发射信号不完善性对卫星导航系统内及系统间干扰的影响分析

研究了3种典型的卫星发射信号不完善性——载波泄漏、互调失真和杂散辐射对于卫星导航信号的接收所带来的干扰,通过信号建模以及谱分离系数、码跟踪谱灵敏度系数和等效载噪比的解析计算对干扰效果进行量化分析;针对GPS和Galileo系统L1/E1频段的信号进行了多层次的仿真计算,给出了综合考虑噪声、信号损耗、外源干扰、GNSS系统内和系统间干扰,以及3种信号不完善性单独作用、两两组合和综合作用下的结果,其中对于GPS L1C/A短码考虑了电文调制对线谱的影响。结果表明,当总的不完善干扰功率水平达到一定程度后,其对接收机信号捕获跟踪和解调的影响大于系统间干扰,不能忽略。     

基于密度聚类的北斗卫星导航弱信号自动捕获方法

在外界射频信号、导航接收机混频处理噪声的影响下，为了有效捕获北斗卫星导航弱信号信息，提出基于密度聚类的北斗导航弱信号自动捕获方法.使用密度聚类得到BDS信号来源的聚类中心，结合聚类中心设计卫星波束方向，约束卫星导航信号接收范围，抵御干扰信号的空域干扰；通过基于小波阈值方法去除波束抗干扰作用下导航信号的噪声信息；采用相关函数模值计算方法计算去噪后导航信号和已知弱信号之间相关性，相关性大于门限值时说明去噪后导航信号为弱信号.实验结果表明，在外界射频信号和混频器干扰下，此方法具备自动捕获北斗卫星导航弱信号的能力.     

基于Matlab/Simulink的数字中频GPS信号软件模拟器

在对中频GPS信号理论建模与分析的基础上，采用Matlab／simulink构建了一种精确的数字中频GPS信号软件模拟器，考虑了噪声、欠采样以及接收机时钟误差等的影响。软件模拟器的实现采用matlab代码编程与Simulink模型混合的方式，方便了不同算法的实现。与射频GPS信号模拟器相比，该软件模拟器具备设计灵活、可扩展、易于使用等诸多优点。     

基于变换域方法抑制线性调频干扰的GPS接收机设计

GPS接收机的信号通常很微弱,很容易受到有意或无意的干扰。对于线性调频干扰,在GPS接收机中很难用单一的时域或频域方法消除,因为线性调频干扰不同于一般的宽带或窄带干扰。另外线性调频干扰在变换域有不同于GPS C/A码的显著特征,基于此特点设计了一种在变换域抑制线性调频干扰的GPS接收机。分析了线性调频干扰在变换域的特征,仿真结果验证了这种设计方法的可行性。     

GPS接收机内噪声水平的评价与检测方法

结合三台Trimble4000se型单频GPS接收机检测实例,提出了GPS接收机内噪声水平分布统计的评价方法,以及在超短基线场内GPS接收机内噪声水平的检测方法——多时段旋转检测台法、实例测试,按本论文方法得到的被测试GPS接收机内噪声水平标准差为0．38mm。由测试实例得到如下结论:GPS接收机内噪声水平评价方法以及检测方法更加合理、可信;在超短基线场内多时段测得的同一基线长度互差应小于2mm;GPS接收机系统软件对内噪声水平有着非常重要的影响。     

GPS接收机内噪声水平的评价与检测方法

论文结合某品牌GPS接收机检测实例,提出了GPS接收机内噪声水平分布统计的评价方法,以及在超短基线场内GPS接收机内噪声水平的全新检测方法———多时段旋转检测台法。实例测试,按本方法得到的被测试GPS接收机内噪声水平标准差为0.38mm。由测试实例得到如下结论:本文的GPS接收机内噪声水平评价方法以及检测方法更加合理、可信;在超短基线场内多时段测得的同一基线长度互差应小于2mm;GPS接收机系统软件的抗噪性能对内噪声水平有着非常重要的影响。     

风云三号D卫星GPS信号功率调整及干扰分析

全球定位系统(global positioning system,GPS)卫星的IIR和IIF卫星能够在各个信号分量之间重新分配其发送信号的功率,一个或多个GPS信号可以在指定区域根据需要进行功率调整或者关闭。分析GPS信号的变化特征对于地面和空间应用有重要的意义。风云三号D(FengYun-3D,FY-3D)卫星是中国极轨气象卫星之一,利用FY-3D卫星实际测量数据可以帮助GPS用户全面了解GPS功率调整的特点。首先,利用FY-3D运行轨道全球覆盖的特点分析GPS信号的强度,特别是GPS信号功率调整时间段信号变化的特点;然后,使用在轨数据研究了全球范围L波段信号干扰的特征,得到了干扰对全球导航卫星系统掩星探测仪掩星天线的自动增益控制和基底噪声的影响。结果表明：从2020-02-14开始的GPS功率调整以[35°N,37°E]和[35°N,69°E]为中心,覆盖半径约为7 500 km,在该区域内GPS P(Y)码功率增加约10 dB;GPS L1和L2频段在中东地区持续受干扰的影响,该区域的基底噪声比其他区域增加约3～10倍;干扰区域中心点和GPS功率调整区域中心点大致在同一位置。G...     

单片多频段GNSS射频接收机

NemeriX’s NX4单片多频段接收机是Nemerix公司推出的获得专利技术的射频接收机,它可使GNSS设备获得GPS、GLONASS和Galileo系统的所有频段的各个平行信号。这款高度集成的接收机通过一个射频前端接收机同步接收多达三种不同的频段,用于减少硅芯片面积以降低成本。     

一种基于FFT的GPS中频信号捕获方法

本文针对GPS导航接收机对定位信号快速捕获的要求,给出了基于FFT并行运算的GPS中频信号快速捕获方法,同时在非相干累加、接收信噪比、先验信息、弱信号等方面分析了提高中频信号快速捕获的关键技术。数据实验表明：基于FFT的快速捕获方法具有抗干扰、捕获速度快和可捕获低信噪信号的能力,满足GPS接收机快速定位的要求。     

多通道时间传递接收机NTSCGPS-1的研制与测试

近20年来，GPS共视(GPS CV)技术作为一种主要技术被用于TAI时间比对。GPS时间传递接收机是进行GPSCV时间比对的主要设备。介绍了中科院国家授时中心采用Motorola VP Oncore GPS OEM板、GT200计数器研发的高精度、多通道GIPS时间传递接收机NTscGPS-1的原理和特点。并通过实际观测数据分析，认为NTSCGPS-1的观测噪声水平与其它时间传递接收机相当，并有较好的兼客性。     

GPS radio holography as a tool for remote sensing of the atmosphere, mesosphere, and terrestrial surface from space

GPS radio occultation (RO) signals are highly coherent and precise, and thus sufficient for holographic investigation of the atmosphere, ionosphere, and the Earth's surface from space. In principle, three-dimensional radio-holographic remote sensing is possible by using new radio holographic equations to retrieve the radio field within the atmosphere from a radio field known at some interface outside the atmosphere. A simplified two-dimensional form of the radio-holographic equations which are developed under an assumption of local spherical symmetry can be used to obtain two-dimensional radio images of the atmosphere and terrestrial surface. To achieve this, radio holograms recorded by a GPS receiver onboard a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite at two GPS frequencies can be used and focused synthetic aperture principle applied. Analysis of GPS/MET RO data is presented to show the effectiveness of a radio-holographic approach. It is shown that the amplitude of GPS radio signals (in addition to phase data) can be used to obtain detailed altitude profiles of the vertical gradient of refractivity in the atmosphere and electron density in the mesosphere. The results demonstrate the applicability of GPS radio holography for a detailed global study of the natural processes in the atmosphere and mesosphere. Electronic Publication     

Investigation on the effect of strong out-of-band signals on global navigation satellite systems receivers

The mitigation of radio frequency interference (RFI) has a fundamental role in global navigation satellite system (GNSS) applications, especially when a high level of availability is required. Several electromagnetic sources, in fact, might degrade the performance of the global positioning system (GPS) and Galileo receivers, and their effects can be either in-band (i.e., secondary harmonics generated by transmitters of other communication systems due to non-linearity distortions) or out-of-band (i.e., strong signals that occupy frequency bandwidths very close to GNSS bands). We investigated the effects of real out-of-band signals on GNSS receivers and analyzed the impact on the overall receiver chain in order to evaluate the impact of the interference source. In particular, the analysis focuses on the spectrum at the front-end output, on the automatic gain control (AGC) behavior, as well as on the digital processing stages (signal acquisition and tracking) at the analog digital converter (ADC) output. This study refers to several experiments and data collections performed in interfered areas of downtown Torino (Italy). The obtained results underline how digital/analog TV transmissions represent a potential interference source for GNSS applications and might be critical for the safety of life services.     

基于多传感器的民航客机定位

为获取民航客机落地前的高精度位置,本文探讨了一种基于多传感器的民航客机高精度定位方法。在飞机飞行过程中,机载数据记录器会记录整个飞行过程中GPS接收机、无线电高度表、惯性导航系统等传感器数据;在飞机落地后,利用无线电高度表数据、GPS数据进行位置差分,再利用惯性导航数据进一步优化,可大幅提高落地前垂直定位精度。结果表明,通过本文方法在机场跑道入口前2 km,飞机定位精度大幅提高,垂直定位精度可以达米级,满足事后调查需求。     

一种低成本GPS/INS紧耦合组合导航系统

描述了一种低成本的GPS/INS组合导航系统,经过理论推导得到了系统具体的实现方法,并通过市场上大量使用的低成本GPS模块和MEMS陀螺和加速度计实现了该系统。实际路测数据结果显示,该系统基本达到了理论预期。     

超站式集成测绘系统STGPS的研究

介绍了超站式集成测绘系统STGPS的研究思想、研究目标、系统构成和功能;讨论了坐标转换和测绘基本服务问题;提出了无需作加密控制的即用即测作业模式。     

三星GPS接收机全地形RTK测量精度测试与应用的探索

将GPS,GLONASS、北斗(COMPASS)3种全球定位系统的接收功能集于一身的GPS接收机(以下简称:三星GPS接收机),能接收18颗以上卫星的定位信息,观测条件相对差时,在导航定位、RTK测量方面表现出巨大优势。本次测试中海达公司生产的H32,在各种观测条件下进行RTK精度测试,并对成果精度和观测地形进行对比分析。可以看出,环视图上,被建筑物遮挡50%以内,可完全正常作业;遮挡50~70%,能够得出固定解,但PDOP值会明显增大,可靠性降低。在城市、野外控制作业将降低对点位的要求,对减轻航测外业像控测量的工作量意义重大。     

Data transformation for super-totalstation positioning system integrated by GPS and totalstation

This paper focuses on the integration and data transformation between GPS and totalstation.It emphasizes on the way to transfer the WGS84 Cartesian coordinates to the local two-dimensional plane coordinates and the orthometric height GPS receiver,totalstation,radio,notebook computer and the corresponding solftware work,together to form a new surveying system(SPS) and a new surveying model for terrestrial surveying.With the help of this system,the positions of detail points can be measured.     

A USRP2-based reconfigurable multi-constellation multi-frequency GNSS software receiver front end

We present a multi-constellation multi-band GNSS software receiver front end based on USRP2, a general purpose radio platform. When integrated with appropriate daughter boards, the USRP2 can be used to collect raw intermediate frequency (IF) data covering the entire GNSS family of signals. In this study, C++ class-based software receiver processing functions were developed to process the IF data for GPS L1, L2C, and L5 and GLONASS L1 and L2 signals collected by the USRP2 front end. The front end performance is evaluated against the outputs of a high end custom front end driven by the same local oscillator and two commercial receivers, all using the same real signal sources. The results show that for GPS signals, the USRP2 front end typically generates carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N ₀) at 1–3 and 1–2 dB below that of the high end front end and a NovAtel receiver, respectively. For GLONASS signals, the USRP2 C/N ₀ outputs are comparable to those of a Septentrio receiver. The carrier phase noise from the USRP2 outputs is similar to those of the benchmarking devices. These results demonstrate that the USRP2 is a suitable front end for applications, such as ionosphere scintillation studies.     

GPS无线电掩星技术监测地球大气关键技术

介绍了国内外GPS无线电掩星技术研究进展。针对国内无线电掩星研究现状,从工程化角度出发,分析了国内实施该技术可能面临的多方面制约因素,包括：GPS接收机;星上存储介质和高速数据传输;星载接收机精密定轨;数据同化;星座卫星组网等。     

基于GPS单频软件接收机的捕获与跟踪算法实现

在分析基于软件无线电全球定位系统（GPS）接收机结构的基础上,研究了GPS单频软件接收机的捕获和跟踪算法,并基于MATLAB平台在PC上仿真了GPS单频软件接收机样机。信号捕获采用基于快速傅里叶变换（FFT）的并行码相位搜捕算法;信号跟踪联合使用超前滞后非相干延迟锁定环和科斯塔斯环的跟踪环结构。采用实测数据对信号捕获、跟踪算法进行了分析和验证。结果表明：仿真的GPS单频软件接收机具备基本的基带信号处理功能。