黔西红梅井田煤层气有序开发的水文地质条件

在多煤层含煤地层中,往往形成垂向上叠置发育的多个独立含煤层气系统,系统之间的相互干扰严重妨碍了煤层气井的有效排水降压。解决这一问题的关键,是查明不同系统之间水文地质条件的差异。基于水文地质勘探成果,分析了黔西织纳煤田红梅井田上二叠统含煤地层不同含煤段的水动力条件和水化学特征,提取视储层压力、压力系数、钻孔单位涌水量、渗透系数、影响半径等与煤层气开发相关的有用信息,发现不同含煤段之间的水文地质条件差异显著,垂向上可能发育与三级地层层序格架相吻合的多层叠置独立含煤层气系统,运用灰色关联分析建立了基于水文地质信息的煤层气开发条件评价因子。在此基础上,评价了不同含煤段的煤层气开发潜力,对煤层气开发顺序进行了概念性设计。研究认为,17~30号煤层段的煤层气开发条件优于其上、下2段,应优先开发,其次是6~16号煤层段;31号煤层至底部开发条件相对较差,应最后开发。     

鸡西煤田煤层气开发可行性分析

通过对鸡西煤田煤储层的分布、厚度、埋藏深度、圈闭条件、水文地质及构造条件等诸多影响煤层甲烷分布的地质因素分析,阐明了煤层甲烷开发的有利和不利条件,从而进一步探讨了煤层气开发的可行性。     

河东煤田煤层气开发前景初探

随着煤层气研究与开发的不断深入,越来越多的专家、学者认为河东煤田是我国在煤层气开发上最有可能取得突破的含煤盆地之一。笔者从河东煤田煤层气的资源条件,储层条件等方面进行分析,探讨了河东煤田煤层气开发的前景。     

宁夏甜水河煤田地下水模拟及涌水量预测

地下水模拟技术是进行煤田地下水环境影响评价和矿区疏干排水设计的主要工具。该文以宁夏甜水河煤田为研究对象,根据矿区地质条件和水文地质条件的分析,确定模型边界条件并建立了水文地质概念模型,应用基于有限差分法的MODFLOW程序,建立地下水流三维模型,进而对煤田各开采阶段的地下水流场和涌水量进行预测,从而为煤田地下水有效防治和安全生产提供依据。     

老厂矿区煤层及煤层气藏水文地质特征

根据老厂矿区特别是老厂四勘区煤田和煤层气勘探的基础资料,重点评价该区及煤层气的水文地质特征,为煤层气成藏条件研究及煤炭资源开采提供依据。     

淮南煤田煤层气成藏动力学系统的机制与地质模型研究

淮南煤田由次生生物成因和热成因气组成的混合型煤层气藏,受各种地质和水文地质条件的影响和控制。本文通过热流场和地温场、古构造应力场和原地应力场以及地下水动力场的系统分析,探讨了煤层气成藏动力学系统的形成机制,进而提出了相应的成藏地质模型。淮南煤田的煤层气藏虽然属向斜式(或盆心)聚气模型,但是,该模型强调,作为附加气源的次生生物气的补充,成藏动力学系统演化、构造样式和能量场的耦合关系,是混合型煤层气富集成藏的主因。      

镇雄县熊洞煤矿煤层气赋存特征及影响因素

镇雄县煤炭、煤层气资源丰富,充分利用熊洞煤矿煤矿瓦斯、煤层气实测资料,通过对研究区地质构造、煤层埋深及水文地质条件的分析,初步得出以古向斜轴部及压扭性断层周边煤层气含量高,运动的地下水溶解、运移甲烷,煤层气含量低,滞流的地下水封堵煤层气,含气量高的结论。建议熊洞煤矿开展煤层气勘探开发工作,获取评价参数并进一步深化煤储层煤体结构等研究。     

红茂煤田煤层气含量的地质因素分析

红茂煤田是广西煤层气资源丰富的地区之一。文中分析了影响煤层气含量的地质因素－地质构造煤层厚度及埋深,围岩性质,煤岩组分,煤变质程度,水文地质条件等,分别指出该煤田煤层气资源较丰富以及各矿区或井田分布不均衡的原因。     

河东煤田三交区块水文地质条件与控气特征

河东煤田中部三交区块煤层具有适合于煤层气开采的甲烷气藏量,通过对该区煤层气赋存特征、水动力场特征、水化学场特征分析,认为区块中南部地下水的滞留与封闭区是最具有煤层气开发前景的区域.煤层气井组排采试验资料表明,甲烷含量、裂隙发育程度、水动力条件三者的耦合是保证煤层气井稳定高产的充分必要条件.     

河南省煤层气储层压力特征及其形成机制

煤层气储层压力是煤层能量的具体表现形式之一,也是煤层气运移、产出的动力,它不仅影响煤层的含气量、煤层气的赋存状态,也影响着煤层的渗透性,从而制约着煤层气的开发。根据9口煤层气参数和试验井的试井资料,结合煤田勘探阶段的钻孔抽水试验资料,对河南省煤储层压力特征进行了系统研究。结果表明,河南省煤层气储层压力变化较大,从欠压到高压均有分布。储层压力是由地下水补给、运移和滞留造成的。在地下水径流区常形成欠压,在弱径流区和滞留区一般形成常压和高压。地下水作用下的煤层气运移不仅从地下水动力条件得到证实,而且从煤层气的成分和成因角度也得到验证。这种压力的形成机制与国内外商业化开发煤层气藏类似,异常高压区是煤层气富集和开发的有利区域。      

Coalbed Methane Enrichment Regularity and Major Control Factors in the Xishanyao Formation in the Western Part of the Southern Junggar Basin

There are abundant coal and coalbed methane(CBM)resources in the Xishanyao Formation in the western region of the southern Junggar Basin,and the prospects for CBM exploration and development are promising.To promote the exploration and development of the CBM resources of the Xishanyao Formation in this area,we studied previous coalfield survey data and CBM geological exploration data.Then,we analyzed the relationships between the gas content and methane concentration vs.coal seam thickness,burial depth,coal reservoir physical characteristics,hydrogeological conditions,and roof and floor lithology.In addition,we briefly discuss the main factors influencing CBM accumulation.First,we found that the coal strata of the Xishanyao Formation in the study area are relatively simple in structure,and the coal seam has a large thickness and burial depth,as well as moderately good roof and floor conditions.The hydrogeological conditions and coal reservoir physical characteristics are also conducive to the enrichment and a high yield of CBM.We believe that the preservation of CBM resources in the study area is mainly controlled by the structure,burial depth,and hydrogeological conditions.Furthermore,on the basis of the above results,the coal seam of the Xishanyao Formation in the synclinal shaft and buried at depths of 700-1000 m should be the first considered for development.     

洪山殿矿区煤层气富集条件

洪山殿矿区煤炭资源丰富,是湖南省近期煤层气开发的优先靶区之一。矿区含煤地层为晚二叠世龙潭组上段,煤类以贫煤为主,含有少量无烟煤,煤层镜质组含量高,微裂隙发育,顶底板封闭性好,地下水活动弱,特别是区内向斜构造发育,都为煤层气的富集提供了条件。矿区煤层气井测量显示,煤层气平均含气量16．04m^3/t,属极富气煤层。根据矿区构造发育特征,认为在向斜转折部位和未被裂隙破坏的背斜顶部,煤层气相对富集,是今后勘探开发重点研究区域。     

Research on sequence stratigraphy,hydrogeological units and commingled drainage associated with coalbed methane production: a case study in Zhuzang syncline of Guizhou province,China

Exploitation of coalbed methane (CBM) involves groundwater extraction to depressurize coal reservoirs. This can involve groundwater extraction from multiple coal seams (commingled drainage). Interlayer interferences, caused by heterogeneity of hydrodynamic fields of the different coal gas reservoirs, can restrain CBM production. Understanding of the hydrogeological characteristics of each reservoir, inseparable from characteristics of the sequence stratigraphic framework, is critical for CBM exploration. Analysis of Zhuzang syncline in Guizhou province, China, found gas- and water-blocking strata near the maximum flooding surface in the upper part of each third-order stratigraphic sequence; thus, the hydrogeological units were divided vertically (SQ4, SQ3, SQ2 and SQ1) by the boundaries of the third-order sequence. The commingled-drainage CBM wells were analyzed by numerical simulation and Extenics theory, on the basis of characteristics of the hydrogeological units. Gas content, reservoir pressure and hydrodynamic parameters were found to vary between the hydrogeological units. The interlayer interference was not obvious where there was commingled drainage within single hydrogeological units with similar hydrodynamic force; this was validated by observing the consistent pressure decrease within each reservoir using historical matching. Since the source of drainage water varied from stratum SQ3 to SQ4 (containing lower hydrodynamic force compared to SQ3), it was obvious that groundwater extraction from SQ4 was restrained by SQ3, by showing obvious interlayer interference and restrained CBM production during commingled drainage across the different hydrogeological units. Reservoirs within each single hydrogeological unit tend to obtain higher CBM yield, thus take priority for commingled drainage.     

鄂尔多斯盆地西缘桌子山矿区煤层气成藏模式

为了厘清鄂尔多斯盆地西缘桌子山矿区的煤层气成藏条件,对区内主力煤层的厚度、埋深、煤岩煤质、含气性、顶底板封盖性以及水文地质条件进行了系统分析。研究区煤层厚度较大、埋深适中、生烃物质基础丰富、含气量高、封盖条件较好,具有较有利的成藏条件。综合分析矿区构造形态、顶底板封盖性及水文地质条件,提出了断层与盖层封堵型、叠瓦扇式逆冲断层与水力封堵型、多煤层自封闭型3种煤层气成藏模式。      

黔西县新田井田瓦斯地质浅析

应用煤田地质和瓦斯地质的研究方法与手段,剖析了黔西县新田井田煤层瓦斯地质特征及含煤地层特征,认为该区在聚煤环境、沉积史、热演化及生烃史、水文地质条件等方面,已具备了形成气藏的有利条件。由于贵州省煤层气发展尚处于起步阶段,建议在条件具备时,对黔西煤层气作进一步勘探和开发。     

沁水盆地胡底井田地质特征及煤层气赋存规律

沁水盆地由于其良好的储气条件,多年来一直是国内外煤层气学者的研究对象。胡底井田位于樊庄区块的中西部,通过对其地质特征和煤储层的各项特征研究,探讨了区内煤层气的赋存规律及影响因素,得到以下认识：本区构造简单,煤层较厚且变质程度高,吸附能力强,含气量大,封存条件好,煤层气资源蕴藏丰富;受褶曲构造影响,在井田中部含气量较低,由中部向西含气量逐渐增高,向东含气量先增大后减小,南北方向也呈现起伏性变化;煤层气含量与煤层埋深基本呈正相关变化;煤层埋藏史、水文地质及煤层封盖等条件使本区形成了良好的煤层气富集区。     

Geological Controls on the CBM Productivity of No.15 Coal Seam of Carboniferous–Permian Taiyuan Formation in Southern Qinshui Basin and Prediction for CBM High-yield Potential Regions

Coalbed methane (CBM) resources in No.15 coal seam of Taiyuan Formation account for 55% of the total CBM resources in southern Qinshui Basin (SQB), and have a great production potential. This study aims at investigating the CBM production in No.15 coal seam and its influence factors. Based on a series of laboratory experiments and latest exploration and development data from local coal mines and CBM companies, the spatial characteristics of gas production of No.15 coal seam were analyzed and then the influences of seven factors on the gas productivity of this coal seam were discussed, including coal thickness, burial depth, gas content, ratio of critical desorption pressure to original coal reservoir pressure (RCPOP), porosity, permeability, and hydrogeological condition. The influences of hydrological condition on CBM production were analyzed based on the discussions of four aspects: hydrogeochemistry, roof lithology and its distribution, hydrodynamic field of groundwater, and recharge rate of groundwater. Finally, a three-level analytic hierarchy process (AHP) evaluation model was proposed for predicting the CBM potentials of the No.15 coal seam in the SQB. The best prospective target area for CBM production of the No.15 coal seam is predicted to be in the districts of Panzhuang, Chengzhuang and south of Hudi.     

东庞矿区2~#煤层含气性及控气因素

基于东庞矿区煤层气富集成藏条件,结合统计资料和实验测试数据,探讨了东庞矿区2#煤层含气性及其控制因素。结果表明:东庞矿区2#煤层含气量总体不高,大部分地区低于4m3/t,仅东北部小范围含气量较高,超过9m3/t,呈现西南低东北高,局部地段高瓦斯异常的赋气格局;煤储层埋深、区域构造和水文地质条件是2#煤层含气性的主要控制因素。     

准噶尔盆地东南部低煤阶煤层气富集条件及主控因素

准噶尔盆地煤层气资源丰富。其中,准东南地区煤层分布稳定,厚度大,埋深适中,含气性较好,是煤层气勘探有利区。 然而,准东南地区近年来的煤层气勘探没有取得理想效果,对低煤阶煤层气富集主控因素认识不足是其主要原因之一。本 文通过对煤层气地质特征和富集条件的分析,认为准南地区煤岩演化程度高,水文条件较好,有次生生物气及深部热解气 的补充,气源充足,富集条件好;准东地区尽管煤层厚度大,但煤岩演化程度低,地下水矿化度高,不具备生物气补充条件, 且缺乏区域盖层,富集条件较差,导致煤层含气量低。进一步分析认为,构造、水文和盖层是准南地区煤层气富集的主控因素, 有利的构造部位控制着深部热解气源,水文地质条件控制着次生生物气的补给,盖层控制了煤层气的保存条件。