三峡水库区湖北省巴东县太矶头滑坡防治工程

太矶头滑坡位于湖北省宜昌上游125km，距三峡大坝约80km的长江北岸。地处巴东县官渡口镇新址西南部、巴东长江大桥北端之神农溪口，为一大型顺层岩、土体混合滑坡(照片版1，照片1)。该滑坡由Ⅰ、Ⅱ号滑坡体构成，总面积14．58万m^2，总体积527．58万m3。其中Ⅰ号滑坡体面积6．31万m^2，厚度29．05～38．70m，平均厚34．75m，体积219．27万m^3；     

多分类支持向量机在滑坡稳定性判识中的应用

如何准确地判识和评价滑坡的稳定性一直是滑坡研究中的关键问题。基于多分类支持向量机的基本理论,利用三峡库区的37个典型滑坡（27个训练样本,10个测试样本）,建立了滑坡稳定性判识的多分类支持向量机模型,并与距离判别分析方法进行了比较。结果表明,SVM模型对测试样本和训练样本的判识准确率均达到100％,而距离判别法对测试样本和训练样本的判识准确率分别为80％和77.8％,前者的判识精度明显优于后者。在此基础上,将SVM模型运用于溪洛渡库区牛滚凼滑坡的稳定性判识中,结果与实际情况吻合较好。     

广西防城港那勤滑坡稳定性评价及防治对策

那勤滑坡位于广西南部低山丘陵地貌区，由破碎花岗岩及其风化产物构成。对该滑坡壁、滑坡床、滑坡体的结构特征及滑坡的拉张裂缝、滑坡洼地、醉林与马刀树等变形特征进行研究，结合滑坡形成的地质构造、地层岩性、地形地虢、气象水文等因素分析认为，该滑坡的形成过程专裂隙构造破坏花岗岩体的稳定性，形成易于脱离基岩的滚石；斜坡地形使其在重力作用下堆积于沟谷中，形成大小滚石及砂土杂乱堆积的滚石堆；雨水及地下水带走了堆积体内的砂土和细小滚石，使其成为空洞发育、大滚石相互支撑的滚石堆。风化及暴雨的冲刷作用，使滚石失衡、崩塌。在滑坡区中后部、坡度较陡的南、北两侧，形成塌陷洼地，在重力作用下诱发整个滑坡体，沿斜坡下滑。滑坡体的展布面积约由1．03万m^2，总体积1．6万m^3。采用传递系数法对滑坡的稳定性进行了定量计算及稳定性评价。得出，在饱水状态下，滑坡稳定性差，地质灾害危险性大。论文提出了设置排水工程、支挡工程、坡面防护、在空洞处灌浆以及人工炸石等治理和防护措施。     

灰色关联度法和距离判别分析法在溪洛渡库区潜在滑坡判识中的应用

以溪洛渡库区深入研究的14个典型滑坡为研究对象,在初步建立潜在滑坡判识指标的基础上,运用灰色关联度理论优选确定了影响库区潜在滑坡孕育的8个关键主控因素:坡面平均坡度、滑体内冲沟切割程度、洼地封闭状况(或排水条件)、滑面平均倾角、滑面形态、下滑段长度与总滑面长度之比、滑体结构及近期活动迹象,并依据距离判别分析的理论和方法,建立了溪洛渡库区潜在滑坡的距离判识模型。该判识模型对库区5个待判滑坡样本和9个滑坡学习样本的判识准确率均达到了100%。     

1933年叠溪地震滑坡

1933年8月25日15日50分四川省茂县叠溪发生7．5级地震，诱发了一系列不同规模的崩塌、滑坡、碎屑流，致使岷江及其支流十几处被堵塞，造成巨大灾害。至今还保存一系列堰塞湖（当地称“海子”）。其中岷江上游的大海子最大水深近100m，蓄水量约7000多万m^3；小海子最大水深70m，蓄水量约4500多万m^3。     

鄂尔多斯盆地地下水勘查成果丰硕

1,遥感解译：利用38景LandsatETM(TM)卫星遥感图像数据，制作了全盆地1：100万、1：50万和1：25万遥感影像图；对地貌类型、地表水体、地质构造、岩石类型、植被覆盖度进行了专题解译。解译各类水体总数达446个，水域总面积为1907km^2。其中，面积大于3．5km^2的湖泊为94个。圈定了区内积水洼地的范围，面积为4691km^2。     

基于Fisher判别分析法的潜在滑坡判识模型及其应用

针对古(老)滑坡,选取地貌特征(包括地形坡度、沟谷切割状况、洼地封闭状况、前缘临空状况)、滑面特征(包括滑面倾角、滑面形态、滑面阻抗比)、滑体结构和近期活动迹象4大类9个指标作为潜在滑坡的判识指标,然后依据Fisher判别分析的理论和方法,建立了潜在滑坡的Fisher判识模型.实例分析结果表明,Fisher判别方法预测准确率高达100%,回判估计的误判率仅为5%,是一种有效的潜在滑坡判识方法.     

Morishita播散指数在滑坡时空分布特征研究中的应用

介绍了Morishita播散指数Iδ的原理和方法及在滑坡时空分布中的应用，以陕南、陇南地区为例，计算了该区大于10^5m^3不稳定滑坡Iδ（l）和Iδ（t）值，表明该区滑坡的空间形态呈非随机的丛集分布，曲线的“峰”和“谷”为滑坡的多发年份。     

金沙江水电工程区（宜宾—白鹤滩段）岸坡变形破坏特征及其与赋存环境的相关性

金沙江向家坝库区长约410km的沿江地带，共发育349个变形破坏体（滑坡、崩塌和变形体），总体积31．49亿 m 3，其中体积大于 1000万 m 3的崩滑体有47个。岸坡变形破坏密度 D和模数 B分别达 0．35个／km和316．95万 m 3。对岸坡变形破坏体及其所处的环境特征研究表明，变形破坏体与其所在地层岩性、地质构造、地形条件、岩体结构特征及近期河流地质作用等环境因素共同作用密切有关。系统研究变形破坏体及其与这些环境因素的相互关系，有助于剖析岸坡失稳的成因机制，对岸坡失稳的预测、预防和工程治理具有重要的理论和指导意义。     

四川达县岩门村特大型顺层滑坡

滑坡岩体为中生代红层,砂岩及泥岩互层,缓倾顺层。2007年6月中旬以来遭受强降雨,累积达300mm以上,7月7日发生滑动,滑坡长1·5km,宽1·0km,厚10~15m,体积约2000多万m3,受灾村民552户,共2251人。滑坡区分布有古滑坡,后缘为古崩滑堆积体,强降雨期间,由于后缘堆积体滑动加载,导致岩     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861