U-Pb zircon,Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd geochronology of high- to very-high-pressure meta-acidic rocks from the western Alps

Three meta-acidic rocks from the western Italian Alps, a magnesiochloritoid-bearing metapelite from the Monte Rosa massif, a coesite-pyrope-quartzite from the Dora Maira massif and the Monte Mucrone granite in the Sesia Zone, have been studied by U-Pb zircon, Rb-Sr on whole-rock, apatite and phengite and Sm-Nd wholerock methods. The mineral parageneses of the investigated rocks indicate high- to very-high-pressure and medium-to-high-temperature metamorphism. This combined isotopic study has enabled us to constrain the ages of magmatic and metamorphic events and also to compare the behaviour of U-Pb zircon systems in three intensely metamorphosed areas of the Pennine domain. The U-Pb zircon data have yielded a magmatic age for the Monte Mucrone granite at 286±2 Ma. This result confirms the occurence of late-Hercynian magmatism in the Sesia Zone, as in other Austro-Alpine units and in other areas of the European crystalline basement. In the Monte Rosa massif, a geologically meaningless lower intercept age of 192±2 Ma has been interpreted as an artefact due to a complex evolution of the U-Pb zircon system. The magmatic shape of the zircons implies a magmatic or volcano-sedimentary protolith for this rock, originally considered as a metasediment. The very-high-pressure metamorphism in the Dora Maira quartzite has produced an opening of the U-Pb zircon system at 121+12–29 Ma. The Rb-Sr data support the occurence of high-grade metamorphism during Cretaceous times. Phengites model ages are slightly younger than the U-Pb zircon lower intercept ages due to cooling phenomena or possible response of the phengites to a later deformation. The Nd model ages from the whole-rock samples, as well as the U-Pb upper intercept ages from zircons of all three investigated rocks, indicate the presence of Proterozoic crustal components inherited from the precursors of these meta-acidic rocks. The studied zircon populations and their U-Pb systems apparently showed open-system behaviour only when affected by extreme metamorphic conditions (700–750° C, > 28 kbar), whereas eclogite-facies conditions of 500–550° C and 14–16 kbar were not enough to disturb significantly the U-Pb zircon evolution. It is also probable that the sedimentary or magmatic origin of the protoliths of these meta-acidic rocks, which involved different characteristics such as grain-size and fluid phase concentration and composition, could be another important factor controlling the U-Pb zircon system behaviour during metamorphic events.     

赣中周潭群副变质岩碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学

对赣中周潭群副变质岩中的碎屑锆石开展了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年工作,两个石榴黑云母片岩和一个黑云母片岩三个样品中碎屑锆石给出的最年轻的年龄峰值分别为834±11Ma、830±11Ma和809±15Ma.这些碎屑锆石具有与江南造山带内冷家溪群及其相当地层类似的年龄谱型式和相近的最年轻的年龄峰值,表明周潭群应与它们有相似的形成历史和源区,产生于相似的构造环境.因此,周潭群在新元古代扬子地块与华夏地块拼接的过程中,应与冷家溪群、双桥山群等地层一样靠近扬子一侧,而不应属华夏地块.从黑云母片岩部分碎屑锆石的变质边获取的年龄分别为444±11Ma和438±11Ma,表明周潭群地层的变质作用发生在加里东期,与华夏地块其他地区的角闪岩相变质岩的变质年龄一致.相反,与周潭群同期的双桥山群、冷家溪群等地层均未达到角闪岩相变质.这表明,在扬子和华夏地块新元古代的拼接之后,二块体在(现在的)赣中地区又裂开,从而导致了周潭群和相邻的冷家溪群及双桥山群在加里东时期有不同的变质响应.     

滇西哀牢山岩群变沉积岩碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

出露于扬子板块与印支板块之间的哀牢山岩群中包含大量副片麻岩、大理岩、云母片岩和石英岩等变沉积岩,这些岩石对研究扬子板块西南缘构造演化具有重要意义。但有关哀牢山岩群的沉积时代、物质来源以及形成的构造背景等一系列问题长期以来存在着较大争议。本文选取哀牢山岩群内石榴黑云斜长片麻岩、石榴夕线黑云斜长/二长片麻岩和大理岩4件变沉积岩进行了锆石阴极发光和LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究。哀牢山岩群碎屑锆石具有明显或弱的振荡环带和较高的Th/U比值,指示其岩浆成因。年代学分析结果表明石榴黑云斜长片麻岩记录始新世末-渐新世(36.3~25.0Ma)哀牢山岩群部分熔融-岩浆活动,其余3件变沉积岩碎屑锆石均得到550~450Ma与900~700Ma两组峰值,其中片麻岩与大理岩中最年轻的碎屑锆石峰值分别为452Ma、461Ma和458Ma,指示哀牢山岩群沉积时代应不早于中奥陶世,而非原先认为的古元古代。碎屑锆石年龄分布特征表明哀牢山岩群物源区包含扬子板块西缘新元古代花岗岩和印支板块内泛非期花岗岩,支持前人提出的哀牢山岩群沉积于古特提斯分支洋盆——金沙江-哀牢山-马江洋拉张过程中沉积的观点。     

河北省宽城县孤山子超基性岩体锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素特征

华北克拉通北缘在早石炭世晚期—中二叠世出露大量中酸性侵入岩体,但基性-超基性岩体出露较少,因而缺乏对该时期地幔性质的认识。笔者对位于内蒙古地轴以南百余千米的孤山子超基性岩体开展锆石U-Pb定年、微量元素、Lu-Hf同位素组成测试分析。结果显示,孤山子超基性岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为296.9±2.6 Ma,为早二叠世的岩浆活动产物。锆石(样号:GSZ-B3)微量元素含量低,具有强Ce正异常和弱Eu负异常特征以及较低的εHf(t)=-1.9~-7.5(n=17),表明其源区主要为富集的岩石圈地幔。锆石tDM、tCDM远大于其U-Pb年龄,表明岩石圈地幔形成过程中有再造古老地壳加入。对比内蒙古地轴上的同时代波罗诺岩体含角闪辉长岩(297±1 Ma)的锆石εHf(t)(-17.0~-14.1),孤山子超基性岩体的锆石εHf(t)明显偏大,表明孤山子超基性岩体的源区富集程度相对较小。此外,孤山子超基性岩体还有2个锆石测点εHf(t)分别为3.2、4.0,指示母岩浆中有少量亏损幔源物质加入,这暗示了华北克拉通北缘局部地区,在晚古生代已有岩石圈拉张减薄的趋势。     

Pre-Alpine history of the pennine zone in the Tauern Window,Austria: U-Pb and Rb-Sr geochronology

Zircon ages from major lithologies of the Zentralgneis suggest that much of the Variscan magmatism in the Tauern Window is older than previously suggested. In the southeast Tauern Window a tonalite has been dated at 314±7 m.y. and a granodioritic biotite augen gneiss at 313±10 m.y. Two granodiorites from the Granatspitzkern yielded zircon data consistent with a similar age. These zircon data require re-interpretation of some previously published Rb-Sr whole rock ages and raise the possibility that Alpine metamorphism caused more widespread disturbance of Rb-Sr whole rocks than commonly supposed. Rb-Sr data on fabric-forming white micas from two banded gneisses give ages close to 220 m.y., indicating the foliation in these rocks is pre-Alpine and has not been greatly affected by Alpine recrystallisation.     

三江造山带兰坪盆地东缘火山岩锆石U-Pb年代学、Hf同位素组成

青藏高原东南缘"三江"复合造山带南、北两段发育若干火山-岩浆岩带,随着火山岩年代学、地球化学数据的积累,其时空关系渐趋清晰。但由于中-新生界沉积覆盖,这些火山岩带向南常终止于兰坪盆地附近,致使火山岩时空构架不明。兰坪盆地东部弥沙地区出露盆地基底岩石,由两个构造层组成,上部为碎屑岩及生物碎屑灰岩,下部出现大量火山碎屑物质。含火山岩段出露厚约150m,可分为三个喷发-沉积韵律,由流纹质熔结凝灰岩、晶屑岩屑熔结凝灰岩组成的火山碎屑岩与紫红、灰黑色泥岩、大理岩组成的沉积岩相间组成。火山岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb数据表明,岩浆活动始于或早于258Ma,一直持续到248Ma。锆石原位Lu-Hf分析结果显示,早期岩浆包含较多幔源物质,而晚期岩浆则几乎完全由古老地壳局部熔融形成。本文提供的新数据表明,兰坪盆地东缘火山岩与三江造山带其它地区古特提斯洋俯冲阶段火山岩具有一致的年代学组成、相同的Hf同位素变化规律,可能属于发育在扬子板块西缘之上江达-维西-云县弧火山岩带。     

温都尔庙群锆石的LA-MC-ICPMS U-Pb年龄及构造意义

温都尔庙群分布在内蒙古中部地区,分下部桑达来呼都格组和上部哈尔哈达组,通常被认为属于蛇绿岩套组合,形成时代也一直存在争论。详细的野外调查表明,温都尔庙群不完全是蛇绿岩组合,还发育洋内弧的玄武岩-玄武安山岩-安山岩组合。所以,温都尔庙群为一套包含大洋洋壳、洋内弧等不同时代和成因的增生杂岩。对温都尔庙群洋内弧变质安山岩及变质碎屑岩进行锆石LA-MC-ICPMS法U-Pb同位素测年表明:桑达来呼都格组上部洋内弧变质安山岩年龄为470±2Ma。哈尔哈达组两个样品(10NM142、10NM143)的碎屑锆石年龄主要集中在445~480Ma范围内,其中10NM143样品中最年轻谐和年龄多在424~438Ma之间,表明至少有一部分地层形成于中志留世。考虑温都尔庙群蛇绿岩形成时代(497~477Ma)、高压变质时代(446±15Ma~453±1.8Ma)及晚志留世西别河组不整合覆盖其上的事实,桑达来呼都格组可能形成于寒武纪-晚奥陶世,哈尔哈达组形成于晚奥陶世-中志留世。因此,温都尔庙群是形成于寒武纪-中志留世的变质增生杂岩。     

Geochemistry and zircon U-Pb geochronology of Miocene plutons in the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc,east Tafresh,Central Iran

ABSTRACT

The Tafresh plutons that include Ahmadabab diorite, Vasfonjerd monzonite, Mehrezamin diorite and Chahak diorite, located to the east of Tafresh city, north-central Iran, are part of Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc. U-Pb dating of zircon grains provides emplacement ages of 22.3 ± 1 Ma for the Ahmadabad diorite, and tightly clustered ages of 22.2 ± 0.2 Ma, 21.3 ± 0.2 Ma, and 21.7 ± 0.4 Ma for Vasfonjerd monzodiorite, Mehrezamin diorite-monzonite, and Chahak diorite-monzonite plutons, respectively. These rocks are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous, calc-alkaline, and characterized by enrichment in light rare earth elements, Nb-Ta negative anomalies, and high LILE/HFSE ratios. Tafresh plutonic rocks originated from a parental magma source and experienced different degrees of partial melting. Geochemical signatures of Tafresh plutonic rocks, such as a wide range of Y/Nb (2.7–8.4) and low Zr/Nb (19.5–35.) ratios, Nb/Ta (11.46–18.15), argue for mantle–crust interaction during generation of Tafresh magmas. Relatively low Nb/La ratios further indicate that the lithospheric mantle played a significant role in melt generation. HREE signatures (i.e. decrease Dy/Yb with increasing SiO₂) preclude substantial involvement of garnet either in the residue, both during partial melting and fractionation of the magma. The plutons are a product of final stages of subduction-related magmatism prior to the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian tectonic plates.     

陕南汉中地区新元古代岩浆岩U-Pb年代学

用单颗粒锆石U-Pb稀释法测定了扬子地块北缘汉南地区新元古代岩浆岩的年龄,获得孙家河组火山岩成岩年龄为840-820Ma,汉南侵入杂岩中五堵门复式花岗岩体中英云闪长岩的结晶年龄为764Ma＋2Ma,黄家营复式岩体中钾长花岗岩的结晶年龄为778Ma＋5Ma,表明扬子地块北缘汉南地区岩浆岩分别形成于新元古代晋宁期和澄江期。结合这些岩浆岩的地质和地球化学特点,认为其成因可能与华南新元古代裂解事件有关。     

U-Pb geochronology of basement rocks in central Tibet and paleogeographic implications

The ages and paleogeographic affinities of basement rocks of Tibetan terranes are poorly known. New U-Pb zircon geochronologic data from orthogneisses of the Amdo basement better resolve Neoproterozoic and Cambro-Ordovician magmatism in central Tibet. The Amdo basement is exposed within the Bangong suture zone between the Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes and is composed of granitic orthogneisses with subordinate paragneisses and metasedimentary rocks. The intermediate-felsic orthogneisses show a bimodal distribution of Neoproterozoic (920-820 Ma) and Cambro-Ordovician (540-460 Ma) crystallization ages. These and other sparse basement ages from Tibetan terranes suggest the plateau is underlain by juvenile crust that is Neoproterozoic or younger; its young age and weaker rheology relative to cratonic blocks bounding the plateau margins likely facilitated the propagation of Indo-Asian deformation far into Asia. The Neoproterozoic ages post-date Rodinia assembly and magmatism of similar ages is documented in the Qaidaim-Kunlun terrane, South China block, the Aravalli-Delhi craton in NW India, the Eastern Ghats of India, and the Prince Charles mountains in Antarctica. The Amdo Neoproterozoic plutons cannot be unambiguously related to one of these regions, but we propose that the Yangtze block of the South China block is the most likely association, with the Amdo basement representing a terrane that possibly rifted from the active Yangtze margin in the middle Neoproterozoic. Cambro-Ordovician granitoids are ubiquitous throughout Gondwana as a product of active margin tectonics following Gondwana assembly and indicate that the Lhasa-Qiangtang terranes were involved in these tectono-magmatic events. U-Pb detrital zircon analysis of two quartzites from the Amdo basement suggest that the protoliths were Carboniferous-Permian continental margin strata widely deposited across the Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes. The detrital zircon age spectra of the upper Paleozoic Tibetan sandstones and other rocks deposited in East Gondwana during the late Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic are all quite similar, making it difficult to use the age spectra for paleogeographic determinations. There is a suggestion in the data that the Qiangtang terrane may have been located further west along Gondwana’s northern boundary than the Lhasa terrane, but more refined spatial and temporal data are needed to verify this configuration.     

Rb-Sr dating of the Lackner Lake Complex,northern Ontario,Canada

The Lackner Lake Complex of northern Ontario consists of nepheline syenite and ijolite with associated bodies of apatite—magnetite rock and carbonatite. A whole-rock Rb-Sr isochron indicates that these rocks crystallized 1078 ± 7 Ma ago ($\text{λ}{}^{87}\text{Rb = 1.39·10}{}^{\mathrm{?11}}\text{a}{}^{\mathrm{?1}}$) and had an initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio of 0.070282 ± 0.00011. This date is slightly lower than a K-Ar date of 1090 Ma for biotite reported previously, but is in agreement with K-Ar dates of several nearby syenite-carbonatite complexes.     

冀东孤山子基性-超基性岩体锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学特征

对孤山子基性-超基性岩体的岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学和全岩地球化学等方面研究,确定了该岩体的形成时代、岩石成因及其形成的构造环境。该杂岩体主要由辉石岩和角闪辉石岩组成,元素地球化学上,贫SiO_2(34.28%~49.22%)、K_2ONa_2O、富MgO(4.54%~13.26%)特征,属碱性系列岩石。岩石稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式为轻稀土富集型,(La/Yb)_N=8.14~36.19,Eu异常不明显,稀土元素原始地幔标准化分布模式相似,为上地幔富集地幔熔融。岩石富集大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Ba、K)和LREE(如La和Ce),明显亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti)和HREE。样品Nb/U、Ce/Pb和La/Sm比值显示岩体经历了有限的地壳混染。锆石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究表明,岩石锆石U-Pb年龄分为3类:一类锆石U-Pb年龄为(1 392±10)Ma,应为孤山子超基性侵入体侵位过程中捕获的碎屑锆石;第二类锆石U-Pb年龄为(274.5±2.1)Ma,为岩浆侵位时形成的锆石;第三类锆石U-Pb年龄为(53.02±1.1)Ma,为热液锆石。研究认为,岩体的岩浆源区主要为亏损地幔,可能受晚古生代古亚洲洋俯冲洋壳的脱出流体迭加作用和地壳物质的混染。结合区域构造演化,认为岩体形成于古亚洲洋闭合后挤压向伸展转换的构造背景。     

甘肃大佛寺、金佛寺花岗岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf-O同位素和全岩地球化学特征及地质意义

走廊过渡带大佛寺花岗岩为弱过铝质(A/CNK=1.03~1.06),SiO_2(76.7%~78.9%)、全碱(Na2O+K2O=7.7%~8.3%)、Rb(303×10~(-6)~383×10~(-6))、Nb(32×10~(-6)~42×10~(-6))、重稀土(Yb~8×10~(-6))含量以及和FeOT/MgO(6.3~7.6)、Ga/Al(3×10-4)、Rb/Ba(3.0~6.2)比值较高,MgO(~0.1%)、CaO(0.5%~0.6%)含量较低,Ba、Sr、Eu、Ti强烈亏损,属A型花岗岩,其源岩可能为泥质岩。大佛寺花岗岩中锆石δ18O和εHf(t)值分别为7.8‰~8.6‰(平均8.24±0.13‰)和-4.8~-2.0,Hf同位素两阶段亏损地幔模式年龄1540~1717Ma,岩浆温度达到~820℃以上。北祁连造山带北缘金佛寺花岗岩为过铝质(A/CNK=1.0~1.1),SiO_2(65.5%~75.0%)、MgO(0.6%~2.2%)、Fe2O3(1.9%~5.2%)、TiO_2(0.3%~0.8%)含量变化较大,其主量和微量元素特征与北祁连造山带的柴达诺花岗岩相似,源岩可能包括杂砂岩和角闪岩。金佛寺花岗岩的锆石δ18O为7.4%~9.7‰(平均8.03±0.36‰),εHf(t)在-0.5~+1.9之间,Hf同位素两阶段亏损地幔模式年龄为1289~1439Ma,岩浆温度达到800~900℃。走廊过渡带大佛寺花岗岩、北祁连造山带北缘金佛寺花岗岩的锆石U-Pb SIMS年龄分别为426.1±2.8Ma、424.0±1.6Ma,不同构造单元发育同时期岩浆活动以及A型花岗岩的出现,表明在~425Ma北祁连洋盆已经闭合,北祁连造山带及邻区进入到后碰撞拉伸阶段。     

广东龙窝和白石冈岩体锆石U—Pb年代学、黑云母矿物化学及其成岩指示意义

龙窝和白石冈岩体位于近东西向展布的佛冈花岗岩带的东端,锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明,二者的形成年龄分别为(169.1±2.5)Ma和(157.8±2.3)Ma,它们是南岭地区燕山早期由壳幔相互作用形成的花岗质岩石的典型代表.本文在对岩体形成年龄精确测定的基础上,着重运用电子探针和原位激光探针技术,系统测定了二岩体中黑云母的主量和微量元素组成,并讨论了它们的成岩指示意义.电子探针主量元素测定结果表明,龙窝岩体中的黑云母较白石冈岩体中的黑云母富钛和镁,贫铁和铝,F、Cl等挥发组分含量低,黑云母主量元素组成指示龙窝岩体形成于相对高温氧化的介质环境.激光探针ICP-MS微量元素测定结果表明,黑云母是花岗质熔体中Rb、Ba、Nb、Ta及Sc、V、Cr、Co、Ni等元素的主要载体,而U、Th、Pb、Sr、Zr、Hf、Y等元素的含量则显著低于寄主岩.花岗岩中黑云母的稀土元素含量极低,不是影响全岩稀土特征的主要矿物相.黑云母的成分特征可以有效地示踪岩浆的分异演化程度及成岩物理化学条件,也可在一定程度上反演岩浆源区性质,但后者往往要结合其它资料(特别是同位素组成),才能得出更准确的信息.     

Diffusion versus recrystallization processes in Rb-Sr geochronology: Isotopic relics in eclogite facies rocks, Western Gneiss Region, Norway

Rb-Sr and U-Pb isotopic data for granulite facies rocks, forming textural relics with respect to eclogite facies metamorphism in the Western Gneiss Region (WGR) of Norway, highlight the importance of textures and mineral reaction kinetics for the interpretation of geochronological data. Studied rocks from Bårdsholmen, southern WGR, were subjected to granulite facies metamorphism at 955 ± 3 Ma (U-Pb, zircon). Later on, they experienced a subduction-related, kinetically stranded eclogitization (T > 650 °C at ∼20 kbar) at 404 ± 2 Ma (Rb-Sr multimineral internal isochron data), followed by exhumation through amphibolite facies conditions. Full conversion of granulite to eclogite was restricted to zones of fluid infiltration and deformation. Despite the fact that metamorphic temperatures vastly exceeded the commonly assumed ‘closure temperature’ for Rb-Sr in submillimeter-sized biotite for several Ma during eclogite facies overprint, Sr-isotopic signatures of relic biotite have not been fully reset. Large biotite crystals nearly record their Sveconorwegian (Grenvillian) crystallization age. Sr signatures of other granulite facies phases (feldspar, pyroxenes, amphibole) remained unchanged, with the exception of apatite. The results imply that isotopic signatures much closer correspond to the P, T conditions of formation recorded by a dated phase and its paragenesis, than to a temperature history. In texturally well-equilibrated high-grade rocks which experienced no mineral reactions and remained devoid of free fluids during exhumation, like granulites or eclogites, isotopic resetting during cooling is either kinetically locked, or restricted to sluggish intermineral diffusion which demonstrably does not lead to full isotopic homogenization. In texturally unequilibrated rocks, textural relics are likely to represent isotopic relics. It is shown that for both high-grade rocks and for rocks with textural disequilibria, geologically meaningful isotopic ages based on isochron methods can only be derived from sub-assemblages in isotopic equilibrium, which have to be defined by analysis of all rock-forming minerals. Conventional two-point ‘mica ages’ for such rocks are a priori geochronologically uninterpretable, and valid multimineral isochron ages a priori do not record cooling but instead date recrystallization-inducing processes like fluid-rock interaction.     

西准噶尔包古图地区地层火山岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究

包古图地区位于西准噶尔东南部,区内出露地层主要为石炭系太勒古拉组、包古图组和希贝库拉斯组,为一套巨厚的半深海相-大陆坡相火山-火山碎屑沉积建造。这套地层的时代归属和地层层序长期以来一直存在争议。本文报导了包古图地区实测地层剖面,并从太勒古拉组玄武岩和包古图组及希贝库拉斯组凝灰岩中分别选出锆石,进行了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究,获得²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄分别为357.5±5.4Ma、332.1±3.0Ma和336.3±2.5Ma。由此确定这套地层属于早石炭世的杜内阶到维宪阶,由下到上依次为太勒古拉组、包古图组和希贝库拉斯组。     

苏鲁-大别超高压岩石中锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年研究——综述和最新进展

如何建立苏鲁-大别超高压岩石深俯冲-超高压-快速折返过程连续而完整的P-T-t轨迹及精细的年代谱系,是目前地学界研究的热点。而变质锆石是否记录深俯冲石英榴辉岩相进变质阶段的年代学信息和超高压峰期变质时代的准确归属,是目前苏鲁-大别超高压变质带需要深入研究的核心问题。本文在对前人同位素年代学方面所取得的成果进行系统总结的基础上。采用锆石中矿物包体激光拉曼和电子探针测试、锆石阴极发光图像成因分析以及SHRIMP U-Pb定年等综合研究手段,确定苏鲁-大别地体榴辉岩及其强退变质围岩在深俯冲-构造折返过程中主要经历了四个阶段的变质演化:深俯冲石英榴辉岩相进变质(Ⅰ)、超高压峰期变质(Ⅱ)、构造折返初期石英榴辉岩相退变质(Ⅲ)和构造折返晚期角闪岩相退变质(Ⅳ)。研究发现,扬子板块(中)新元古代巨量的陆壳物质在早三叠纪(246～244Ma)俯冲到华北板块之下约65km的深处。发生了石英榴辉岩相进变质,相应的变质温压条件为T=542～693℃,P=1.7～2.02GPa。这些高压石英榴辉岩相岩石在中-新三叠纪继续向下俯冲,在235～225Ma期间,俯冲的深度至少达到了170km的地幔深处,并发生了峰期柯石英榴辉岩相超高压变质,相应的变质温压条件为T=722～866℃,P>5.5GPa。苏鲁-大别超高压地体自石英榴辉岩相进变质阶段到超高压峰期变质阶段的俯冲速率为7.0km/Myr。这些超高压岩石在219～216Ma期间,发生了第一次构造抬升至75km的深处,并经历了石英榴辉岩相退变质作用的改造,退变质温压条件为T=730～780℃,P=1.7～2.6GPa。这些退变质岩石在212～205Ma期间,又经历了第二次抬升至25km中-下地壳深处,并叠加了角闪岩相退变质作用,该阶段变质温压条件为T=610～710℃,P=0.7～1.2GPa。苏鲁-大别超高压地体两次构造抬升的速率大致相同,为5.6km/Myr。该项成果不仅确定了苏鲁-大别榴辉岩及其强退变质岩石深俯冲过程石英榴辉岩相进变质-超高压峰期变质、构造折返过程石英榴辉岩相-角闪岩相退变质连续而完整的变质演化P-T-t轨迹及精细的年代谱系,而且对于重新建立苏鲁-大别巨量陆壳物质快速超深俯冲-快速折返的动力学模式有着重要的科学意义。     

秦岭山阳-柞水地区燕山期中酸性侵入岩地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及Lu-Hf同位素组成

秦岭山阳-柞水地区广泛出露燕山期中酸性花岗(斑)岩体,并有大量与其相关的斑岩-矽卡岩型Cu-Mo-Fe、Cu-AuFe矿化。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果表明,与矿化密切相关的斑岩体形成于144.6~141.5Ma。岩石地球化学分析结果表明,这些花岗(斑)岩体SiO2含量为55.73%~67.80%,K2O含量为2.52%~6.40%,Na2O含量为1.94%~5.19%,Al2O3含量为14.61%~16.10%,FeOT含量为2.1%~9.0%,MgO含量为1.32%~5.52%,主体显高钾钙碱性准铝质特征。A/CNK1.1,P2O5与SiO2负相关,Mg#平均为49,含有角闪石、黑云母、榍石、磁铁矿等矿物,属I型花岗岩类;稀土元素分异明显,无明显Eu异常;富集K、Rb、Sr、Ba等大离子亲石元素,Nb、Ta、Ti、P和Hf等高场强元素亏损,属后碰撞型花岗岩。岩体的锆石εHf(t)为-4.5~+1.78,平均为-0.87,表明其岩浆源区为地壳物质的熔融岩浆与幔源岩浆的混合,且以地壳熔融成份为主;Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄(t DM2)为1479~1084Ma,表明其壳源源区物质可能形成于中晚元古代(1.4~1.0Ga)。     

U-Pb geochronology of zircons from metasediments of the Ladoga Group (North Ladoga Region,Baltic Shield)

During our study we obtained the first age datings of detrital zircons from metasandstones of the Ladoga Group (North Ladoga Region, Russia) with the U-Pb isotopic method using the SHRIMP-II ion microprobe. The data obtained made it possible to clarify the lower age limit of sedimentation and to obtain additional age data for evaluating the chemical composition and an age of source areas. This work presents the results of isotopic-geochemical (Sm-Nd) and geochemical studies of metasediments. High LREE concentrations, a high La/Sc ratio and a low Cr/h ratio, and the presence of a distinct Eu-minimum (Eu/Eu* = 0.54–0.72) indicate a significant role of acidic terrigenous material in source areas. In addition, the data of the isotope analysis of detrital zircons show that sediments of the Ladoga Group accumulated from the destruction of Proterozoic rocks (1.9–2.0 Ga; a proportion in sediments is 60–70%) and, to a lesser extent, Archean rocks (2.54–2.74 and 2.9–3.01 Ga; the proportion in sediments is 30–40%). One of the Archean source areas could be granite-gneisses of the Pitkyaranta-Koirinoya dome structure with the U-Pb zircon age of 2659 ± 15 Ma. We have established the lower age limit of sedimentation as 1.9 Ga within the measurement error. The Sm-Nd model ages obtained (2.5–2.6 Ga for sediments of the Ladoga Group and over 3.4 Ga for granite-gneisses of the dome structure) suggest a significant contribution of ancient crustal source area into source rocks. Our age data agree well with those for svecofennides of Finland.     

阿尔泰南缘可可托海地区二厂房岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石成因及其地质意义

对出露于阿尔泰造山带南缘可可托海地区二厂房岩体中的黑云母花岗闪长岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和岩石地球化学分析。结果显示,锆石的²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄加权平均值为398.0±3.5 Ma（MSWD=1.3）,表明该岩体形成于早中泥盆世。岩体的SiO₂含量介于65.40%～69.31%之间,里特曼指数值为1.27～1.65,A/CNK值为0.92～1.02,属中钾、钙碱性、准铝质岩石。具有富集Cs、Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,相对亏损重稀土元素和Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等高场强元素,负Eu异常明显（δEu=0.48～0.65）的岛弧岩浆岩特征。结合区域地质资料,认为二厂房岩体形成于陆缘弧构造环境,是在古亚洲洋俯冲过程中,幔源的基性岩浆底侵下地壳后使之熔融并发生了岩浆混合作用的产物。