张广才岭张家湾岩体地球化学特征及岩石成因

张广才岭岩体的地质学、岩相学、全岩主量和微量以及锆石U-Pb测年结果显示：张家湾岩体主要岩性为石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩,不同岩石类型之间呈侵入接触关系。岩石富硅富铝,为准铝质—弱过铝质岩石,全碱（Na2O+K2O）质量分数为4.46%～8.66%,主要为高钾钙碱性系列高分异I型花岗岩。稀土和微量元素组成上,均富集LREE、Rb、Th、U、K,相对亏损Ba、Nb、P、Ti,δEu从无异常到中等程度负异常。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄加权平均年龄显示张家湾岩体形成于早侏罗世（石英闪长岩（176.4±2.4） Ma、花岗闪长岩（176.4±2.4）Ma、二长花岗岩（174.7±1.6）Ma)。综合分析主量元素、稀土元素、微量元素以及Sr同位素,均指示该岩体的岩浆主题来源于从亏损地幔中增生的基性下地壳物质。     

皖南泾县茂林岩体锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征

安徽茂林岩体为中国东部中生代皖南构造-岩浆带中的一个浅层侵入岩体,是檀树岭钼矿和湛岭钼矿的成矿母岩。该岩体的主要岩性为花岗闪长岩、花岗斑岩、斑状花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩等。对茂林花岗闪长岩体进行LA-ICP-MS锆石UPb测年,结果显示锆石Th/U值为0.38~0.66,为典型的岩浆成因锆石。花岗闪长岩~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为140.8±0.8Ma(n=19,MSWD=2.3),结合锆石自形、岩浆环带发育等特点,该年龄为茂林花岗闪长岩的成岩年龄,显示岩体形成于早白垩世。锆石Hf同位素分析结果显示,茂林花岗闪长岩锆石振荡岩浆环带具负εHf(t)值(-9.7~-6.2),揭示花岗闪长岩主要形成于下地壳的熔融。     

新疆西准噶尔拉巴花岗岩地球化学特征及年代学研究

新疆西准噶尔玛依勒地区的拉巴岩体侵入于下石炭统包古图组中,由花岗闪长岩、石英闪长岩、英云闪长岩、花岗岩组成,以花岗岩为主。其中花岗岩和花岗闪长岩属钙碱性、高钾钙碱性系列,为偏铝质至过铝质岩石,并具有轻稀土-大离子亲石元素富集、Nb-Ta-Ti等高场强元素亏损的地球化学特征。该岩体两个代表样品的锆石La-ICP-MS法206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为287±5Ma和295.1±2.3Ma,表明岩体的结晶年龄为早二叠世,与西准噶尔地区后碰撞花岗岩的时代(年龄峰值310～295Ma)相近。综合岩体的地质、地球化学特征和区域地质特征,认为拉巴花岗岩体为准噶尔地区后碰撞阶段伸展期的岩浆活动产物。     

内蒙古狼山地区早石炭世角闪辉长岩、花岗闪长岩的岩石成因及构造意义

内蒙古狼山山脉西侧分布有大面积的晚古生代岩浆岩,时代集中在早石炭世—晚二叠世,早石炭世角闪辉长岩、花岗闪长岩体出露于潮格温都尔镇西侧。角闪辉长岩体呈岩滴状产出,被花岗闪长岩体侵入,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄显示,角闪辉长岩的~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄为329.0±2.3 Ma,花岗闪长岩的~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄为331.1±0.9 Ma~330.0±4.2 Ma。花岗闪长岩暗色矿物以角闪石为主,富钠(Na2O=3.48%~4.46%),高钠钾比值(Na2O/K2O=1.03~2.39),钙碱性系列,P2O5-SiO_2之间存在较好的负相关性,岩石地球化学特征具Ⅰ型花岗岩的特点。Hf同位素及元素地球化学特征指示了角闪辉长岩及花岗闪长岩均来自于受地壳混染的亏损地幔,为同源岩浆演化的产物。角闪辉长岩及花岗闪长岩稀土元素配分型式一致,均为轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素亏损,具弱的负Eu异常;角闪辉长岩富集Ba、Sr,亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf;花岗闪长岩富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K、Pb、Sr,不同程度地亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti,总体反映了岩浆弧的地球化学特征。结合区域地质背景,早石炭世狼山地区侵入岩岩石组合为角闪辉长岩(闪长岩)+石英闪长岩+花岗闪长岩,认为狼山地区早石炭世处于大陆边缘弧构造背景。     

赣中山庄二长花岗岩的成因与构造背景:岩石学、地球化学及锆石U-Pb年代学证据

赣中山庄花岗岩岩体位于钦杭成矿带的南侧,岩性上包括二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩。本文对岩体北部的二长花岗岩开展了年代学、地球化学及同位素研究以约束该岩体的形成时代、岩石成因及成岩构造背景。锆石CL图像、Th/U比值,以及(Sm/La)_N-La和Ce/Ce~*-(Sm/La)_N图解均表明,二长花岗岩所有锆石晶体为岩浆成因;其中第一组锆石加权平均年龄为420～419Ma,代表了岩浆结晶年龄。该花岗岩SiO_2含量为71.48%～66.20%、K_2O/Na_2O值为1.24～0.99、A/CNK1.1;结合白云母和石榴石的出现、ACF图解、Rb-Th、Rb-Y的负相关性,山庄二长花岗岩属高钾钙碱性强过铝质S型花岗岩。同时,该岩石亏损大离子亲石元素Ba和Sr以及高场强元素Nb和Ta,说明系壳源物质部分熔融的产物。CaO/Na_2O值(0.14～0.07)、Rb/Sr值(8.27～3.83)、Rb/Ba值(1.48～0.82)、FeO~T+MgO+TiO_2含量(2.4～1.8)和二阶段Nd模式年龄(t_(2DM)=2031～1971Ma)进一步说明二长花岗岩的源岩是古元古代的富粘土的泥质岩。锆石的饱和温度和Ti温度计计算结果表明二长花岗岩岩浆形成温度为722～720℃,黑云母的全铝温度计则反映其形成压力为3.21～2.71kbar。结合花岗岩构造环境判别图以及华南大地构造演化特征,山庄花岗岩岩体可能是在后碰撞环境下由古元古代富粘土泥质岩于低温低压条件下部分融熔的结果。     

北祁连西段小柳沟矿区花岗质岩石锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及成因研究

甘肃小柳沟钨钼(铜)矿是一个与花岗岩类有关的斑岩-矽卡岩-石英脉型矿床,小柳沟矿区内花岗质岩石类型主要为二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩。本文对该岩体进行年代学、地球化学研究以约束其形成时代和岩石成因。LA-ICP-MS锆石UPb测年分别获得二长花岗岩与花岗闪长岩谐和年龄为454.0±2.0Ma和417.7±1.7Ma,属于加里东期岩浆活动的产物,并经历了海西期和燕山期岩浆热事件的改造。地球化学数据显示,小柳沟花岗质岩石具有高硅、富碱的特征,属于过铝质高钾钙碱性系列,富集Rb、Th、U、K、Pb,亏损Ba、Sr、Ti、P,具有明显Eu负异常,尤其是二长花岗岩显示强烈的铕负异常(δEu为0.08～0.19),属于高分异I型花岗岩。锆石Hf同位素分析结果显示,二长花岗岩εHf(t)为-4.45～4.04,t DM2=1176～1714Ma,花岗闪长岩εHf(t)为-4.18～4.43,t DM2=1124～1670Ma,二者可能是由壳幔混合作用形成,其壳源源区很可能来源于古元古代-中元古代古老地壳岩石,花岗闪长岩的源区相对较深,北大河岩群与朱龙关群可能是小柳沟钨矿的初始矿源层。综合研究表明,小柳沟钨钼矿床与二长花岗岩在时间、空间及成因上有密切关系。结合区域构造演化,认为小柳沟二长花岗岩应形成于俯冲背景下的活动大陆边缘环境,花岗闪长岩形成于碰撞造山环境。     

新疆西天山呼斯特杂岩体岩石学、锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素特征

呼斯特岩体是新疆西天山博罗科努岛弧带上的一个与矽卡岩成矿有关的复式杂岩体,由二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、正长花岗岩、花岗细晶岩、闪长玢岩、辉长岩和中基性包体等组成。本文对该岩体不同岩相岩石开展了岩石学、锆石LAICP-MS U-Pb同位素定年和Hf同位素研究,探讨岩石成因及构造意义。锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,正长花岗岩、闪长玢岩、花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩加权平均年龄分别为380.2±4.6Ma、372.8±5.9Ma、367.7±4.5Ma和366.2±4.5Ma,岩体侵位时代为晚泥盆世,在大约15Myr期间,至少发生了3~4次岩浆侵入。在地球化学组成上,除辉长岩外,岩体为准铝质-弱过铝质、高钾钙碱性-低钾(拉斑)系列的I型花岗岩,轻重稀土分馏明显,具Eu负异常;富集Th、U,亏损Ba、P和高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Zr、Ti),为晚古生代北天山洋向南俯冲于伊犁地块背景下岩浆活动的产物。二长花岗岩锆石Hf同位素组成较为均一,εHf(t)值为1.3~3.0,二阶段Hf模式年龄为1171~1280Ma,远大于成岩年龄,说明原始岩浆从地幔分异后经历了较长时间的地壳滞留。研究认为,高钾中酸性岩(花岗岩、闪长玢岩和中基性包体)由元古代新生基性下地壳部分熔融而成,伴有受俯冲沉积物熔体交代的幔源岩浆混合。低钾花岗闪长岩高Sr、低Y和Yb,属O型埃达克岩,与同源的辉长岩一起由俯冲的大洋板片部分熔融形成,源岩为低钾的拉斑玄武岩。     

大兴安岭北段哈多河地区骆驼脖子岩体地球化学和锆石U-Pb年代学

骆驼脖子岩体位于大兴安岭哈多河地区东南部,大地构造上位于兴蒙造山带东段,其岩性由正长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩(其中含石英闪长岩包体)、二长花岗岩组成.其中锆石呈自形晶,发育细微振荡生长环带,具有较高的Th/U值,表明锆石的岩浆成因.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,加权平均年龄和岩性分别为127±1 Ma的正长花岗岩、126±1 Ma的花岗闪长岩、131±1 Ma的石英闪长岩、130±1 Ma的二长花岗岩,集中在早白垩世.除闪长岩包体外,岩体具有高硅(SiO2=71.11％～76.89％)、富碱(Na2O+K2O=8.04％～9.17％)、较低的Al2O3(12.9％～14.99％)、贫钛(TiO2=0.08％～0.22％),属于高钾钙碱性系列.A/CNK值为0.97～1.10,属于准铝质到弱过铝质,分异指数(DI)为86.1～97.46,固结指数(SI)为0.1～5.59,岩体经历了较强的分异演化作用,δEu为0.26～2.51,正、负异常皆有,LREE/HREE为6.35～32.16,(La/Yb)N比值为4.59～43.04,轻稀土相对富集,重稀土相对亏损.微量元素亏损Ti、Ta、Nb等元素;富集Th、U、Hf、Zr、La、Rb等元素,TFeO/MgO比值较低,为2.37～6.41,Zr+Nb+Ce+Y=106.48×10-6～162.74×10-6,均低于A型花岗岩的下限值,同时锆石饱和温度也较低(723.43～760.48℃),结合岩相学、年代学、地球化学及区域地质资料,骆驼脖子岩体具有高分异的高钾钙碱性Ⅰ型花岗岩的特点,其成因可能为东北地区中生代古太平洋板块斜向俯冲后,大陆岩石圈拉张减薄的产物.     

辽东凤城地区早白垩世花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及地质意义

辽东凤城地区出露的大面积花岗岩一直是华北克拉通北缘岩石圈减薄的研究热点,但花岗岩的岩石年龄、成因及构造环境等方面的研究尚不够深入.以辽东凤城地区帽盔山二长花岗岩、蛟羊峪花岗闪长岩、清凉山二长花岗岩为研究对象,采用岩石学、岩石地球化学及LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年方法,讨论了花岗岩的岩石成因及构造意义.帽盔山二长花岗岩、蛟羊峪花岗闪长岩、清凉山二长花岗岩中锆石具有典型的岩浆振荡生长环带和较高的钍铀比（Th/U>0.4）,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为127.2±0.6 Ma、122.9±1.1 Ma、129.0±0.8 Ma,均形成于早白垩世.岩石地球化学特征显示帽盔山二长花岗岩和清凉山二长花岗岩为高钾钙碱性A型花岗岩,具有富Si、富碱,贫Al、Fe、Ca、Mg的特征,Eu负异常较为明显;蛟羊峪花岗闪长岩为准铝质到过铝质岩石,微量元素富集Nd、Tb、La,亏损Sr、P、Ti.构造环境判别结果显示,上述3个花岗岩体均形成于伸展拉张的构造环境.以上研究表明,辽东凤城地区在早白垩世时期处于非造山的伸展环境,是华北克拉通岩石圈减薄和克拉通破坏作用的缩影.      

东昆仑东段到木提岩体成因及构造意义：来自年代学及地球化学的约束

到木提岩体位于东昆仑造山带东段，主要岩性有二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩及闪长岩。笔者对新发现的闪长岩进行了锆石U–Pb测年和岩石地球化学测试，以确定其形成时代及岩石成因，结合二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩的岩石地球化学特征，综合探讨到木提岩体的侵位时代、岩石成因及构造演化程。LA–ICP–MS锆石U–Pb测年获得的闪长岩²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄为(244.6±1.8)Ma，到木提闪长岩体结晶时代为早三叠世。二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩的地球化学特征显示：里特曼指数小于3.3，具钙碱性–高钾钙碱性特征；铝饱和指数A/CNK值均小于1.1；岩石中P₂O₅含量普遍较低，且与SiO₂含量呈负相关性；富集K、Rb、La等LILE，亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P等HFSE。地球化学特征表明，到木提岩体属于Ⅰ型花岗岩。综合分析认为，东昆仑东段到木提岩体是下地壳岩石发生部分熔融形成的火山弧花岗岩，阿尼玛卿洋俯冲作用可以持续到早—中三叠世，俯冲过程中形成区域性的地幔岩浆底侵就是导致下地壳熔融的热源，且幔源岩浆不同程度混入...     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861