黑龙江新城沟地区花岗岩成矿地球化学特征分析及资源潜力预测

东宁新城沟地区的花岗岩体位于兴蒙造山带东缘的活动大陆边缘带.通过岩相学和岩石地球化学分析认为,研究区内岩体的里特曼指数δ介于1.41~2.11之间,为钙碱性岩系;w(K2O)/w(Na2O)比值大于1,为高碱相对富钾;铝饱和指数ACNK=1.02~1.20,主要为弱过铝质I型花岗岩,部分具有S型同碰撞花岗岩的特征.岩体中稀土总量较低(∑REE=72.35×10-6~217.64×10-6),轻、重稀土分异较强(LaN/YbN=2.74~11.37),Eu具有较为明显的负异常,δCe为0.96~1.11,Ce异常不明显;Nb、Ta、P、Ti等相对亏损,Rb、Ba、K等相对富集,w(Nb)/w(Ta)比值为(6.18~26.33,平均为15.18)小于16.2,指示岩浆来源于上地幔或下地壳,形成过程中同化混染了较多壳源物质.区内岩浆的形成受古生代末和中生代初西伯利亚板块与华北板块发生陆陆碰撞以及晚三叠世古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆东缘俯冲的双重作用影响,岩浆侵入存在由早期向晚期阶段演化的过程,致使源岩存在一定差异,具有多期次、多阶段、复合成因的特点.物化探异常、岩石地球化学及含矿性参数显示,研究区具有寻找浅成低温热液型Au、Ag、Cu矿的资源潜力.     

阿拉善地块南缘镁铁-超镁铁岩形成时代及地球化学特征

阿拉善地块南缘是镁铁超镁铁岩体的重要分布区 ,自北而南可分为北大山岩带、龙首山岩带和北海子岩带。北大山岩带以野芨里含长辉石橄榄岩侵入体为代表 ,Sm_Nd岩石矿物等时线年龄为 773.1± 10 .8Ma,εNd(t)=+0 .8～ +10 .8,ΣREE为 7.5 9× 10 -6～ 2 0 .34× 10 -6;龙首山岩带以金川二辉橄榄岩体和藏布台单辉橄榄岩为典型代表 ,Sm_Nd岩石矿物等时线年龄分别为 15 0 8± 31Ma和 15 11± 16 8Ma ,基本为同期幔源产物 ,金川岩体平均ΣREE为 3.33× 10 -6～ 115 .5 2× 10 -6,εNd(t) =- 1.9～ - 4 .3,藏布台εNd(t) =+2 .6～ +2 .9,差异显著 ;北海子岩带岩体分布有限 ,其中辉长岩体Sm_Nd岩石矿物等时线年龄为 14 4 0± 2 2 0Ma ,εNd(t) >0 ,ΣREE为 179.6 4× 10 -6～ 2 0 7.76× 10 -6。龙首山岩带和北海子岩带可能同为中元古代早期超地幔柱作用下地幔派生岩浆的产物 ,εNd(t)值的差异反映了各自岩体成岩过程的不同 ;野芨里岩体形成于新元古代 ,是亏损地幔的产物 ,与金川等岩体的形成环境和物质来源有显著不同。     

Petrogenesis and geodynamic significance of the late Palaeozoic Dongwanzi Complex,North China Craton: constraints from petrological,geochemical, and Os-Nd-Sr isotopic data

The late Carboniferous Dongwanzi Complex in the northern North China Craton is composed of intrusive pyroxenite, hornblendite, gabbro, and syenite. The mafic-ultramafic rocks of the complex exhibit typical cumulate textures, curved-upward REE patterns, and variable contents of compatible elements, suggesting a cumulate origin. The syenite shows Sr-Nd isotopic ratios similar to the mafic-ultramafic complex and positive Eu anomalies in the chondrite-normalized REE patterns, suggesting that the syenite may represent residual melt after significant fractional crystallization of mafic melt. The mafic-ultramafic cumulates have low HREE abundance and high (Tb/Yb)_N (2.5–4.2) and Dy/Yb ratios (>2), indicating that they may have originated from melting of garnet peridotite in the mantle. The Dongwanzi Complex is characterized by a large variation in Sr-Nd isotopic composition, with I_Sr = 0.7035 to 0.7052 and ε_Nd(t) = ?4.0 to +5.2, which may be accounted for by mixing melts of depleted asthenospheric and enriched lithospheric sources. The radiogenic Os isotopic compositions of the complex ((¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os)_i = 0.1344 to 0.3090) suggest slight contamination by mafic lower crust (≤2.5% based on Os isotopic modelling). The Dongwanzi Complex exhibits arc-related whole-rock and mineral geochemical affinities, such as enrichment in LILE (e.g. Sr, Ba, K) and depletion in HFSE (e.g. Nb, Ta, Ti). The abundance of hornblende and high CaO contents (22–24 wt.%) of clinopyroxene suggest that the source was rich in H₂O, probably due to the formation above a subduction zone. We conclude that the Dongwanzi Complex and the related crust–mantle interactions probably reflect formation in a back-arc extensional environment related to the subduction of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean beneath the northern margin of the North China Craton in late Palaeozoic time.     

东疆沙泉子铜和铜铁矿床岩（矿）石地球化学研究与地质找矿前景

沙泉子铜铁矿床安山岩类和闪长岩属偏碱性的钙碱性系列。（玄武）安山岩中含SiO2在49．2％．59．97％，多数样品含铝在16．66％以上，具有高铝玄武安山岩特点，含Na2O为2．19％～5．1％，K2O为0．61％．3．2％，（Na2O＋K2O）为5．32％-7．03％，Na2O／K2O值在1．07-8．36。本区安山岩类和闪长斑岩具有明显的Rb、Th-U-K、La-Ce、Pb和P正异常，富集大离子亲石元素（LILE）和轻稀土元素（LREE），具有明显的Ta．Nb、Sr负异常、中等Eu和Ti负异常，地球化学特征表明它们可能形成在活动大陆边缘上的陆缘岛弧构造背景中。这对于形成大型-超大型斑岩-夕卡岩型铜和铜铁矿床十分有利，深部隐伏矿床的找矿勘查是今后主攻方向。     

黔北普宜地区硫铁多金属矿同位素地球化学特征及成因

正贵州西北部是我国硫铁矿的重要产出地,资源储量排名全国前三位。但研究区的硫铁多金属矿成矿物质来源、成矿环境及伴生有益组分综合利用等科学问题的研究仍不够深入具体,这不仅制约了成矿机制研究和矿床模型的构建,同时因单一硫铁的经济价值及环境污染问题,也会影响到进一步的矿床勘查找矿工作。在野外调查和室内研究基础上,     

河南官坡花岗伟晶岩地质与地球化学特征

河南省官坡镇境内出露大量花岗伟晶岩脉,部分花岗伟晶岩脉发育稀有金属或稀有多金属矿化,具有稀有金属找矿潜力和研究价值.通过野外地质调查、岩相学观察和元素地球化学分析,对官坡花岗伟晶岩的特征和成因进行研究.结果显示:官坡花岗伟晶岩脉具有分布集中、延伸稳定、规模较大、结构带发育完整、物质组成复杂的特点;花岗伟晶岩主量元素具有高硅、富碱、过铝质及低铁、镁、钙和钛的特点,在成因上可能与灰池子花岗岩具有亲缘性,推测是该花岗岩高度演化后的产物.该研究进一步提高了对该区花岗伟晶岩的研究程度,为区内稀有金属矿勘查提供借鉴.     

扬子地块西缘峨山新元古代A2型花岗闪长岩的成因及构造意义

在扬子地块西缘出露有大量的新元古代岩浆岩,这些岩石对于重建罗迪尼亚超大陆有着重要的意义。本文对云南峨山岩体的花岗闪长岩和似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩开展了详细的岩石学、岩石地球化学和年代学研究,结果表明,似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩侵位于826.6±2.5 Ma,而花岗闪长岩有着较年轻的结晶年龄818.3±2.8 Ma,花岗闪长岩比似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩有着更低的SiO₂含量,但是更高的Al₂O₃、MgO、Fe₂O₃、TiO₂和P₂O₅含量。在稀土元素配分曲线和微量元素蛛网图上,两种岩性呈现出相似的特征,都是具有右倾的稀土元素配分样式,呈现出Eu负异常,相对于大离子亲石元素（LILEs）更亏损高场强元素（HFSEs）。似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩富集Nd同位素组分,而花岗闪长岩与之有着相似的Nd同位素值。地球化学数据显示可能的岩石学成因是变质火成岩源区在826 Ma时发生部分熔融形成了峨山似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩并且残留下来了一个麻粒岩化的源区;麻粒岩源区在818 Ma时再次发生部分熔融形成了具有A型属性的峨山花岗闪长岩。结合前人的数据和本文的研究,认为扬子西缘在新元古代时期是一个活动大陆边缘,而华南地块当时在罗迪尼亚的位置更可能是在边缘而不是中心。     

The Geochemical Evolution of the Proterozoic Continental Crust in Northwestern Jiangxi and Western Zhejiang,China

The pertochemistry and Sm-Nd isotopic compositions and the geochemical characteristics of REE,U,Th,etc..in the Late Proterozoix and Early Palaeozoic strata in northwestern Jiangxi and western Zhejiang provinces are described in this paper.It seems to be sure that the middle Proterozoic strata of southeastern China are low in the degree of matrration .The strata contain much mantle-derived material.At the end of Late Proterozoic there was an abrupt turn with respect to the crustal geochemical evolution of the eastern part of South China .Since then ,the geochemical environment has undergone a change from a simple reducing environment to a complex oxidizing-reducing environ-ment, which would be geochemically beneficial to the formation of Late Sinian to Early Cambrian U-bearing formations.     

三江中段两古陆铅同位素地球化学边界的厘定

根据三江中段及周边邻区火成岩铅同位素数据,确认了三江中段扬子陆块与冈瓦纳古陆的边界。两古陆的铅同位素地球化学边界为^206Pb/^204Pb=18．583、^208Pb／^204Pb=38．575和V1=60、V2=52,低于界线值的属扬子陆块,高于界线值的属冈瓦纳古陆。三江中段两古陆的铅同位素地球化学边界在地理上对应于德钦鲁春-红坡牛场一线,以东属扬子陆块,以西为冈瓦纳古陆;在构造上对应于德钦-字呷断裂带;在构造-岩浆带上对应于金沙江构造岩浆带与澜沧江构造岩浆带的分界线;在成矿上则对应于德钦羊拉-鲁春-红坡牛场铜多金属成矿带。     

云南白秧坪地区东矿带矿床地质地球化学特征及成因分析

东矿带是云南白秧坪矿集区的重要组成部分,矿体明显受逆冲推覆构造主推覆断层及反冲断层的控制,多产于上三叠统三合洞组碳酸盐岩地层中。矿床中发育一套典型的中低温热液成因的矿物组合,成矿流体性质主要为来源于深部的中低温热卤水。硫、铅、碳、氧同位素分析表明成矿物质的深源特征,矿石稀土元素组成显示均有明显的δEu异常,构造热流体活动是成矿的主导因素。矿床地质地球化学特征显示,东矿带的矿床成因类型为与推覆构造有关的中低温热卤水铜银多金属矿床。     

大兴安岭根河岩区晚侏罗世火山岩特征及构造环境探讨

大兴安岭根河岩区晚侏罗世火山岩岩石类型主要为火山熔岩及火山碎屑岩.据岩石化学成分火山岩可划分为流纹质、安山质、英安质及粗面质几种类型,并属高钾钙碱性系列.岩石化学、地球化学显示岩浆主要来源于下地壳,并有幔源物质参与;岩石具火山弧的特点,形成于整体挤压大陆边缘并靠近板内一侧的构造环境.     

柯坪玄武岩的岩石学、地球化学、Nd、Sr、Pb同位素组成与岩石成因

柯坪玄武岩位于塔里木板块西缘,产于下二叠统库普库兹曼组和开派兹雷克组中。岩石化学组成以富集TFeO、TiO2、P2O5和SiO2不饱和为特征。大部分样品属碱性玄武岩系列,个别属拉斑玄武岩系列。它们的稀土元素和微量元素显示了板内拉张环境玄武岩的地球化学特征。εNd(t)=-1.73～-3．69,εSr(t)= 27．56～ 56．87,^206Pb／^204Pb=17．87～18．02,^207Pb／^204Pb=15．45～15．53,^208Pb／^204Pb=38．22～38．49。Nd、Sr、Pb同位素组成证明柯坪玄武岩源自于前寒武纪的富集型大陆岩石圈地幔。而且,这种情况在塔里木盆地及周缘地区十分发育的镁铁质岩浆岩中具有广泛的代表性。据此,可以将新疆南部和北部划分为两个明显不同的同位素地球化学省。南部省以富集型地幔的同位素组成为特征,而北部省以亏损型地幔的同位素组成为特征。分属于这两个省的古生代晚期阶段岩浆岩有可能不是同一个地质过程的产物。     

Neoproterozoic A-type granites of the Garevka massif, Yenisey Ridge: Age, sources, and geodynamic setting

This paper presents the results of geochemical, isotopic (Sm-Nd), and geochronological (U-Pb and Ar-Ar) investigations of leucogranites from the Garevka massif in the Transangara segment of the Yenisey Ridge. The most distinctive geochemical characteristics of these A-type granitoids are the enrichment in silica, potassium, iron, and fluorine and a considerable depletion in europium. Using U-Pb zircon geochronology, the age of the Garevka leucogranites was estimated as 752 ± 3 Ma, which allowed us to attribute them to a previously established Neoproterozoic tectonic event related to the collision of the Central Angara terrane and the Siberian craton. The parental melts of the granitoids were probably derived by melting of a mixed source composed of continental crustal rocks of Paleoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic and (or) Neoproterozoic ages. Based on the obtained petrological, geochemical, and geochronological data, the leucogranites of the Garevka massif were assigned to the Neoproterozoic postcollisional Glushikha complex.     

西藏隆子县那穷锑金矿地质特征及找矿前景分析

那穷锑金矿是近年来通过区域地质矿产调查在西藏自治区隆子县新发现的金多金属矿床,其矿化带受断裂构造控制。目前该矿床研究程度相对较低,若对其成矿地质条件、地质特征及找矿潜力等内容进行专门性和系统性研究,可为该矿床的下步找矿勘探工作提供依据。文章通过总结区域成矿地质背景,分析了该矿床地质特征、地球物理与地球化学异常特征、包裹体地球化学特征,并结合遥感地质特征和异常查证开展相关研究工作,结果表明:矿体主要产于上三叠统涅如组中,受东西向次级断裂构造带控制,目前共发现3条破碎蚀变带;土壤地球化学剖面测量工作中,选择了Sb、Au、As、Bi、Cu作为Sb及多金属成矿指示元素,共圈定单元素异常10处,各元素异常套合较好;激电中梯测量共圈定极化体2条,视极化率异常3处;与成矿有关的流体包裹体类型主要为富液包裹体,并推测矿区流体为含微量CO₂、N₂气体的中低温低盐度NaCl-H₂O热液体系。综合分析认为那穷锑金矿区具备优越的成矿条件,具有寻找金多金属矿的潜力。      

Zircon U-Pb geochronology,geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes from the metamorphic basement in the Wuhe Complex:Implications for Neoarchean active continental margin along the southeastern North China Craton and constraints on the petrogenesis of Mesozoic g

We report zircon U-Pb geochronology,geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data from mafic granulites and garnet amphibolites of the Wuhe Complex in the southeastern margin of the North China Craton (NCC).In combination with previous data,our results demonstrate that these rocks represent fragments of the ancient lower crust,and have features similar to those of the granulite basement in the northern margin of the NCC.A detailed evaluation of the Pb isotope data shows that Pb isotopes cannot effectively distinguish the role of the Yangtze Craton basement from that of the NCC basement with regard to the source and generation of magmas,at least for southeastern NCC.The age data suggest that the protoliths of the granulites or amphibolites in the Wuhe Complex were most likely generated in Neoarchean and that these rocks were subjected to Paleoproterozoic(1.8-1.9 Ga) high-pressure granulite facies metamorphism. This study also shows that the Precambrian metamorphic basement in the southeastern margin of the NCC might have formed in a tectonic setting characterized by a late Neoarchean active continental margin.     

东疆雅西371-西北坡铜金矿化带下石炭统火山岩地球化学特征与成矿背景

新疆东天山雅西371-西北坡铜金化带中下石炭统火山岩属钙碱性系列。流纹岩类中SiO2（73．96％～78．01％）和Al2O3（11．3％～14．63％）含量高，含Na2O为2．04％～4．15％，K2O为2．74％～3．74％，（Na2O＋K2O）为5．34％～7．03％；流纹岩类属过铝质、中钾-高钾火山岩系列。微量和稀土元素分析结果显示：流纹岩类具有Ti、Nb、P和Ta明显负异常、Sr中等负异常，LREE明显富集，La／Nb值为0．4～2．3，La／Th值0．4—1，Th／Ta值高（6～36．5），具有明显δEu（0．17-0．29）负异常，地球化学特征表明流纹岩类可能形成在活动大陆边缘上的陆缘岛弧构造背景中。本区（含矿）酸性火山岩特征对于寻找与长英质火山岩有关的金属硫化物矿床十分有利，因此认为本区具有较大找矿前景。     

SHRIMP zircon U–Pb and molybdenite Re–Os isotopic dating of the tungsten deposits in the Tianmenshan–Hongtaoling W–Sn orefield, southern Jiangxi Province, China, and geological implications

The southern Jiangxi Province is a major part of the Nanling W–Sn metallogenic province of southern China, where all W–Sn ore deposits are temporally and spatially related to Mesozoic granitic intrusions. The Tianmenshan–Hongtaoling orefield is a recently explored territory endowed by several styles of W–Sn mineralization. The orefield comprises three composite granitic plutons: Tianmenshan, Hongtaoling and Zhangtiantang associated with several tens of W–Sn-polymetallic ore deposits (Maoping, Baxiannao, Niuling, Zhangdou, Yaolanzhai and others) along their contacts. In this study, four new SHRIMP zircon U–Pb ages were determined for three composite granitic plutons, and 33 molybdenite samples from five W–Sn deposits were analysed by ICP-MS Re–Os isotopic method. SHRIMP zircon U–Pb ages for both medium to coarse-gained biotite granite and porphyritic biotite monzogranite from the Tianmenshan composite pluton are 157.2 ± 2.2 Ma and 151.8 ± 2.9 Ma, respectively. Molybdenite Re–Os isochron ages for the related Baxiannao fracture-controlled tungsten deposits are 157.9 ± 1.5 Ma. Maoping greisens-type tungsten deposits were emplaced at 155.3 ± 2.8 Ma and the Maoping wolframite–quartz veins at 150.2 ± 2.8 Ma, respectively. The SHRIMP U–Pb age of zircons from the Hongtaoling biotite granite is 151.4 ± 3.1 Ma whereas the molybdenite Re–Os isochron ages of the genetically related Niuling endocontact tungsten quartz veins and Zhangdou exocontact tungsten quartz veins are 154.9 ± 4.1 to 154.6 ± 9.7 Ma and 149.1 ± 7.1 Ma, respectively. The SHRIMP zircon U–Pb age of the Zhangtiantang fine-grained muscovite granite is 156.9 ± 1.7 Ma, whereas the molybdenite Re–Os isochron age for the related Yaolanzhai greisens-type tungsten deposit is 155.8 ± 2.8 Ma. These new age data, combined with those available from the literature, indicate that the ages of W–Sn ores and related granites are Late Jurassic with a peak at 150 to 160 Ma, which corresponds to the widespread Mesozoic metallogenic event in southern China. Molybdenites from this group of tungsten deposits have quite low Re contents (29.1 to 2608 ppb), suggesting continental crustal provenance of the ore metals.     

内蒙古锡林浩特跃进公社地区温都尔庙群年代学、地球化学特征及构造环境

温都尔庙群为一套绢云绿泥石英片岩、绢云石英片岩、二云石英片岩、黑云斜长片麻岩、变粒岩、石英岩等的变质岩组合,形成于新元古代。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果显示,温都尔庙群中的岩浆热事件年龄为459.0±1.8Ma,变质年龄为898.9±5.2Ma,即锡林浩特地区存在900Ma左右的变质基底岩系。温都尔庙群片岩样品显示轻稀土元素富集的中等分异特征,并有一定的负Eu异常,其稀土元素分布模式接近于安第斯型;在微量元素原始地幔标准化图解中,出现明显的高场强元素Nb负异常,表明原岩受地壳混染作用影响;Sr/Ba平均值为0.30,小于1,基本反映了副变质岩的特点。通过岩石地球化学图解分析,认为本区温都尔庙群哈尔哈达组的原岩为沉积岩,岩性主要为砂岩和泥岩。地球化学特征及形成构造环境判别结果表明,温都尔庙群哈尔哈达组片岩原岩沉积环境为活动大陆边缘体系。     

扬子陆块西北缘早新元古代俯冲增生过程的岩浆记录

华南早新元古代俯冲相关岩浆作用记录为揭示罗迪尼亚超大陆边缘陆块的聚合及增生过程提供了重要制约。本文聚焦华南扬子陆块西北缘出露的早新元古代岩浆作用记录,总结梳理了其年代学框架、地球化学特征以及同位素特征,查明了其源区性质和岩石学成因、并探讨了不同阶段岩浆记录所对应的构造环境。结果表明,扬子陆块西北缘约1.0~0.9 Ga岩石具有与新生岛弧岩浆类似的微量元素特征,强不相容元素的含量略低于大陆弧,并且具有亏损的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成和略低于地幔值的锆石δ18O值,这些特征指示约1.0~0.9 Ga岩浆岩最有可能形成于洋内弧环境。相比之下,约0.9~0.83 Ga岩浆岩具有与平均上地壳类似的微量元素特征,富集强不相容元素和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素,并且具有富集的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成,锆石δ18O值与地幔值相当或略高,指示其可能形成于大陆弧环境。此外,镁铁质岩石全岩Nd和锆石Hf同位素随年龄的长期变化趋势揭示了地幔源区性质周期性地富集和亏损,这可能是由于俯冲带间歇性地前进和后撤引起的挤压–伸展构造体制的不断交替所致。本文结果为扬子陆块西北缘新元古代早期的构造演化历史和俯冲增生动力学机制提供了制约。     

白垩纪早期陆相特殊沉积的分布特征及气候意义

通过对地质资料的系统总结,认为白垩纪存在有如下具有气候意义的陆相特殊沉积类型:钙质沉积、可燃性有机岩、蒸发岩、沙漠沉积体系、红土型风化壳、铁质沉积、含铜沉积、火山相关沉积、灰岩、白云岩和膨润土。利用所获得的早白垩世6个时期特殊沉积的分布图,可以对不同类型特殊沉积的时空分布特征进行讨论。结合特殊沉积所代表的气候意义,可归纳出如下气候指标:可燃性有机岩、与黑色(泥)页岩相伴生出现的黄铁矿及菱铁矿、膨润土是温暖潮湿气候的标志;红土型风化壳、三价铁质沉积是湿热-热气候的标志;石膏、灰岩反映了暖干气候。岩盐、钙芒硝、沙漠沉积体系、白云岩反映了干热环境。火山相关沉积可反映高温环境。钙质沉积、含铜沉积反映干旱-半干旱气候。根据特殊沉积的分布组合特征,可划分出6种气候类型:（1）暖湿气候;（2）暖湿-暖干气候;（3）暖干气候;（4）热干-干旱气候;（5）干热-暖干气候;（6）干热气候。气候区在BerriasianBarremian期主要表现以纬向分布为特点,Aptian期和Albian期体现出纬向和经向两种分布方式的叠加,同时在中东部地区的气候带类型增多。其中Hauterivian期最干热,Albian期最湿润。