用ICP—MS准确测定岩石样品中的40余种微量元素

本文建立了一种用ＨＦ＋ＨＮＯ３密封溶解样品，以ＵＳＧＳ标准岩石样品ＢＣＲ－１作参考标准，外加质量监控样品测定岩石样品中微量元素的ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ分析方法。该方法具有简单，准确，测定元素多的特点。用该方法对ＵＳＧＳ和ＡＧＳＯ的标准岩石样品中４０余种微量元素进行测定，结果表明，除个别元素的分析结果与推荐值偏差接近或略大于１０％外，绝大多数元素的分析结果与推荐值偏差在５％以内。     

等离子体质谱测定岩石标准物质中痕量元素—对某些元素定值的探讨

用等离子体质谱（ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ）对美国玄武岩标准物质ＢＨＶＯ－１、Ｗ－２和中国玄武岩标准物质ＧＢＷ０７１０５（ＧＳＲ－３）进行了３９种痕量元素分析。三个标准物质的大多数元素测定值与标准值在误差范围内一致。ＧＳＲ－３中Ｃｓ、Ｐｂ、Ｙ、Ｎｂ、Ｔｍ、Ｙｂ等元素的ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ测定值与标准值存在不同程度的偏差。用同位素稀释法对ＧＳＲ－３中的Ｐｂ做了进一步的精确测定,结合玄武岩的元素地球化学分析,认为ＧＳＲ－３     

微波消化在磷矿石样品制备中的应用

以微波ＨＮＯ＿３消化分解磷矿石试样，用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ进行多元素同时测定。该方法经磷矿石标准样品验证后，用于云南省九个地区磷矿中Ｃａ、Ｐ、Ｆｅ、Ａｌ、Ｍｇ和Ｋ六种元素的分析，结果与经典酸分解方法制备样品的分析结果相符；同一样品平行测定９次，其各元素的相对标准偏差（ＲＳＤ）在１．５８％～４．４１％。     

感耦等离子体发射光谱法直接测定地质样品中15个微量稀土元素

研究了基体元素对１５个稀土元素的干扰,优化了ＩＣＰ的工作参数,采用Ｎａ２Ｏ２碱熔处理样品,加入三乙醇胺ＥＤＴＡ络合干扰离子,计算机离峰背景校正消除基体元素干扰,ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法直接测定地质样品中１５个微量稀土元素,对岩石、土壤水系沉积物国家一级标准物质分析,结果与推荐值一致。     

溶剂浸渍滤纸的制备及其在X射线荧光光谱分析中的应用研究之三地质样品中微量锆铪的测定

报道了Ｐ５０７－ｐＭＢＰ溶剂浸渍滤纸（ＳＩＦＰ）的制备及其吸附性质；提出含微量Ｚｒ、Ｈｆ的岩矿样品经碱熔分解后用强阳离子交换树脂静态吸附分离大量干扰元素，再用Ｐ５０７－ＰＭＢＰＳＩＦＰ富集Ｚｒ与Ｈｆ，然后用ＸＲＦ光谱直接测定ＳＩＦＰ上Ｚｒ、Ｈｆ的方法；考察了阳离子交换树脂分离干扰元素的条件，以及在残留干扰元素存在下Ｐ５０７－ＰＭＢＰＳＩＦＰ对Ｚｒ、Ｈｆ的富集情况等；对分析误差的来源，样品分析的精密度，ＳＩＦＰ样片的稳定性等也进行了讨论；所拟方法经用ＧＳＲ及ＧＳＳ系列部分地质标准样品分析验证，其结果与推荐值符合。     

流动注射－速差动力学研究──分光光度法测定岩矿中痕量锆

探讨了以二甲酚橙（ＸＯ）为显色剂时，一些常见金属离子与试剂的显色反应动力学特性，利用Ｚｒ（Ⅳ）和其它金属离子与ＸＯ的反应在动力学上的差异，及Ｚｒ－ＸＯ络合物灵敏的亚稳态，采用流动注射－分光光度联用技术，测定了岩矿中痕量Ｚｒ。方法经ＧＳＲ、ＧＳＳ、ＧＳＤ系列部分地质标准参考物质验证，其结果与推荐值吻合。对含Ｚｒ量为２７２μｇ／ｇ的ＧＳＲ－３进行了５次测定，其ＲＳＤ为２．２％。     

偏最小二乘－分光光度法测定地质样品中铈组稀土元素的研究

采用偏最小二乘回归（ＰＬＳＲ）算法，对均三溴偶氮胂显色体系光度法同时测定地质样品中铈组稀土元素的结果进行数据处理，取得满意结果。讨论了消除样品中的钇组稀土元素干扰、校准样品群的建立以及最佳因子数的确定等问题。用所拟定方法对国家级ＧＳＤ、ＧＳＲ系列地质标样进行测定，其结果与推荐值相符。对地质样品ＮＢ３６７平行９次测定，铈组各稀土元素的ＲＳＤ在２．２％～１０．Ｏ％范围。     

荧光分光光度法测定岩石矿物中微量钇

研究了用５,７－二氯－８－羟基喹啉络合－荧光分光光度法测定岩石和矿物中钇的方法及最佳测定条件。方法精密度（ＲＳＤ）为４．４％;用本法分析了国家一级标准物质,其结果与推荐值一致性较好。     

流动注射—速差动力学研究：分光光度法测定岩矿中痕量锆

探讨了以二甲酚橙（ＸＯ）为显色剂时，一些常见金属离子与试验剂的显色反应动力学特性，利用Ｚｒ（Ⅳ）和其它金属离子与ＸＯ的反应在动力学上的差异，及Ｚｒ－ＸＯ络合物灵敏的亚稳态，采用流动注射－分光光度联用技术，测定了岩矿中痕量Ｚｒ。方法经ＧＳＲ，ＧＳＳ，ＧＳＤ系列部分地质标准参考物质验证，其结果与推荐值吻合。对含Ｚｒ量为２７２μｇ／ｇ的ＧＳＲ－３进行了５次测定，其ＲＳＤ为２．２％。     

热电离质谱(TIMS)U-Th年龄测定及其应用研究初探

尝试了用热电离质谱方法测定南海第四纪珊瑚的Ｕ－Ｔｈ年龄，并利用国家铀系年龄标准物质ＧＢＷ０４４１３来监测分析结果的合理性。结果显示，ＧＢＷ０４４１３的ＴＩＭＳ年龄与作为推荐值的α记数方法测定结果一致，反映出其可靠性；而年龄在１ｋａ左右的珊瑚样品的ＴＩＭＳ年龄与１４Ｃ年龄一致，＞５ｋａ样品的ＴＩＭＳ年龄老于１４Ｃ年龄，体现两种方法的系统差别     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861