基于GIS福建省级第三轮矿规数据库建设方法和问题探讨

结合福建省级第三轮矿产资源规划数据库建设实际工作,参考"矿产资源规划数据库标准""矿产资源规划数据库建设指南"及前人工作经验,总结利用GIS技术建设福建省级矿产资源规划数据库的方法。应用IDL GIS编程技术和VBA宏语言有效解决拐点坐标成图和坐标格式化处理问题,提高建库效率;并对建库过程存在的主要问题进行探讨,提出相应的对策或建议,为省级矿规数据库建设和福建省市、县级矿规数据库建设提供参考。     

基于MAPGIS的地质矿产勘查项目信息管理系统

以MapGIS为平台,二次开发实现了地质矿产勘查项目信息管理系统,并建立了重庆市矿产地和勘查项目库。该系统利用GIS技术合理规划矿产资源勘查,信息化管理矿产开发项目,为制定可持续发展的矿产资源开发利用方案提供辅助决策。     

辽宁省矿产资源规划数据库的建立

矿产资源规划数据库是“国家、省、市、县四级矿产资源规划管理信息系统”的重要组成部分.数据库包括空间数据和非空间数据两大类,涵盖了基础地理、基础地质、矿产资源现状、矿产资源规划等方面的内容.建立矿产资源规划数据库,为本地区地质调查和矿产资源管理的信息化建设,提供基础数据支撑.主要阐述了以MapGIS、ArcGIS及Microsoft Office等软件为工具,建立辽宁省矿产资源规划数据库的过程及注意事项.     

2005中国矿产开发及矿产品供需形势分析与建议

根据“2005中国矿产开发及矿产品供需形势分析与对策研讨会”所提供的信息，全面总结了我国主要矿产资源的供需情况、价格增长幅度和各主要矿产资源的保障程度，指出了目前我国矿业发展中存在的主要问题，并提出解决问题的合理化建议。     

全国性矿产地清理，初步摸清资源家底——《中国矿产地质志·中国矿产地分省图集（2020）》正式出版

为摸清中国矿产资源家底及其禀赋特征,主动对接服务国家规划,由陈毓川院士指导,中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所王岩、王登红、黄凡主编的,中国地质调查局"中国矿产地质志"二级项目及国家出版基金联合资助的《中国矿产地质志·中国矿产地分省图集(2020)》于近期正式出版.图集为8开版本,100页,印刷精美,色彩适宜,首次印制2000套.这是中国第一个全面反映全国各省矿产资源全貌的大型图集,基本摸清了中国矿产资源家底,为国家及省级矿产资源规划、国土空间规划、矿产勘查部署等提供了基础性资料和科学依据,为社会大众普及了中国矿产资源国情.     

英国矿产资源规划与战略研究

英国是世界上编制矿产资源规划较早的国家之一，它的规划体系已成为许多国家尤其是英联邦国家建立规划体系的蓝本。本文通过研究英国矿产资源规划体系与管理特征，分析矿产资源发展战略，总结英国矿产资源规划的经验和启示，为我国矿产资源规划编制与管理提出建议。     

基于ArcGIS矿产资源规划数据库建设方法及问题探讨

随着国土资源信息"一张图"建设的要求,国土资源部也相继出台了矿产资源规划数据库建设的相关规范。笔者在编制第二轮矿产资源规划过程中,基于ArcGIS平台直接建立矿产资源规划数据库所采用的一些方法及发现的一些问题,供大家探讨,同时也为我国第三轮矿产资源规划积累经验。     

基于SWOT分析的区域矿产资源竞争力研究

科学分析区域矿产资源竞争力、合理制定区域矿业发展战略和规划对合理、有序、高效、生态地开发区域矿产资源具有重要意义。本文介绍了SWOT分析模型在区域矿产资源竞争力分析中的工作方法和步骤,构建了包含15个评价指标的区域矿产资源竞争力评价指标体系,运用SWOT分析模型对青海祁漫塔格地区矿产资源开发竞争力进行了分析。结果表明:该区主要优势为区域规划及政策好、生态环境影响小、矿产资源总资源储量及成矿潜力大、矿产资源可利用性较好,主要劣势为外部运输和矿山生产建设条件差、整体生产成本高、区域矿床集中度低,综合分析得出祁漫塔格地区位于多元经营战略(ST战略)区域,整体区域资源开发竞争力较好。证明SWOT分析模型及本文构建的指标体系在区域矿产资源竞争力分析中具有适用性。     

基于GIS在矿产规划数据库建设中的应用——以甘孜州为例

自七、八十年代以来,我国地质矿产行业飞速发展,积累了许多宝贵的地质矿产资料成果。但是,我国传统的地质矿产资料主要通过纸质地图和文档对数据资料进行存储和管理。在信息技术和空间数据库高速发展的今天,传统的数据管理和存储方式已远远不能满足工作发展的需要。因此,目前地质矿产信息化的重要任务是怎样对矿产资源信息进行科学、高效的利用和管理。利用GIS技术,结合甘孜州第三轮矿产资源规划数据库的建立,以规划编制工作为出发点,对矿产资源规划空间数据库的建设进行了探讨和实践。     

“新疆天山地区大型矿产资源基地调查评价”项目实施

该项目是中国地质调查局“十五”期间部署的全国四个重点矿产资源调查计划项目之一,周期2002~2005年.项目实施的主要意义是贯彻中国地质调查局“统一规划、全面部署、整体推进、突出重点”的战略部署,新发现和评价一批国家急需的具有大型资源远景的矿产地,整体评价天山地区资源潜力,新发现一批大型—超大型矿床,为国家提供一批新的后备矿产资源勘查开发基地.为国家编制矿产资源规划,保护和合理开发利用矿产资源提供科学依据,并服务于我国经济和社会的可持续发展战略、国家资源安全战略和西部大开发战略.总体目标任务 在科技创新基础上,突出…     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

Report of the restudy of the defined global stratotype of the base of the Silurian System

The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

The Tendencies of the Development of the Mineral-Resources Sector at the Turn of the Century

Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base.     

Causes of the famine among the rural population of the Sahelian zone of the Sudan

Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators.     

东濮凹陷北部沙河街组三段中亚段沉积环境分析

东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。     

On the consistency of proposed models for the Pyrenees with the structure of the eastern parts of the belt

The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time.     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.