柱山燕山期中酸性岩浆岩元素和同位素地球化学研究

大别-苏鲁造山带中生代岩浆岩的物质来源和成因机制,是大陆碰撞造山带研究的热点和前沿问题之一。本文通过对大别造山带天柱山燕山期中酸性岩进行全岩主量和微量元素以及放射成因同位素、单矿物氧同位素分析,指示这些碰撞后岩浆岩是俯冲陆壳物质再循环的产物。研究发现,这些中酸性岩表现出明显的轻稀土富集、高场强元素Nb、Ta和Ti负异常以及Pb正异常。它们都具有较高的Sr同位素初始比值(0．7062-0．7083)和较低的εNd(t)值(-17．1--19．7),与北大别杂岩的变化范围一致。单矿物氧同位素变化范围较大(石英:7．48-9．16‰,钾长石:3．76-7．80‰,斜长石:2．06- 6．96‰,锆石:4．16-5．83‰),大多数样品锆石具有与正常地慢锆石(5．3±0．3‰)一致的δ18O值。大多数样品的石英-锆石之间达到并保存了岩浆结晶时的氧同位素平衡分馏,而其它矿物(如钾长石、斜长石、黑云母和角闪石)与锆石之间大多表现为明显的氧同位素不平衡分馏,表明它们受到了岩浆期后亚固相水-岩相互作用的扰动。元素、Sr-Nd同位素和锆石氧同位素特征表明,大别山中生代中性岩可能是由加厚的扬子板块基性下地壳脱水部分熔融并经结晶分异形成的,花岗岩是由化学组成类似于北大别TTG片麻岩的中性下地壳脱水部分熔融形成的。     

大别造山带古元古代黑云紫苏斜长片麻岩年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义

为探讨大别造山带早期结晶基底物质组成及其演化特征,对大别造山带蕙兰山地区出露的黑云紫苏斜长片麻岩的岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Lu-Hf同位素组成进行研究,显示其原岩应为石英闪长岩,成岩时代为古元古代早期(2463±22 Ma),且经历了古元古代麻粒岩相变质作用,锆石Ti地质温度计显示其变质温度为767～827℃(平均799℃),变质时间为2002±11 Ma(MSWD=0.46)。岩石地球化学成分显示其SiO₂含量为55.16%～57.10%,MgO为4.74%～5.89%,Mg^#值为47.5～50.4,钙碱性系列,富Mg贫Si,稀土配分曲线呈现轻稀土相对富集的右倾分布特征((La/Yb)_N=19.3～34.1),无明显Eu异常((Eu/Eu^*)=0.9～1.2),且具较高的Sr、Ni、Cr含量,以及较低的Yb_N值及Y含量,与镁质闪长岩具相似特征;明显富集Rb、Ba、K等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等高场强元素;锆石Lu-Hf同位素显示具有较为均一...     

大别北麓汤家坪花岗斑岩锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb定年和岩石地球化学特征及其对岩石成因的制约

河南商城县汤家坪花岗斑岩产于大别造山带北麓,岩体位于早白垩世达权店花岗岩体的南缘。岩体斑晶含量占10%左右,主要由钾长石、斜长石和石英组成,基质主要由钾长石、斜长石、石英和少量黑云母组成,副矿物主要为磁铁矿、赤铁矿、锆石。花岗斑岩中锆石U-Pb年龄为121.6±4.6Ma,为早白垩世中晚期。汤家坪花岗斑岩含白云母,无角闪石,具高硅(SiO272%)、高碱(Na2O+K2O7.4%)的特征,铝饱和指数(ACNK)为0.99～1.18,轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损(La/Yb)N=10.9～44.5,明显亏损Eu(δEu=0.40～0.58)、Sr、Ba、Nb等。P2O5与SiO2含量呈正相关关系、Pb与SiO2含量呈负相关关系、Y、Th随Rb升高而降低,属弱过铝质高分异S型花岗岩。汤家坪花岗斑岩εHf(t)(-17.6～-10.4)和εNd(t)(-15.5～-13.7)值均显示出壳源特征,tDM2(Hf)和tDM2(Nd)分别为1843～2281Ma和2034～2178Ma,反映汤家坪花岗斑岩来源于古老地壳物质的重熔,中等的初始Sr同位素指示源岩中可能有部分低成熟度地壳物质加入。结合稀土元素特征,认为汤家坪花岗斑岩源岩来源较深,主要源于下地壳物质。     

Zircon U–Pb age and Hf isotope evidence for contrasting origin of bimodal protoliths for ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks from the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling project

A combined study of zircon morphology, U–Pb ages and Hf isotopes as well as whole‐rock major and trace elements was carried out for ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) eclogite and felsic gneiss from the main hole (MH) of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling (CCSD) project in the Sulu orogen. The results show contrasting Hf isotope compositions for bimodal UHP metaigneous rocks, pointing to contrasting origins for their protoliths (thus dual‐bimodal compositions). The samples of interest were from two continuous core segments from CCSD MH at depths of 734.21–737.16 m (I) and 929.67–932.86 m (II) respectively. Zircon U–Pb dating for four samples from the two core segments yields two groups of ages at 784 ± 17 and 222 ± 3 Ma, respectively, corresponding to protolith formation during supercontinental rifting and metamorphic growth during continental collision. Although the Triassic UHP metamorphism significantly reset the zircon U–Pb system of UHP rocks, the Hf isotope compositions of igneous zircon can be used to trace their protolith origin. Contrasting types of initial Hf isotope ratios are, respectively, correlated with segments I and II, regardless of their lithochemistry. The first type shows positive ?_Hf(t) values of 7.8 ± 3.1 to 6.0 ± 3.0, with young Hf model age of 1.03 and 1.11 Ga. The second type exhibits negative ?_Hf(t) values of ?6.9 ± 1.6 to ?9.1 ± 1.1, with old Hf model ages of 2.11 and 2.25 Ga. It appears that the UHP rocks from the two segments have protoliths of contrasting origin. Consistent results are also obtained from their trace element compositions suggesting that mid‐Neoproterozoic protoliths of bimodal UHP metaigneous rocks formed during supercontinental rifting at the northern margin of the South China Block. Thus, the first type of bimodal magmatism formed by rapid reworking of juvenile crust, whereas the second type of bimodal magmatism was principally generated by rift anatexis of Paleoproterozoic crust. Melting of orogenic lithosphere has potential to bring about bimodal magmatism with contrasting origins. Because arc–continent collision zones are the best place to accumulate both juvenile and ancient crusts, the contrasting types of bimodal magmatism are proposed to occur in an arc–continent collision orogen during the supercontinental rifting, in response to the attempted breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia at c. 780 Ma.     

阴山地块晚太古代岩浆作用、变质作用对地壳演化及BIF成因的启示

阴山地块是华北克拉通西部太古代基底出露最大最完整的地区.固阳地区是阴山地块最具代表性的地区,主要由中西部低级别变质的晚太古代花岗-绿岩地体和东部的高级变质杂岩地体组成.统计结果表明,无论是绿岩带,花岗岩类侵入体,还是高级别变质杂岩的原岩都形成于晚太古代末期(2562 ～ 2510Ma),形成时间上相互重叠,在～2500Ma,～2480Ma分别经历了两期变质事件,第一期为逆时针的P-T轨迹,与洋脊俯冲有关;第二期则表现顺时针的P-T轨迹,与晚期碰撞造山有关.科马提岩-科马提质玄武岩、高镁安山岩-富Nb火山岩、TFG和Sanukitoid多种具有特殊构造意义的岩石同时发育.综合已有资料获得如下启示,阴山地块在晚太古代受板块体制控制,并先后经历了洋脊俯冲和碰撞造山过程.将区域内的BIF与相关岩石联系起来考虑,得出BIF的形成与洋脊俯冲有关,BIF中的Si来源于绿岩带底部的玄武岩,Fe来源于同层位的科马提岩.