往复流中双向导向叶冲动透平模型性能试验研究

研制了 30 0双向自调导叶透平试验机组 ,安装在 10 0 0活塞式往复流透平试验台上 ,对两种叶轮方案和 6种不同喷咀、扩压器进行了不同活塞行程、不同周期和不同恒定输出电压下性能试验。试验结果表明在喷咀出口角α1=2 1 5°、扩压器入口角α2 =6 5 5°和α1=2 4°、α2 =6 3°组合最佳 ,最高效率达 5 3 3% ,而且在宽广流量系数范围内 ,特别是大流量系数范围内都有较高效率。大大优于常用对称翼透平。将上下游导叶固定 ,变成双向固定导叶透平。用No 1叶轮和 6种导叶出口角组合进行试验。表明最佳导叶出口角为 2 4°～ 30°,最高效率仍达 38 5 % ,比对称翼透平仍高许多     

潮流发电水轮机基于动量定理的性能计算方法研究

以潮流发电水轮机的设计为研究背景,分析和总结了基于动量定理方法的四种流管模型(单盘面-单流管模型、双盘面-单流管模型、单盘面-多流管模型和双盘面-多流管模型)在竖轴变攻角水轮机的水动力性能计算中的应用,特别是能量利用率预报方面的应用。说明基于动量定理的模型在求竖轴变攻角潮流发电水轮机的水动力性能方面,能够预报一些定性特性和总体趋势,为水轮机的设计和计算提供一种初步方法。     

畸形波作用下半潜浮式风机系泊失效停机响应分析

半潜浮式风机逐渐在深海风电开发中受到关注,建立风机、平台与系泊结构耦合数值计算模型,通过FAST与AQWA链接进行风机塔基荷载及平台运动响应相互耦合传递,基于随机波与极限波组合模型生成畸形波时程序列,进行半潜浮式风机系泊失效全过程时域模拟计算分析,得出系泊锚链张力、风机、塔筒和平台运动时程响应,探究系泊失效、风机停机和叶片变桨速率对浮式风机平台系泊结构动力响应的影响。结果表明：畸形波作用下浮式平台和系泊结构动力响应显著,系泊失效导致塔基剪力增加,平台纵荡和纵摇运动响应显著增大;风机停机会引起系泊锚链张力显著减小,转子推力、塔基剪力和叶尖挥舞位移响应逐渐衰减,平台纵荡、纵摇和横摇运动响应显著减小;随着叶片变桨速率增加,风机转子推力和塔基剪力波动幅值增大。     

汕尾市100kW波力电站空气透平与气室匹配设计

根据用1/15模型,在造波水槽中进行试验获得气室的Δ Pi- Q、ηA- Q、 NA- Q特性,以及用300mm透平模型,在1000mm活塞式往复流透平试验台进行试验获得的对称翼透平、双向固定导叶冲动透平和双向自调节导叶冲动透平的CP-、ηT-特性,进行了气室与三种空气透平的匹配设计。表明在设计波况下,采用1.025m的双向自调节导叶冲动透平时,ηT·ηA达50.43%;采用0.975m的双向自调节导叶冲动透平时,ηT·ηA达46.66%;采用0.975m的双向固定导叶冲动透平时,ηT·ηA达33.66%;采用1.45m对称翼透平时,ηT·ηA仅为29.9%。并对四种不同匹配方案进行了对比分析。     

Numerical study of power production from tidal energy in the Khuran Channel and its feedback on background hydrodynamics

This study focuses on the development of a farm of tidal turbines in the Khuran Channel. The important factors include the location of turbines and their hydrodynamic effects on the environment. A three-dimensional circulation model for the Persian Gulf is employed for the comprehensive evaluation of the tidal energy potential throughout the study area. The model is validated by using in situ observations of water level and current data.The appropriate potential points for extracting the tidal e...     

用于Wells透平性能分析的稳态实验台研制

文中利用二维模型分析了威尔斯透平（Wells)的气动力性能，并以此为基础，设计并研制出多用途吸风式稳态透平试验台，该试验台一方面可用来研究稳态流动透平的总体气动性能以及稠密度、翼型等参数对透平性能的影响，另一方面又还可以测量透平前后的速度场、压力场，为分析透平气动损失、优化透平设计、提高波浪能转换效率提供手段。     

Comparison between a U-OWC and a conventional OWC

With an additional vertical duct at the wave-beaten side, an OWC is expected to give some much better performances. This is, essentially, due to two reasons. First, an OWC with the additional vertical duct (U-OWC) has an eigenperiod greater than the eigenperiod of a conventional OWC. Second, the amplitude of the pressure fluctuations on the opening of a U-OWC is greater than the amplitude of the pressure fluctuations on the opening of a conventional OWC (the greater the smaller the wave period is). For the first reason, a U-OWC can give performances better than those of a conventional OWC both with swells and large wind waves. For the second reason, a U-OWC can give performances better than those of a conventional OWC also with small wind waves.     

Experimentally validated numerical method for the hydrodynamic design of horizontal axis tidal turbines

Although a lot can be learnt from technology transfer from wind turbines and ship propellers, there have been a few experiments investigating marine current turbines. As a result, a study has been carried out on the power, thrust and cavitation characteristics of 1/20th scale model of a possible 16 m diameter horizontal axis tidal turbine. Cavitation tunnel experiments for different blade pitch settings have been compared with simulations based on a developed blade element-momentum theory. This theory has been shown to provide a satisfactory representation of the experimental turbine performance characteristics. As an example application, the developed theory has been used to design possible horizontal axis tidal turbines for the tidal flows around Portland Bill. The results show that there is a clear balance between design loads and optimisation of energy yields.     

海上风电测风塔的选型

风资源的获取与评估是风电前期投资的一项重要工作。作为海上风电,需要动用船舶、浮吊等海上工程机械,施工局限性大,成本高。对目前国内外已经使用的各种测风塔进行了比较,分析了各种测风塔的优缺点,选出适用于海上风电的测风塔塔架和基础形式,为海上风电的开发提供了理论指导。     

Review on Tidal Energy Technologies and Research Subjects

Tidal current power is one of the promising and reliable renewable energies with the advantage of continuous and predictable resource. It can make stable electricity regardless of weather conditions or seasons all year around. The required technologies for tidal current power in the ocean have been developed for years and now recognized that it could be commercialized after intensive field tests and successful demonstrations. There are several tidal farm development projects in the world, such as the MeyGen project in UK with its commercialization at hand. However, various research subjects in the tidal current energy field are seeking improvements and industrialization of tidal current power in terms of economy and technical reliability. This paper introduces the resource assessment procedure of tidal energy that has been applied in Korea coastal regions. The key research subjects for tidal current power together with the interaction effect of multi-arrangement is described. Also, this paper is to introduce the research output of each subject such as turbine design, experimental validation, turbine interaction and wake, multi-array module, FSI (fluid-structure interaction), and duct application.     

气动式波浪发电透平的设计模型

分析了气动式波浪发电透平的特点、运行环境以及透平与振荡气流之间的相互作用过程,提出了描述透平稳态特性和动态特性的参数以及描述透平运动性能的特性曲线,推导得出透平的稳态最佳工作点,最后提出了透平的匹配设计方法。该设计模型的建立,对波浪透平的研究和设计具有较重要的指导意义     

基于M-BEMT2.0研究串列海流发电机的水动力性能

海流发电机(MCT)是开发海洋可再生能源的重要装置。在预测海流发电机水动力性能方面,修正叶素动量理论(M-BEMT)方法被验证是一种简单有效的方法。为了进一步提高M-BEMT方法的适用性和准确性,基于M-BEMT方法开发M-BEMT2.0方法包括时均法(TA-BEMT2.0)和瞬态积分法(TI-BEMT2.0),新方法考虑了来流的轴向非均匀性和周向非均匀性。首先使用文献的试验结果验证均匀来流时新方法的适用性。然后使用计算流体力学(CFD)计算结果验证非均匀来流时新方法的适用性。最后结合新方法和CFD方法深入研究两个串列排布海流发电机(MCTA)的水动力性能。基于M-BEMT2.0研究发现,均匀来流时计算结果与试验结果基本吻合,非均匀来流时新方法的计算结果优于M-BEMT的计算结果。对于MCTA,当第一个MCT的叶尖速度比越大,第二个MCT功率比和推力比恢复到90%的距离越短。     

Design and Test of 1/5th Scale Horizontal Axis Tidal Current Turbine

Tidal current energy is prominent and renewable. Great progress has been made in the exploitation technology of tidal current energy all over the world in recent years, and the large scale device has become the trend of tidal current turbine (TCT) for its economies. Instead of the similarity to the wind turbine, the tidal turbine has the characteristics of high hydrodynamic efficiency, big thrust, reliable sealing system, tight power transmission structure, etc. In this paper, a 1/5th scale horizontal axis tidal current turbine has been designed, manufactured and tested before the full scale device design. Firstly, the three-blade horizontal axis rotor was designed based on traditional blade element momentum theory and its hydrodynamic performance was predicted in numerical model. Then the power train system and stand-alone electrical control unit of tidal current turbine, whose performances were accessed through the bench test carried out in workshop, were designed and presented. Finally, offshore tests were carried out and the power performance of the rotor was obtained and compared with the published literatures, and the results showed that the power coefficient was satisfactory, which agrees with the theoretical predictions.     

Deep ocean wave energy conversion using a cycloidal turbine

A lift based wave energy converter, namely, a cycloidal turbine, is investigated. This type of wave energy converter consists of a shaft with one or more hydrofoils attached eccentrically at a radius. The main shaft is aligned parallel to the wave crests and submerged at a fixed depth. In the two-dimensional limit, i.e. for large spans of the hydrofoil (or an array of these), the geometry of the converter is suitable for wave termination of straight crested Airy waves. Results from two-dimensional potential flow simulations, with thin hydrofoils modeled as either a point vortex or discrete vortex panel, are presented. The operation of the cycloidal turbine both as a wave generator as well as a wave-to-shaft energy converter interacting with a linear Airy wave is demonstrated. The impact on the performance of the converter for design parameters such as device size, submergence depth, and number of hydrofoils is shown. For optimal parameter choices, simulation results demonstrate inviscid energy conversion efficiencies of more than 99% of the incoming wave energy to shaft energy. This is achieved using feedback control to synchronize the rotational rate, blade pitch angle, and phase of the cycloidal wave energy converter to the incoming wave. While complete termination of the incoming wave is shown, the remainder of the energy is lost to harmonic waves traveling in the up-wave and down-wave directions.     

Analysis of Wells turbine design parameters by numerical simulation of the OWC performance

This paper investigates by numerical simulation the influence of the Wells turbine aerodynamic design on the overall plant performance, as affected by the turbine peak efficiency and the range of flow rates within which the turbine can operate efficiently. The problem of matching the turbine to an oscillating water column (OWC) is illustrated by taking the wave climate and the OWC of the Azores power converter. The study was performed using a time-domain mathematical model based on linear water wave theory and on model experiments in a wave tank. Results are presented of numerical simulations considering several aerodynamic designs of the Wells turbine, with and without guide vanes, and with the use of a bypass pressure-relief valve.     

A Simple Method for Predicting Drag Characteristics of the Wells Turbine

1 .Introduction The Wells turbine ,consisting of several symmetric aerofoil blades ,fixedto a hub,can rotate inthe same direction without anyrectifyingflap valves .It has been consideredto bethe most prospectivewave energy conversion deviceforits simple s…     

基于实密度的卧式浪流轮机水槽实验研究分析

实密度是影响轮机获能特性的关键因素之一。文中以卧式轮机实密度为基变量,以其获能系数为主要考察点,对3种实密度卧式轮机进行水槽实验方案设计和水动力性能研究。实验分别对水流流速、轮机旋转角速度、主轴转矩以及功率进行测量,并对其对主轴的扭矩、轮机的获能系数以及叶片的旋转特性进行定量分析,最终证实了该卧式轮机的单一运行特性。通过绘制基于实密度的轮机转矩—转角曲线、获能系数—尖速比曲线和轮机功率—尖速比曲线,阐明了实密度影响卧式轮机获能水动力性能的规律,即其获能系数和发电功率都随着工况速比呈先增后降趋势。实密度较低轮机因浪流流失而获得能量小,但实密度过高轮机会导致叶片间湍流涌动,加速叶片失速特性而影响轮机获能。这为卧式浪流轮机结构优化提供了可靠依据和借鉴。     

一种加装稳定翼的海上风电负压桶型基础研究

针对海上风电负压桶型基础,以提高桶基水平承载性能和降低结构动力响应为目的,提出了一种加装稳定翼的负压桶型基础型式。通过在桶身设置一组稳定翼,使得桶周土抗力得以充分利用。以单立柱负压桶基为例,建立桶土全实体有限元模型,进行了静力分析和包括模态分析、瞬态分析、谱分析在内的动力分析。结果表明:稳定翼的设置增强了桶基水平承载性能;水平位移和动力响应显著减小;结构低阶固有频率略有提高。     

Wake studies of a 1/30th scale horizontal axis marine current turbine

A 0.4 m diameter (1:30th scale) horizontal axis marine current turbine (MCT) was tested in a circulating water channel. The turbine performance and wake characteristics were determined over a range of flow speeds and rotor thrust coefficients. Measurements of the water surface elevation profiles indicated increasing variation and surface turbulence with increasing flow speeds. Blockage-type effects (where the measured point velocity was greater than the inflow velocity) occurred around the sides of the rotor for all flow speeds. Although the effects were exaggerated at model scale, it is expected that reasonable variations in water level and flow velocity could also occur over a full scale MCT array.     

海底边界效应对海流发电水轮机水动力性能影响研究

对30 W海流能水平轴水轮机进行叶片设计,应用FLUENT软件对水轮机的水动力性能进行数值模拟,研究了边界效应对叶片表面压力、流场、湍流强度、获能和轴向力的影响。受海底边界效应影响,海流速度沿深度呈现梯度变化,底层流速较小,中上层流速较大。边界效应导致水轮机的水动力性能呈现周期性变化,降低了水轮机的获能和轴向力。机组布置时,宜选择水流稳定且流速较大的中上层区域。