Particle motions around,between or outside the two dipoles of a magnetic binary system

In this paper we study the simple symmetric motions of a charged particle around, between or outside the two primaries of a magnetic-binary system. We also attempt to reveal the influence of the oblateness of the primaries on the evolution of the families of these motions and on their orbital characteristics.     

Quantum radiation of a charged particle in a Schwarzschild field

Within the framework of quantum mechanics in a curved space-time the transitions between energy levels of a charged particle (elementary particle, atomic nucleus) being in a Schwarzschild field are considered. The DeWitt conservative self-force acting on the charge is taken into account. Energy and intensity of the electric dipole radiation are calculated for charged particles in the field of miniholes with masses ranging from 10¹⁴ to 10⁻⁵ g.     

Charged particles’ areas of three-dimensional motions in a system of two magnetic stars

We study the parametric evolution of the regions where three-dimensional motions of a charged particle are allowed in the combined electromagnetic field produced by two rotating magnetic stars. We discuss the changes in the topology of the zero-velocity surfaces, as well as in the trapping regions of the particle motion for various values of the dipoles’ magnetic moments.     

Equatorial orbits in superposed dipole and uniform magnetic fields

In the present work we study the equatorial motions of charged par ticles that are performed within a field consisting of the superposition of a dipole field—that could represent the magnetic field of a planet — and of a uniform magnetic field normal to the dipole's equator. We use a non-dimensional coordinate system in which the velocity of the charged particle is unit. The model depends on two parameters: the constant of the generalized momentum and the parameter of the interplanetary magnetic field. It is proved that the motion is always bounded. The regions of the motion and the corresponding orbits are studied with respect to the constant of the generalized momentum. We also, investigate numerically conditional periodic and asymptotic orbits.     

Impact of the Mass Parameter on Particle Dynamics in a Ring Configuration of N Bodies

Parameters play a very important and determinative role in the dynamics of a dynamical system as well as in the formation of its particular characteristics. In this paper we investigate the way in which a large scale variation of the mass parameter, influences the behavior of a mass-less particle which moves in the vicinity of a ring arrangement of N-bodies. More precisely, we study the impact of this parameter on periodic motions and their characteristics.     

General-relativistic radial motions of neutral and charged test particles in the field of a charged spherically symmetric object

General-relativistic radial motions of charged and neutral test particles in the Reissner-Nordström field are investigated and classified. The conditions for suspension of such particles over the central source and stability of such equilibrium static states are studied. It is shown that stable states are only possible for the bound states of weakly charged particles in the field of an extremely charged central source.     

Numerical determination of asymmetric periodic solutions

A simple predictor-corrector procedure is described for the determination of asymmetric periodic solutions of dynamical systems of two degrees of freedom. An application in the case of the Störmer problem is given. The computed periodic motions of the charged particle are of the open-path type.     

Radiative losses in a magnetostatic and intense electromagnetic field

The average energy radiation rate is calculated exactly for the case of a charged particle injected with arbitrary momentum into an intense electromagnetic field which is propagating along a uniform magnetostatic field. The treatment is relativistic.     

The external field of a rotating and charged body in the vector graviton metric theory

We discuss certain properties of the external field of a rotating and charged body in the frame of the vector graviton metric field theory. We find: 1) a black hole cannot have angular momentum or charge, that is, a rotating body whether charged or not, cannot be a black hole. The Kerr black hole and the Kerr-Newman black hole do not exist. 2) For a rotating and charged axisymmetric body, there exists a latitude-dependent critical distance r_k(θ), such that the radial force acting on a test particle is attractive or repulsive according as the particle is outside or inside the critical distance. The repulsive force means that a massive object cannot collapse indefinitely. Maximum redshift in this case comes from sources on the equator. 3) A test particle also experiences a force along the meridian.     

Particle acceleration in reconnecting current sheets

We study motions of charged particles in reconnecting current sheets (CS) which have both transverse (perpendicular to the current sheet plane) and longitudinal (parallel to the electric current inside the sheet) components of the magnetic field. Such CS, called non-neutral, are formed in regions of magnetic field line reconnection in the solar atmosphere. We develop an analytical technique which allows us to reproduce previous results concerning the influence of transverse fields on particle motion and acceleration. This technique also allows us to evaluate the effect of the longitudinal field. The latter increases considerably the efficiency of particle acceleration in CS. The energizing of electrons during the main phase of solar flares can be interpreted as their acceleration in non-neutral CS.     

Axial rotation, orbital revolution and solar spin–orbit coupling

The orbital motion of the Sun has been linked with solar variability, but the underlying physics remains unknown. A coupling of the solar axial rotation and the barycentric orbital revolution might account for the relationships found. Some recent published studies addressing the physics of this problem have made use of equations from rotational physics in order to model particle motions. However, our standard equations for rotational velocity do not accurately describe particle motions due to orbital revolution. The Sun's orbital motion is a state of free fall; in consequence, aside from very small tidal motions, the associated particle velocities do not vary as a function of position on or within the body of the Sun. In this note, I describe and illustrate the fundamental difference between particle motions in rotation and revolution, in order to dispel some part of the confusion that has arisen in the past and that which may yet arise in the future. This discussion highlights the principal physical difficulty that must be addressed and overcome by future dynamical spin–orbit coupling hypotheses.     

Planar motions of a charged particle in a magnetic-binary system with spherical or oblate primaries

In this paper we present for the first time simple symmetric motions in the planar magnetic-binary problem where both primaries are spherical bodies or oblate spheroids. From the study of this case it follows that there is a dense and complicated distribution of the families of such motions in the phase space. Our results also show that the orbital characteristics of the particle and the configuration of the phase space are appreciably affected by the oblateness of the primaries only if these parameters become sufficiently large.     

Instability in the 3rd Dimension of the Extended Störmer Problem

The problem of motions of charged particles or charged grains of matter in the field of two magnetic dipoles in rotation about a common center are studied by means of computing families of periodic solutions and their stability. Ten such families are found and their stability study shows that only two out of the ten have short arcs of stable members, all with low inclination to the plane of the two dipoles, while the rest of the families consist exclusively of unstable solutions. Hence the impact of adding one dipole to the configuration of the Störmer problem, leads to the conclusion that in the modified system the three-dimensional motions are basically unstable unlike those of the one-dipole case. The model magnetic field used in this study is a first approximation of the Z3model of the magnetic field of Saturn as computed from the Pioneer 11 and Voyager 1 and 2 measurements.     

Motion of a charged particle around a black hole permeated by magnetic field and its chaotic characters

Motion of a charged particle around a black hole immersed in magnetic field is calculated. It is shown that this motion has a chaotic property depending on initial parameters.     

Charged particle diffusion in a turbulent magnetic field

The diffusion of charged particles in a turbulent magnetic field, but with no constant back-ground electromagnetic fields, is discussed and expressions for the particle fluxes calculated.     

Numerical investigation of non-resonant and resonant scattering of charged particles with a spatially varying magnetic field

By integrating many charged particle trajectories in a magnetic field model consisting of a series of equally spaced field discontinuities with equal angular displacements, constant ¦B¦ and successive displacements oppositely directed, a parallel diffusion coefficient K _∥ is obtained. The particle gyroradius was kept sufficiently small for the interaction to be non-resonant. The diffusion coefficient is found to be in good agreement with that predicted by the known reflection properties for charged particles of individual discontinuities. However an attempt to reproduce the diffusion coefficient using the results of a recent study by Klimas and Sandri of a non-local diffusion equation applying to the non-resonant case lead to too low a value of K _∥. The computational approach was also applied to the case where the particle motion was in resonance with the wavelength of the train of discontinuities and a lower limit to K _∥ obtained. This lower limit exceeded the quasi-linear approximation value for K _∥ under resonant scattering conditions.     

Parametric Decay of a Circularly Polarized Electromagnetic Wave in an Electron-Positron Magnetized Plasma

We study the parametric decays of an electromagnetic wave propagating along an external magnetic field in an electron-positron plasma. We include weakly relativistic effects on the particle motions in the wave field, and the nonlinear ponderomotive force. We find resonant and nonresonant wave couplings. These include, ordinary decay instabilities, in which the pump wave decays into an electro-acoustic mode and a sideband wave. There are also nonresonant couplings involving two sideband waves, and a nonresonant modulational instability in which the pump wave decays into two sideband modes. Depending on the parameters involved, there is a resonant modulational instability involving a forward propagating electro-acoustic mode and a sideband daughter wave.     

Analytical description of charged particle motion in a reconnecting current sheet

We have obtained an analytical solution to the equation of motion in the guiding center approximation for nonrelativistic charged particles in a reconnecting current sheet with a three-component magnetic field. Given the electric field attributable to magnetic reconnection, the solution describes stable and unstable three-dimensional particle orbits. We have found the domain of input parameters at which the motion is stable. A physical interpretation of the processes affecting the stability of the motion is given. Charge separation is shown to take place in the sheet during the motion: oppositely charged particles are localized mostly in different regions of the current sheet. A formula is derived for the particle energy in stable and unstable orbits. The results obtained by numerical and analytical methods are compared.