西藏聂拉木地区纳兴组深切谷充填序列特征及意义

西藏聂拉木地区纳兴组深切谷充填序列特征及意义李祥辉，王成善（成都理工学院，成都６１００５９）关键词充填序列，深切谷，纳兴组，亚里，聂拉木研究区纳兴组下部深切谷体系发育于西藏南部珠穆朗玛峰与希夏邦马峰之间地区，剖面位置西距希夏邦马峰约３５ｋｍ，位于聂拉...     

西藏林周旁多地区晚古生代层序地层特征

通过详细的层序地层研究，重建了冈瓦纳大陆北缘石炭－二叠纪层序地层序列，在详细的岩相，准层序研究的基础上，划分出2个二级层序和11个三级层序。研究区的含砾细碎屑岩系滨岩浅水冰筏（或浮水）沉积物经密度流再搬运到深水区的产物。旁多群上部滨岸河流相沉积层序的发现，为石炭－二叠纪冰期研究提供了新的沉积岩石学资料。     

The Origin of late Devensian sands and gravels,southeast Anglesey,N. Wales

The Lleiniog Sand and Gravel Formation, of late Devensian age, has been divided into four Members. The sediments are interpreted as the sequential products of the wasting of a single ice lobe. Member I formed where subglacial streams debouched into a pro-glacial lake and is noteworthy for the occurrence of a bedform, hitherto undescribed but which may be common in many outwash sequences; Member 2 consists of channel sands and gravels deposited by pro-glacial streams; Member 3 has the characters of a melt-out till deposited after a readvance; and Member 4 accumulated in pools of meltwater on the irregular surface of Member 3. Clasts above granule grade are dominantly of locally-derived Carboniferous rocks although a far travelled component from northern England and southern Scotland can be distinguished as well as a small but constant input of Lower Palaeozoic rock types from the Conwy area. The sand grade is dominated by quartz grains released from Permo-Triassic sandstones. Clay grade material has been derived from Carboniferous shales.     

The RbSr age dating of some Carboniferous shales

The RbSr age dating method has been applied to a sequence of Carboniferous shales for which some geochemical information was already available. In the marine shales, the Rb/Sr ratio is higher than in the non-marine and brackish water shales. Although the range of values can be attributed to depositional processes, the range of Rb/Sr values is too small to give a depositional isochron, and thus the age of deposition can not be determined. If samples with a variable mineralogy had been selected for the isotope study, the range of Rb/Sr could have been extended. Only by chance, however, would the depositional age have been obtained.A comparison of the RbSr isotope values in the Carboniferous shales with those in probable source rocks shows that a reduction in the Sr⁸⁷/Sr⁸⁶ ratio relative to the Rb⁸⁷/Sr⁸⁶ ratio may have taken place. Such a reduction could have occurred on the Carboniferous land-mass during the formation of the clay minerals.     

Relationship between water-soluble cations and palaeosalinity

Finely ground shale samples from a Carboniferous borehole sequence were shaken in water and the concentration of the water-soluble Na, K, Ca and Mg determined. The marine shales in the sequence were characterized by low concentrations of Na and K, and high concentrations of Ca and Mg. The reverse situation was found for the non-marine and brackish shales. The electrical conductivity of the water extract was higher for the marine shales than for the non-marine/brackish shales. It is suggested that the water-soluble cations were present in the sediment at the time of deposition as exchangeable cations which were released into the pore water during diagenesis as some of the exchange sites were eliminated.     

宁夏北部沙巴台地区太原组沉积层序及其年代地层对比

宁夏北部沙巴台地区的太原组为海陆交互相和三角洲相沉积 ,可划分为 2个三级层序、 4个副层序组和 1 8个副层序。与华南海相沉积层序的对比表明太原组属晚石炭世 Gzhelian晚期至早二叠世 Artinskian中期。下二叠统 Asselian阶的底界 (即 C/P界线 )大体与太原组下部层序的初始海泛面一致 ,可广泛对比。     

Lithology and conditions of the formation of Paleozoic rocks in northern areas of the Scythian Plate

The Paleozoic sequence recovered during the prospecting for oil and gas in different areas of the Scythian Plate is composed of terrigenous rocks (sandstones, siltstones, silty pelites, mudstones, shales, and phyllites) of different stages of alteration varying from late catagenesis to initial metamorphism. Their investigation allowed us to refine the sedimentation environment during different Carboniferous and Permian epochs at the southern margin of the East European Craton.     

广西桂中坳陷东缘早石炭世斜坡相层序地层研究

本文以桂中坳陷东缘斜坡相区早石炭世象州崖脚、运江剖面为主要研究对象,开展了桂中坳陷东缘斜坡相区早石炭世层序地层的划分和对比研究。根据斜坡相区三级层序的发育特点,将巴平组划分为5个三级层序(CSQ1~5),5个三级层序构成石炭系下部的二级层序。斜坡相区与台地相区早石炭世层序地层的划分基本一致,可实现相互对比。通过区内沉积层序的对比,建立了桂中坳陷东缘层序地层格架,探讨了该区下石炭统的海平面变化规律。     

The Devonian–Lower Carboniferous succession in Northwest Peninsular Malaysia

A new stratigraphic nomenclature is proposed for the approximately 600 m thick, mainly clastic transitional sequence between the underlying Mempelam Limestone and overlying Kubang Pasu/Singa Formation in northwest Peninsular Malaysia. This sequence represents shallow marine deposits of the continental margin of the Sibumasu Terrane during the Middle Palaeozoic (Devonian–Carboniferous). It is separated into several formations. The Timah Tasoh Formation is an approximately 76 m sequence consisting of 40 m of laminated tentaculitid shales at the base, containing Monograptus yukonensis Jackson and Lenz and Nowakia (Turkestanella) acuaria Alberti, giving an Early Devonian (Pragian–Emsian) age, and about 36 m of rhythmically interbedded, light coloured argillo-arenites. The Chepor Formation is about 90 m thick and consists mainly of thick red mudstone interbedded with sandstone beds, of Middle to Late Devonian age. A new limestone unit is recognized and named the Sanai Limestone, which contains conodonts of Famennian age. The Binjal Formation consists of red and white mudstone interbedded with sandstone beds showing Bouma sequences. The Telaga Jatoh Formation is 9 m thick and consists mainly of radiolarian chert. The Wang Kelian Formation is composed of thick red mudstone beds interbedded with silty sandstone, and contain fossils indicative of an Early Carboniferous (Visean) age. The succession was deposited on the outer shelf, with depositional environments vertically fluctuating from prodelta to basinal marine. The Devonian–Carboniferous boundary is exposed at Hutan Aji and Kampung Guar Jentik, and indicates a major regressive event during the latest Devonian.     

塔里木盆地上泥盆—下石炭统层序地层格架与古地理

利用110余口钻井的录井和测井资料,结合地震资料,运用沉积学原理和层序地层学原理,建立了塔里木盆地上泥盆-下石炭统层序地层格架.自下而上,塔里木盆地上泥盆-下石炭统发育东河层序(SQd)、巴楚1层序(SQb1)、巴楚2层序(SQb2)、卡拉沙依1层序(SQk1)共4个三级层序,每个层序均可划分出海侵体系域(TST)和高...     

云南保山地块香山组和丁家寨组沉积序列与碳同位素研究

通过对保山地块北部西邑地区下石炭统香山组和下二叠统丁家寨组详细的野外剖面实测与钻孔编录,并结合层序地层学、沉积相以及碳氧同位素分析结果认为,下石炭统香山组自下向上可分为三个岩性段,分别对应台前斜坡下部、台前斜坡上部、碳酸盐岩台地三种沉积环境。下二叠统丁家寨组为滨岸冰水沉积,下部为冰碛含砾钙质杂砂岩,发育落石构造。下石炭统香山组δ13C_PDB值自下而上逐渐升高,环境可能较稳定,有机质埋藏增加。综合前人古地磁、生物区系对比、大地构造学等研究成果认为早石炭世保山地块较稳定,仍属冈瓦纳大陆北缘。丁家寨组冰碛含砾钙质杂砂岩结束后δ13C_PDB值出现强烈负偏,与研究区冰期结束、早二叠世初次温度上升、大量玄武岩喷发等时限高度一致,共同说明了保山地块在早二叠世开始从冈瓦纳大陆北缘裂解出来,并开始向北漂移。该项研究的开展为探讨Submasu地块晚古生代的古海洋、古地理和气候演化具有重要意义,为全球同时期碳氧同位素数据库提供了新资料。     

准噶尔盆地南缘柴窝堡凹陷泥页岩地球化学和矿物学特征研究

利用XRD、Rock-eval和气相色谱—质谱仪对准格尔南缘柴窝堡凹陷上石炭统、上二叠统及下侏罗统的泥页岩进行了地球化学和矿物学特征分析。有机地球化学实验结果指示,柴窝堡凹陷石炭纪至二叠纪经历了较长时期的淡水—微咸水沉积环境,有机质来源具有相似的母源输入特征,干酪根类型具有II型混合母质特征;有机质热演化特征表明,下侏罗统泥页岩处于低熟阶段,上石炭统与上二叠统泥页岩具有机质丰度较高、有机质类型丰富、热演化处于成熟—高成熟阶段等特点;矿物学特征显示,上二叠统泥页岩长石、石英等脆性矿物含量为73%,粘土矿物次之,指示其脆性指数较高,具有较好的可压裂性和粘土表面吸附性。结合前人认识,预测该段泥页岩中可能蕴藏着一定规模的页岩气资源,具有较好的页岩气资源前景和勘探潜力。     

新疆克拉麦里造山带下石炭统地层系统及其沉积构造背景

新疆克拉麦里造山带位于准噶尔与西伯利亚板块之间.下石炭统是该造山带的重要组成部分,前人将其作为一个地层层序,自下而上划分为黑山头组、姜巴斯套组和那林卡拉组.运用造山带地层学研究其下石炭统地层系统,识别出西伯利亚板块南缘岛弧盆地层序(黑山头组)、弧前大陆边缘盆地层序(卡姆斯特组)、洋盆层序(放射虫硅质岩和蛇绿混杂岩),以及准噶尔板块北缘岛弧盆地层序(塔木岗组和松喀尔苏组)和弧前大陆边缘盆地层序(东古鲁巴斯套组和姜巴斯套组).根据克拉麦里造山带两侧均存在岛弧盆地层序,推论克拉麦里洋盆曾在早石炭世向两侧发生俯冲.     

西藏波密地区晚古生代地层层序及盆地演化分析

西藏波密及邻区松宗、然乌一带，下石炭统诺错组与中上泥盆统松宗组之间的层序不整合界线是藏东南地区冈瓦纳北缘晚古生代盆地性质转变的重要界面。界线之下的松宗组为稳定的碳酸盐岩台地沉积；界线之上，以大规模的火山活动、盆地裂解为标志，伴随着沉积盆地的持续沉陷和相对海平面的上升，沉积了以石炭系诺错组和来姑组为代表的向上变深序列，相对海平面在晚石炭世达到了顶点，以来姑组上部的含铁质板岩和大套的浊积岩为标志。其后。以洛巴堆组为代表的晚石炭世末期—二叠纪的沉积记录，则代表了一个缓慢的向上变浅的沉积层序。在这个向上变深再变浅的沉积盆地演化过程中，火山活动呈现了明显的由强转弱的变化轨迹。中侏罗统马里组陆相红色磨拉石不整合堆积于下伏地层之上，表明本区在晚三叠世—早侏罗世经历了一次规模宏大的褶皱造山事件。     

上扬子区震旦系层序地层划分

上扬子区的震旦系包括陡山沱组和灯影组,前者包含较多的黑色页岩,而后者则以大套白云岩为特征。从岩相序列到米级旋回,从沉积相序列到三级层序,可将浅水台地背景的震旦系划分为5个三级层序,这些三级层序均以总体向上变浅的沉积相序列为特征;该5个三级层序组成一个二级层序,陡山沱组较多的黑色页岩到灯影组大套白云岩所组成的向上变浅序列是该二级层序的主要特点,从而表明二级层序与三级层序具有相似的相序组构。以各个主要剖面点的层序划分为基础,依据地层记录中的两种相变面和两种穿时性,可以建立研究区域震旦系层序地层格架。层序地层格架表明,包含较多的深水黑色页岩系的陡山沱组,代表了大冰期之后的海侵作用的特点;与寒武系的变化特征不同,而原生沉积组构保存较为完好的灯影组白云岩,自北西而南东沉积环境由浅变深的沉积背景中均为白云岩,这种变化特点可能意味着前寒武纪末期特殊的白云石化作用特征,同时也意味着许多有待于进一步研究的沉积学问题。     

遥感环形构造与化探异常关系有内蒙古扎赉河农场异常区的应用

通过对测区遥感解译环形构造与1：5万土壤地球化学测量元素异常产生的叠加关系进行分析比较,认为具有叠置、套合关系的环形构造和元素异常具有相同的内在地质成因关系。选择测区内扎赉河农场Cu多金属元素异常区开展野外地质调查验证,在两者交集部位发现了（黄铁矿、孔雀石、黄铜矿）矿化构造蚀变岩（带）.这一实践过程为区域地质找矿工作早期确定元素异常矿化位置起到了标示作用.     

黔桂地区石炭系层序地层格架及海平面变化

从石炭系到下二叠统,构成一个二级层序,其底面为紫云运动主幕不整合面及其相关面,顶界面为黔桂运动不整合面及其相关面,包含6个三级层序。研究区范围内,从连陆台地到孤立台地乃至台沟背景,沉积特征明显不同,如在连陆台地上发育煤系地层并且发育较多的白云岩地层,而在孤立台地上则以大套碳酸盐岩地层为特征,台沟背景中以暗色细粒沉积为主包括台盆相和台棚相沉积。因此,三级沉积层序的相序特征形成有规律的空间变化,虽然在不同的地点三级层序的形成时限和相序组构存在差异,但它们所代表的相对海平面变化过程基本上是同步的。在前人大量的古生物学研究成果的基础上,追索各三级沉积层序界面的空间展布特征,以地层记录中的两种相变面和两种穿时性为基本要素,可以建立黔桂地区石炭系(含下二叠统)的地层层序格架。     

TECTONIC TRANSFER ON THE EASTERN EDGE OF PAMIR

TECTONIC TRANSFER ON THE EASTERN EDGE OF PAMIR     

Foraminifers and conodonts from the late Viséan to early Bashkirian succession in the Saharan Tindouf Basin (southern Morocco): biostratigraphic refinements and implications for correlations in the western Palaeotethys

The Carboniferous succession in the Tindouf Basin of southern Morocco, North Africa, displays Mississippian to Early Pennsylvanian marine beds, followed by Pennsylvanian continental deposits. The marine beds comprise a shallow water cyclic platform sequence, dominated by shales and fine‐grained sandstones with thin but laterally persistent limestone/dolostone beds. Foraminiferal assemblages have been studied in the limestone beds in several sections from the Djebel Ouarkziz range in the northern limb of the Tindouf Syncline; they indicate that the age of the limestones range from late Asbian (late Viséan) to Krasnopolyanian (early Bashkirian). The foraminiferal assemblages are abundant and diverse, and much richer in diversity than those suggested by previous studies in the region, as well as for other areas of the western Palaeotethys. The richest assemblages are recorded in the Serpukhovian but, unusually, they contain several taxa which appear much earlier in Western European basins (in the latest Viséan). In contrast, conodont assemblages are scarce due to the shallow‐water facies, although some important taxa are recorded in the youngest limestones. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Sequence-Stratigraphic Framework from the Carboniferous to the Permian Chuanshanian Epoch in Dianqiangui Basin and Its Adjacent Areas, Southwest China

INTRODUCTION Alotofprogresshasbeenmadeinthestudyof Carboniferoussedimentologyandstratigraphyinthe Dianqianguibasinanditsadjacentareas,whichin cludethecomprehensivesummariesonchronostratigraphyandbiostratigraphybyJinetal.(2000)and Kuangetal.(1999);theoverallandsystematicsum mariesonCarboniferouslithostratigraphybyDong(1997),Yin(1997)andZhao(1996);thecompre hensivestudyonCarboniferoussedimentaryfacies andpaleogeographybyChenetal.(1994)andFeng etal.(1998)etc..AsshowninFig.1,theDian qiang…