赣西红土型金矿床地质特征,成矿地质条件和找矿前景分析

赣西红土层分布广泛,红土风化壳具有典型的红土剖面特征,红土型金矿主要形成于杂色粘土带中,分为蛇屋山式和大坊式两类。矿体呈线型—面型分布,以层状、似层状、透镜状产出,产状较平缓。矿石构造为土状、花斑状、角砾状,矿床规模小—中型。通过分析红土型金矿构造地貌条件与红土风化壳、含金矿源体、卡林型金矿的关系,认为在萍乐坳陷带中成矿条件较好,含金矿质来源丰富,构造相对稳定,地貌多低山丘陵,对成矿有利。并指出萍乐坳陷带中与卡林型金矿母岩风化有关形成的红土区是寻找红土型金矿最有利的地区,认为赣西红土型金矿具有较好的找矿前景。     

云南红土型金矿床地质特征及成矿条件研究

红土型金矿是云南找金工作的主攻类型之一。云南新构造期运动是红土型金矿的主成矿期,地壳的快速抬升,古气候与古地貌的变化,表现出红土型风化壳剖面发育不全,成熟度低,厚度不大,对基岩含金性依存度高等特点。云南红土型金矿成矿作用为红土化作用的初、中期阶段,其金矿类型有岩控型、层控型和构控型三种。     

老挝爬奔金矿床红土型金矿化地质特征及成因分析

老挝爬奔金矿床存在两类金矿化,即产于二叠系灰岩及其接触带上,受断裂构造控制的碳酸盐化低温热液型原生金矿化和产于凹陷地形中,与原生金矿化伴生的红土型金矿化。两类矿化在空间上紧密相关,空间结构自上而下为红土型金矿化和碳酸盐化构造蚀变岩型金矿。矿区土壤地球化学Au异常区、红土型金矿以及原生型金矿体常具"三位一体"的对应关系。     

指示红土型金矿表征的遥感地质特征

红土风化壳中铁、锰质和粘土等矿物的含量高，存在大量的Ｆｅ３＋、Ｆｅ２＋、Ｍｎ２＋、Ｈ２Ｏ、（ＯＨ）１－、ＣＯ２３等离子，而这些离子团的含量决定了红土风化壳的发射波谱性状，应用ＴＭ波段对这些离子团的探测能力，就有可能识别到红土风化壳及与红土型金矿有关的地物目标。湘南地区的ＴＭ数据处理，表明了与已知红土型金矿对应的“ＫＬ特征标志色块”可作为红土型金矿成矿预测的最佳标志。     

黔西南地区金矿产出模式及找矿潜力

黔西南地区的金矿床按产出形态可分为层间型、断裂型和土型三种类型。三者是在同一地质背景条件下，不同构造条件控制不同产出形态金矿床的结果。在注意研究它们内在联系的基础上，注意在一种产出形态的矿床的构造单元内寻找其它产出形态的同类型金矿床。特别应当注意在黔西南地区构造有利地段寻找层间型金矿的普查找矿工作。研究指出，产出形态为层间型的金矿床其资源潜力和普查找矿前景巨大。     

中国金矿床主要工业类型及其分布特征

石英脉型、蚀变碎裂岩型及糜棱岩型目前仍然是我国金矿床的主要类型.金矿床的空间分布上具有丛聚性,在矿床类型及成矿时代方面,东、西部表现出明显差别.东间地区主要为石英脉型、蚀变碎裂岩型、冰长石一绢云母石英脉型、矽卡岩型、铁帽型及红土型等,成矿时代主要为燕山期,铁帽型及红土型主要形成于第四纪;西北部地区主要有蚀变碎裂岩型、冰长石一绢云母石英脉型和石英脉型等,成矿时代主要为海西期;西南部地区主要为微细浸染型、蚀变碎裂岩型、石英脉型及红土型等,成矿时代主要为印支一喜马拉雅期.砂砾层型在各矿化集中区均有不同程度分布,主要为现代地质作用的产物.     

贵州贞丰红旗坡红土型金矿床成矿作用浅析

本文在叙述矿床地质特征的前提下，从储矿场形成，红土型金矿形成及成矿后剥蚀残留三个阶段论述了红旗坡土型金矿床成矿作用。     

Highly pure placer gold formation in the Nilambur Valley,Wynad Gold Field,southern India

Placer gold grains in the Nilambur Valley of Wynad Gold Field in southern India are characterized by very high purity levels (985–1000). Their Ag-depleted core compositions, enhanced grain size and microscale growth patterns correlate with gold grains associated with laterite profiles in the weathering fronts. From the morphological and chemical evolution of gold grains associated with primary, supergene and secondary deposits in this region, we identified a two-stage process for the evolution of the highly pure placers, which shows that gold in the primary veins was mobilized, chemically purified, and reconcentrated in the laterite profiles, effecting enhanced purity and grain growth before transfer to the fluvial system. Further refinement was achieved during fluvial transport, generating natural concentrations of pure gold in the placers.     

贵州老万场红土型金矿地球化学特征及其成因

对贵州西南部晴隆老万场红土型金矿与相关岩石（矿石）和喀斯特红土等进行了常量元素、微量元素和稀土元素地球化学比较研究,阐明了矿床的各类元素的地球化学特征,追溯了矿术的物质来源。研究表明,本类红土型金矿的物质来源是高硅质（石英）、富铁质（黄铁矿等）的富金矿（岩）石;具有Ａｕ－Ａｓ－Ｓｂ－Ｈｇ－Ｔｌ－Ｗ－Ａｇ－Ｂａ的微量元素组合特征,与卡林型金矿十分相似,是原始卡林型金矿风化演化的产物。常量元素和稀土元     

含金硫化物基岩区红土型金矿的成矿作用

实验表明，在含金硫化物基岩区，硫代硫酸金络阴离子团和硫酸金络阴离子团是金在表生条件下的主要迁移形式，它们的沉淀与铁、锰氢氧化物的形成有密切联系。金的表生迁移－沉淀条件除一般的表生地质条件外，还有特殊的物理化学－生物化学条件。络阴离子团的地球化学性质，控制着红土型金矿床的垂向分带与金的次生富集。     

安徽省东至地区金矿类型及找矿方向

安徽省东至地区位于扬子陆块北缘,跨下扬子前陆带和江南隆起带两个次级构造单元,独特的大地构造环境造就了本区有利的金矿成矿地质条件,形成多种类型的金矿床,其成因类型主要包括岩浆热液型和风化壳型,工业类型主要有破碎带蚀变岩型、含金石英脉型、微细粒浸染型及红土型。各类型金矿分类聚集,形成两个主要的金矿成矿带。沿赵家岭断层带以破碎带蚀变岩型为主,伴有含金石英脉型,中畈—戴家一带,赵家岭—杨家山一带均具较大找矿潜力,是本区金矿勘查重点地区,九华庄等地也具一定的找矿潜力;沿高坦断裂以微细粒浸染型为主,伴有破碎带蚀变岩型及红土型,查册桥地区是其重点勘查区,铜锣尖、小河等地找矿潜力也较大。     

Study on the element geochemical charactersitics of the Shazi large-sized anatase ore deposit in Qinglong,Guizhou Province

The Shazi anatase ore deposit in Qinglong, Guizhou Province, is a large-sized anatase deposit that has been recently explored. The characteristics of major oxides in the ore are similar to those of modem laterite weath- ering crust and laterite in the laterite-type gold deposits in the western part of Guizhou Province. Studies on the REE characteristics of basalts and anatase ores in the study region showed that both of them do have extremely strong affinities. There are two groups of trace elements in the ores, i.e., Au-Ag-As-Sb-Hg-Tl association and Sc-TiO2-Cu-Fe-Mn association, reflecting that the formation of anatase ore is related to the formation of siliceous claystone at the early stage of eruption of the Emeishan basaltic magma. The siliceous claystones are the major country rocks for the formation of laterite-type gold ores and anatase ores. In the region anatase ores are rich in Sc and the basalts enriched in Fe, Mn, Ti and Sc are the material source of metallogenesis.     

云南宝兴厂金矿床地质特征及成因

文章总结了云南宝兴厂金矿区地质特征,划分了成矿期和成矿阶段,通过对硫、铅、氢氧同位素特征的研究,认为下奥陶统向阳组第四岩性段的碎屑岩为金成矿的矿源层。多期次的构造-岩浆活动,形成了该区多期次、多阶段、多样式、多矿种的矿床组合类型。矿床类型主要有:斑岩型、石英脉型、构造蚀变岩型、红土型等。该金矿的形成在时间、空间上与喜马拉雅期的富碱斑岩密切相关。     

中国金矿床工业类型

作为勘查和开发直接对象的含金地质体是金矿床工业价值的决定性要素,是金矿床地质特征的本质规定,也是人们最易识别和掌握的直观标志,以此作为金矿床工业类型的分类基础,划分出10类金矿床:（1）石英脉型;（2）糜棱岩型;（3）蚀变碎裂岩型;（4）冰长石-绢云母石英脉型;（5）角砾岩型;（6）矽卡岩型;（7）微细浸染型;（8）红土型;（9）铁帽型;（10）砂砾层型     

印度尼西亚红土型镍矿

红土型镍矿分布在环太平洋亚热带-热带多雨地区。镍矿体产于趟基性岩上部的红土风化壳中,受地形控制明显,成因类型为红土型硅酸镍氧化矿,以褐铁矿型和腐岩型为主,矿石质量和可利用性均较好。     

Lateritization cycles and their relation to the formation and quality of kaolin deposits in south Kerala, India

Laterite occurs extensively over the crystalline and sedimentary rocks in the midland and lowland areas of south Kerala, India. Two lateritization cycles are identified in this area. Large, good-quality kaolin deposits, composed mostly of kaolinite, are characteristic of the sedimentary sequence in south Kerala. These deposits were formed on deposition of the weathering materials of the khondalites towards the first cycle of lateritization. After deposition and uplift of the sedimentary rocks, another lateritization cycle affected these, as well as the khondalites during pre-Quaternary times with the formation of a planation surface at 25–125 m above sea level having thick laterite profiles. The laterite profiles over the kaolin deposits show higher concentration of Fe-oxides (mostly in the form of hematite) and titania, compared to their concentration in the kaolins. Higher contents of Cr and Ni are also characteristic of the laterite over kaolin deposits. Recrystallization of the kaolinite, appearance of Al, Fe and Si amorphous phases in the kaolin clays and partial removal of Fe and Ti from them are attributed to the second lateritization cycle.     

A weathered skarn-type mineralization in Ivory Coast: The Ity gold deposit

Although the Ity deposit is the oldest operating mine in Ivory Coast, very few studies exist on this deposit. It is situated in Western Ivory Coast, some 700 km northwest of Abidjan. The mine is presently operated and mined by SMI (Société des mines d'Ity — Society of Ity Mines), and has produced one million ounces of gold since its opening in 1991. All mined ore bodies are hosted in laterite and clay formations. The gold deposits in the Ity area form a cluster of mining operations of various sizes (Flotouo, Zia, Mont Ity), hosted in a Birimian volcano-sedimentary belt. The mineralization is mostly located at the contact between a granodiorite–tonalite intrusive body and sediments. Primary gold mineralization occurs in the form of veinlets and, mostly, skarn at the contact between the granitic intrusion and limestone. Calc-silicate minerals such as diopside and andradite dominate the skarn. However, the economic gold mineralization at Ity is associated with the saprolitic zone (50–120 m thick), and consists of several mineralized lenses of clayey and ferruginous material (“Terres noires”), and of sedimentary breccia layers. A thick laterite horizon (a minimum of 10 m) overlies the saprolite and covers the land throughout the region; it is mineralized in the deposit area. This contribution provides a summary of the geological and mineralogical relationships at the Ity deposit, presents new data on skarn-type gold mineralization, and summarizes its history, from the first findings, through exploration and mining assessment.     

Guide horizons for gold mineralisation in lateritic crusts

The structural classification previously proposed for laterite crusts in field exploration by the author has the objective of: (a) serving as a tool to geological mapping of the bed rock types; (b) recognition of greenstone belt units of economic interest; and (c) demarcation of target areas for mineral exploration. In localities of several small placer gold operations, outcrops of nodular and pisolitic laterite crusts are seen overlain occasionally by breccioid laterite, nodular laterite breccia, mottled cavernous laterite or banded concretionary laterite. Such nodular or pisolitic varieties, rich in goethite, characterise mafic to ultramafic parent rocks in/and greenstone belt units. This type of crust is thus the guide horizon in the laterite profile indicative of Au. Its surface expression accompanying the source rocks is occasionally significant and thus can be a promoter of small-scale mining and a metallotect and guide for exploration programmes.     

贵州省兴义市雄武地区金矿石堆浸的工艺研究

贵州省兴义市雄武地区金矿主要为卡林型,其次为红土型,矿床受断裂构造控制,矿石为中等含硫微细浸染状氧化矿石。目前浅部矿石已基本采完,深部矿石品位较低(0.8~1.8 g/t),因此有效提高低品位矿石浸出率和金回收率至关重要。研究表明,筑堆时矿石粒度和喷淋时氰化钠浓度是堆浸生产中的重要影响因素。矿石粒度大,金浸出率低;氰化钠浓度大,则成本增加。根据矿石物质成分和工艺特征研究,得到矿石冶炼时的最佳工艺条件:筑堆时矿石粒度为15~25 mm,氰化钠浓度为0.05%~0.08%。该研究有效提高了矿石浸出率,降低了运营成本,为金矿石堆浸实际生产提供了理论和实验依据。     

湘南红土型金矿地质特征及控矿因素

湘南红土型金矿的分布受东西向基底断裂和深源同熔型岩浆岩控制,矿体富集受浅部断裂、岩体接触带、一定的地层层位等因素控制。本文描述了已知红土型金矿的地质特征,分析了其控矿因素。