延长川口油田水力压裂水平缝垂直缝的判别

针对川口油田长4+5层注水水淹方向比较多、人工裂缝是水平缝还是垂直缝一直存在争议的情况,通过对岩芯地应力、天然裂缝、岩性平面非均质性、岩石抗张强度等的综合分析,得出该区的人工裂缝主要为垂直缝,垂直裂缝可在各个方位分布,但以东西向为主,这一认识得到了地面微地震、大地电位法监测结果及生产动态资料分析的证实.     

镇泾油田长8与长6油层组产能影响因素分析

通过岩芯观察描述、铸体薄片鉴定、毛细管压力分析以及扫描电镜等分析测试手段,结合测井解释成果,分析了镇泾油田长6与长8油层组油井产能的差异及其影响因素。结果表明:沉积相带、储层微观特征、裂缝发育程度、封盖条件以及储层伤害等是决定镇泾油田油井产量的关键因素。因此,在镇泾油田长8和长6油层组开发过程中,应根据不同沉积相带及其储层特征的差异,从改进油井施工工艺等方面入手,调整开发方案,改善储层的渗流能力,从而提高油井的产能。     

青平川油田储层地质特征与注水开发试验

通过对岩石矿物、储层物性、油层敏感性和水驱油效果分析,在储层地质研究基础上,评价青平川油田长2油藏注水开发效果。研究结果表明,长2油藏含油砂岩以细粒长石砂岩为主,粘土矿物中绿泥石含量较高。储层物性差,属于典型的低渗透岩性油藏。水驱油实验结果表明,青平川油田长2油层水驱油效果较好,油田最终驱油效率可达49.4%。先导性注水试验表明,注水开发可以使青平川油田产量在较短时间内得到大幅度提高,在注水后的第4到第7个月达到产量高峰期,第8个月后进入稳产期。油田注水开发产量递减规律分析表明初始递减律为0.019 1(1/月)。根据青平川长2油藏实际情况,认为注水开发能达到提高采油速度和油田最终采收率的目的。     

伊拉克B油田Mishrif组碳酸盐岩储层微裂缝特征

裂缝是碳酸盐岩储层中常见的储集空间类型,发育程度影响油气在开发中的渗流特征。以伊拉克东南部B油田Mishrif组海相碳酸盐岩储层为例,利用岩心观察、薄片及岩心分析资料,结合阵列声波测井、地震解释及生产动态资料,研究B油田Mishrif组储层裂缝特征,分析裂缝发育控制因素及其对注水开发的影响。结果表明:研究区Mishrif组储层以孔隙型为主,局部发育宏观与微观微裂缝,其中宏观裂缝以构造缝为主,微观裂缝包括颗粒破裂缝、溶蚀缝及压溶缝。岩心及阵列声波测井显示研究区裂缝具有一定的渗流能力。研究区微裂缝的发育受岩性、构造应力场及成岩作用的影响。对于注水开发,微裂缝的发育既可以提高生产井的产能,又能促使注入水快速突破。合理控制注水井注入量,可以延缓注入水突破时间,提高油藏开发效果。该结果对相似碳酸盐岩油藏开发具有指导意义。     

致密储层源储结构对储层含油性的控制作用——以鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区长6～长8段为例

鄂尔多斯盆地长6～长8段致密油是中国典型的致密油分布区。源储紧密接触是致密油的典型特征与成藏条件。致密油层非均质性强,石油运移多以垂向短距离为主。已有研究表明,储层非均质性是影响鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区剩余油分布的重要因素,但是目前对合水地区储层含油性影响因素的研究很少。通过分析合水地区长6～长8段源储结构及其与含油性的关系,研究其对储层含油性的控制作用。结果表明:合水地区长6～长8段源储结构复杂,长7段为源储一体型岩性组合,可细分为源夹储型、源储互层型与储夹源型3种类型,长6与长8段为研究区主要储层,与烃源岩形成邻源型岩性组合,细分为源储接触型、源储过渡型与源储间隔型3种类型;长7段源夹储型岩性组合的含油性最好,长6与长8段源储接触型岩性组合的含油性最好,最有利于致密油聚集;长6～长8段形成干酪根网络→孔隙+微裂缝型、干酪根网络+构造裂缝→孔隙+微裂缝型两种石油运移通道组合,为致密油充注提供有利的通道网络。     

低渗透油田油井见水规律分析

为了解决低渗透油田不规则面积注水井网中油井见水时间的计算及其影响因素的定量表征问题,将面积注采井网单元细分为一源一汇三角形最小计算单元,运用非达西渗流流管微元法得到不同面积注采井网类型条件下的生产井见水时间计算通式.以鄂尔多斯盆地X油田为例,研究井网类型、储层非均质性和裂缝发育程度对低渗透油田油井见水时间的影响,并通过统计回归得到沿裂缝方向、裂缝半长与油井见水时间之间的经验公式.结果表明:储层非均质性和裂缝规模对油井见水时间的影响最大,井网类型对其影响程度最小;不规则井网或油井所在最小三角形井网单元差异较大时,油井见水存在一个阶梯上升规律;油井见水时间与裂缝半长呈幂指数减小关系.     

鄂尔多斯盆地直罗油田长6油层组成岩作用及孔隙演化研究

位于鄂尔多斯盆地的直罗油田三叠系延长组长6油层组为近年来新开发的一个主力油气产层。岩石学和成岩作用特征研究表明,直罗油田长6油层组以细粒长石砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩为主,砂岩经历了机械压实作用、胶结作用、交代作用和溶蚀作用等成岩作用,成岩作用处于晚成岩阶段A期。成岩作用控制了储层砂岩孔隙发育特征,其中压实作用与胶结作用是导致储层超低渗的主导因素,而次生溶蚀孔隙的形成对储层砂岩物性具有一定改造作用,并控制了该区长6油层组相对高孔高渗储层的展布特征。     

安塞油田长6油层组长期注水后储层变化特征

在注水开发模拟实验及现场测试资料的基础上,以压汞实验、物性测试等方法对模拟实验前后岩芯进行分析,研究了安塞油田长6油层组长期注水开发后储层特征变化规律及成因。结果表明,随着注水量增加,渗透率总体明显降低,渗透率平均变化4.72%;水驱后孔隙度平均增加0.15%,而孔隙组合类型未发生明显变化;退汞效率平均降低4.39%;喉道中值半径变小但分布类型没变化;储层润湿性整体向亲水方向发展。低渗透储层特征发生变化的机理主要是:储层中颗粒和填隙物在注入水的冲刷作用下发生溶解、破碎和迁移,一部分被水冲出,一部分滞留在细喉道处形成堵塞,导致孔喉连通性变差,储层非均质性增强;注入水冲刷作用使储层岩石表面及孔喉表面性质发生变化,进而引起储层润湿性发生变化。     

西峰油田长8油藏致密油层与非油层注水差异性实验

针对西峰油田长8油层较厚而干层、水层等夹层较多,分层射孔难度大,射孔后实施笼统注水的实际,为明确注水过程中油层、水层、干层吸水的差异性,搞清油层吸水特征,选用30块岩心进行了并联水驱流动实验。研究结果表明,当油、水层渗透率相近岩心低压并联驱替时,早期产出水是水层水,后期产出水既有水层水也有油层水;在油层渗透率大于干层条件下合注水驱时,最早的产出水来自于油层,在干层出水后,产出水仍主要是油层水;在k_油=k_水>k_干条件下合注水驱,最早出现的产出水来自于水层,而不是油层或干层,随着驱替过程的进行,干层水和油层水相继产出;在k_油>k_水>k_干条件下在低压驱至残余油之前,最早的产出水是油层和水层共同产出的,之后干层水才产出。研究结果对于正确认识油层、水层及干层在互层合注条件下油层水淹规律与剩余油分布规律,制定合理开发措施有重要指导意义。      

辽东半岛南部盖层褶皱与构造演化

辽东半岛南部盖层在中生代的构造运动中经历了6次以上的构造变形。D1变形发生于中三叠世,是伴随盖层相对基底作自东向西大规模剪切滑脱而出现的以顺层面理、层流褶皱为代表的固态流变构造;紧随其后的是东西向挤压下形成的南北向复式褶皱;接着由南北向挤压形成东西向褶皱断裂系;自晚侏罗世晚期的D4变形开始出现了北东、北北东向以脆性断裂为主的构造格局。地幔隆起、基底较大幅度沉降决定的相对不稳定性,以及相邻构造块体之间的相互作用是造成本区盖层褶皱较其它地区地台盖层褶皱更加强烈和复杂的主要原因。     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied     

Advances in Polar Science CONTENTS(Volume 25,2014)

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Guide to Authors： Journal of Mountain Science

<正>AIMS AND SCOPE(Editorial Policy)The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is devoted to mountains and their surrounding lowlands-ecoregions of particular global importance,with a particular emphasis on the important highlands/mountains in the world,such as the Tibetan Plateau,the Himalayas,the Alps,the Andes,the Rockies and many other mountain ranges of our planet.     

Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)

<正>The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS),founded in2004,is an international English-language journal on mountain sciences.JMS is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),sponsored by the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,published by Science Press China,and distributed by Springer exclusively throughout the world(excluding Mainland China).The JMS is published bimonthly,fulltexted in SpringerLink and CNKI,indexed/abstracted by     

Relationship of Arctic sea ice and Northern Hemispheric 500 hPa Polar vortices

Using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis monthly 500 hPa height data on a 2.5 latitude-longitude grid and 1°×1° sea ice data,the polar vortex area,intensity index and arctic sea ice area index are calculated respectively,and the meridional distribution,period variation and the abrupts in the long range trend are analyzed to study their relationship.The results show that the meridional distribution of sea ice and polar vortex h-ave distinctive difference,the relative positions of them are different in the eastern and western hemispheres,and exept they have periods of 4 months,quasi half year,quasi year,4-5 years and 10 years commonly,and each of them has its own respective variation as well.The sea ice area is decreasing apparently since 1980's,so is the polar vortex area,but their abrupt changge time are different totally.The area of sea ice and polar vortex has prominent positive correlation,but the relationship of sea ice intensity,polar vortex intensity,polar vortex area is complicated.     

Author Index for Journal of Mountain Science Volume 11,2014,pp 1-1656

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Information for Authors

<正>The Journal of Ocean University of China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research)is a comprehensive academic quarterly sponsored by the Ocean University of China,published one volume per year.This journal is devoted to the publication of the theoretical and applied research