WSR-88D常规产品集(RPS)的设置

ＷＳＲ－８８Ｄ多普勒天气雷达拥有７０余种产品（包括基本产品和导出产品）,大大提高了对天气现象的探测和预报能力。由于通讯、资料处理与存储等限制,在主用户处理单元（ＰＵＰ）上只能同时获取部分产品。对于不同的天气类型、现象及其不同的落区,各种产品组合的选定显得十分重要。常规产品集（ＲＰＳ）在ＷＳＲ－８８Ｄ的产品生成与分发中起了重要作用,本文对ＲＰＳ的设置作了分析和研究,提出针对不同情况的设置原理方案,并结合上海地区特点给出了实例     

WSR-88D多普勒天气雷达冰雹探测算法及评价

详细介绍了ＷＳＲ－８８Ｄ多普勒天气雷达冰雹探测算法的设计,使用,并进一步分析该算法存在的优点和不中,最后,指出业务运行中改进的使用步骤和方法,有效地提高了ＷＳＲ－８８Ｄ多普勒天气雷达探测,预报冰雹的能力。     

上海雷达站NEXRAD的通信与业务流程

介绍美国多普勒天气雷达ＷＳＲ－８８Ｄ数据通信的组成,特点和依据上海的具体情况所建成的系统和业务流程。     

WSR-88D多普勒天气雷达的运行设计和使用情况分析

介绍了上海市气象局ＷＳＲ－８８Ｄ型多普勒天气雷达的架设,通信传输,系统数据流,产品的获取方式,雷达可调参数设置等运行设计,并例举了１９９８年的三个应用实例,表明ＷＳＲ－８８Ｄ对强风暴具有很强的探测能力,通过对风暴的结构和多普勒风场连续演变的分析,在强风暴的短时预报中发挥了明显的作用。     

多普勒天气雷达资料在9806号台风定位中的应用

应用上海中心气象台ＷＳＲ－８８Ｄ多普勒天气雷达资料分析了９８０６号台风过程的回波强度图及径向速度图的特征,并结合这两种资料对９８０６号台风跟踪定位及实际应用作了探讨。     

WSR—88D算法和产品改进的用户反馈信息

ＷＳＲ－８８Ｄ（ＷｅａｔｈｅｒＳｕｒｖｅｉｌｌａｎｃｅＲａｄａｒ１９９８，Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ），即美国１９８８年定型生产的下一代天气雷达，是目前美国全国天气雷达网的布点雷达。该雷达是全相干体制的多普勒天气雷达，它不但具有常规天气雷达扭具备的可以观测降水回波强度分布的特点，而且还能获得云体内部风场分 结构信息，是研究强对汉等中小尺度天气系统的有力工具。１９９８年上海市气象局从美国引进了一部ＷＳＲ－８８Ｄ     

多普勒天气雷达接收数字化模型新设计

本文在分析ＤＷＳＲ－８８Ｓ型多普勒天气雷达接收体制原理的基础上,进行了以提高多普勒频移精度为目的的多普勒天气雷达接收数字化模型设计,还详细介绍了软硬件模块特点和目前仍存在的问题。１　背　景　　多普勒天气雷达技术是建立在无线电技术、信息处理技术,以及气象探测理论基础上的一门新兴技术。与常规天气雷达技术相比,它提供了大范围内降水位置的空间分布及其强度的变化,已成为降水定量预报、强对流天气警戒和云雾物理研究的一种重要探测工具。随着多普勒天气雷达技术的应用,将进一步丰富对云雾降水的形成,以及对强对流天气…     

多普勒天气雷达资料在9806号台风定位中的应用

应用上海中心气象台ＷＳＲ－８８Ｄ多普勒天气雷达资料分析了９８０６号台风过程的回波强度图及径向速度图的特征,并结合这两种资料对９８０６号台风跟踪定位及实际应用作了探讨     

武汉数字化天气雷达双处理机系统

通过使用ＭＷＳ和ＷＭＳＳ双处理机技术大幅度改善了ＭＹＴＲＯＮＳ系统中骨干雷达ＷＳＲ－８１Ｓ的稳定性与图象产品的质量，丰富了单位扫描周期内图象产品的数量和种类，使引进美国雷达功能得到一步发挥。     

数字化天气雷达和双线偏振雷达的标定方法初探

数字化天气雷达定量探测的精度误差与雷达标定的误差有直接关系。特别是对于双线偏振其差反射率因子ＺＤＲ的典型值又为－３－＋５ｄＢ，而不同类型降水物的ＺＤＲ值可能仅相差十分之几分贝，因此，雷达标定的精度是至关重要的。     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.     

VARIABILITY OF INTER-ANNUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND HUAXI REGION’S AUTUMN PRECIPITATION

The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

全球贸易隐含碳变化及其影响分析

基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.