油藏地球化学测试技术在大庆油田的应用

介绍了四项油藏地球化学新技术及在油田勘探开发研究中的实际应用效果。高温气相色谱技术把原油组分的分析范围从C1～C40提高到C1～C100含氮化合物分离测试技术，实现了对原油中微量含氮化合物的分离和色质绝对量定量检测；储层油水层划分技术开发出了判别油水层技术；原油开采动态监测气相色谱技术在国内首次开发出了四层原油产能配比实验方法。这些技术经过在大庆油田两年多的实际应用，在稠油类型、油源对比、油气运移、油水层划分、油井产能监测等研究中都发挥了重要作用。     

油藏地球化学在勘探中的研究进展及应用:以北部湾盆地福山凹陷为例

基于成熟度梯度和油气运移地色层分馏效应原理,油藏地球化学研究可示踪油气运移方向、优势充注路径、潜在烃源灶方位,从而定位"卫星"油气藏,直接指导油气勘探工作。目前示踪标志物已从传统的咔唑类含氮化合物和甾萜类生物标志化合物发展到含硫和含氧杂原子多环芳烃化合物。南海北部边缘北部湾盆地福山凹陷早期油藏地球化学研究结果表明,位于凹陷中部构造带的花场次凸已发现石油主要来自位于其北东方向的白莲次凹烃源灶,并预测位于花场次凸东部的花东、白莲构造带及凸起往白莲次凹的上游方向最有利的勘探目标区,并得到油气勘探发现和后期的油藏地球化学研究结果证实。精细的示踪参数值等值线图不但确定了油气运移的方向,也预测了优势的充注路径,可直接指导勘探部署。     

大庆油田火山岩砾岩水平井钻井技术

随着大庆油田深层火山岩砾岩气藏的持续开发,利用水平井技术勘探开发深层气藏成为迫切要求。对大庆深层火山岩砾岩的地质特性、火山岩砾岩水平井特点及难点进行了描述。开展了钻头优选、井眼轨道优化、井身结构优化、井下动力钻具选型、欠平衡负压值控制等技术研究,并完成多口现场试验井,其中徐深平34井全井平均机械钻速2.79 m/h,取得了较好的应用效果。形成了一套适合于大庆油田火山岩砾岩气藏勘探与开发的水平井钻井技术。     

Approximately-Balanced Drilling in Daqing Oilfield

The Daqing oilfield is a multilayered heterogeneous oil field where the pressure are different in the same vertical profile causing many troubles to the adjustment well drillings. The approximatelybalanced drilling technique has been developed and proved to be efficient and successful in Daqing oilfield. This paper discusses the application of approximately-balanced drilling technique under the condition of multilayered pressure in Daqing oilfield, including the prediction of fornmtion pressure, the pressure discharge technique for the drilling well and the control of the density of drilling fluid.     

油藏地球物理技术在大庆长垣LS油田的应用

针对大庆长垣应用油藏地球物理技术开展精细油藏描述的难点问题,系统阐述了井震联合小尺度构造解释的方法和储层预测的研究。(1)开展分级分层次构造解释,建立了小尺度地质体精细构造解释;(2)在低级序小断层识别和组合方面,采用井指导和验证地震断层解释,同时结合相干体、倾角定位、三维可视化等技术进行综合研究;(3)微幅度构造研究采用井点分层数据小网格成图为主,辅以手动识别、趋势面法、相干体等手段进行逐一落实。储层应用实践证明,地震属性技术预测储层普适性较差,对“泥包砂”型的砂体预测是有效的。地震重构反演技术预测储层精度较高,不仅较好地反映砂体接触关系,而且预测了砂体横向边界。采用“井点定相、切片组形”方法,利用测井曲线形态差异和高程差等特征,辅助以反演切片来研究河道垂向演化,最终实现多期河道的划分。     

充气钻井技术在大庆油田的应用

升深2—17井是大庆油田第一口充气钻井。该井采用立管充氮气的钻井技术，在钻探过程中，通过对充气钻井工艺技术、配套设备的优选等进行研究，应用井底压力温度测试技术，在国内第一次实测出充气钻井井底压力温度变化情况，保证充气钻井的成功，有效地解决了该区块地层可钻性差、岩石硬度高以及低压低渗火山岩储层易受污染等问题，大幅度提高了深井钻井速度，保护了储层。该井钻进营城组火山岩储层2914m时点火成功，火焰高达10m，取得了较好的效果。介绍了充气钻井工艺技术和设备配套，以及升深2—17井的充气钻井实验过程和取得的效果。     

扭力冲击器在大庆油田肇深17井的试验应用

大庆油田深井提速已经开展多年,取得了良好的效果,2012年不断试验提速新技术,在肇深17井试验引进TorkBuster扭力冲击器,取得了新进展,获得了较高的机械钻速。扭力冲击器工作井段平均机械钻速达到4 m/h,最高达8 m/h,相同井段同比常规钻井节省起下钻至少5趟以上,节省周期13天。与同区块肇深井比较,钻速有较大的提升。扭力冲击器在肇深17井的试验成功,为大庆油田营城组及以下地层钻井提速提供了新途径。     

大庆油田高密度油包水钻井液技术研究与应用

针对大庆油田朝503区块地层压力高、地层流体活跃、水平井施工难度大的特点,通过室内实验,将原有的低粘高切油包水钻井液体系配方进行了改进完善,使其在密度上限达到2.00 g／cm^3时,油水比可控范围90∶10～75∶25,仍然具有良好的流变性、电稳定性和沉降稳定性。经过在朝42－平125井的应用,满足现场的施工要求,保证了井下安全。     

大庆油田葡萄花油层组储层非均质性

笔者根据大庆油田测井资料二次解释的孔隙度(φ)、泥质含量(Vsh)、粒度中值(Md)、束缚水饱和度(Swi)等资料,借助BP网络对渗透率进行预测,对该油田中部葡萄花油层组的非均质性进行了定量-半定量研究,认为大庆油田中部葡萄花油层组PI2小层层内非均质性最严重,与沉积微相密切相关;单砂层垂向上渗透率的变化以正韵律和复合式韵律为主,局部发育反韵律模式.经对葡萄花油层组PI1-PI4系统研究(PI表示葡萄花油层组一段;PI1为次一级分层,以下名称类推),层内非均质性强弱依次为PI2a、PI3、PI2b、PI1、PI4;层间非均质性在PI3 和PI4间表现得最强,其它相对要弱;各小层平面非均质性相差无几,整体表现为较强的非均质性.     

新型低密度水泥浆体系在大庆油田深层气井中的应用

针对常规漂珠的批量生产限制、承压能力差,非漂珠低密度水泥浆体系密度可控范围窄、低温强度低等问题,进行了新型深井高强低密度水泥浆体系的研究。选用新型高承压人造空心微珠作为主减轻剂,以颗粒的合理级配及紧密堆积为理论基础,通过水泥石抗压强度、水泥浆沉降稳定性等试验优选了 DC-1、DC-2外掺料,并确定最优配比。复配外加剂体系后,研制出密度为1.30～1.40 g/cm3的低密度水泥浆体系,具有密度低、强度高、稳定好等特点。该体系泥浆在大庆油According to the problems of conventional floating bead about mass production limit, poor resistance to pressure and non floating bead about narrow controllable range and low temperature strength, the study was made on high compressive strength and low density cement slurry system for new deep well. New high pressure artificial cenospheres were selected as density reducer, on the theoretical basis of reasonable gradation of particles and dense packing and by the cement compressing strength and cement slurry sedimentation stability tests, DC-1 and DC-2 additives were optimized and the optimal proportion was determined. With the additive system completion, new cement slurry system of 1.30～1.40g/cm3 was developed with the characteristics of low density, high compressive strength and good sedimentary stability, this slurry system was applied in Zhaoshen well 19 in Xujiaweizi block of Daqing oilfield. The good application effects show its good popularization and application prospect.田徐家围子区块肇深19井成功应用,取得较好的效果,具有良好的推广应用前景。     

Evaluation of groundwater quality and pollution in Daqing Oilfield

Daqing Oilfield is located in the northeast of Songnen Plain in Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province, which is a petrochemical industry gathering place based on petroleum refining, chemical industry, chemical fiber and fertilizer. In recent years, the quantity demand of petroleum and petrochemical production for groundwater in Daqing Oilfield is growing, and it’s of great significance to analyze and study the quality and pollution degree of groundwater for groundwater exploitation, utilization and protection. In this paper, groundwater quality of Daqing Oilfield evaluated by Nemerow Index is poor, and most points are Class IV groundwater; When evaluating groundwater pollution by hierarchical ladder method, the results show that the severe and extremely severe pollution points account for 34.48% in shallow phreatic water and 20% in deep confined water, showing that shallow groundwater is more seriously polluted than the deep. The main components influencing the quality of groundwater in the study area are total hardness, total dissolved solids, Cl-, SO42- and so on, which are affected by both the native environment and human activities; The main pollution components in groundwater are nitrite and nitrate nitrogen which are affected by human activities. Daqing Oilfield groundwater pollution is characterized by inorganic pollution, while organic components related to human activities contribute less to the groundwater pollution currently.     

油气微生物勘探技术在大庆升平油田的应用

油气微生物勘探(MPOG)成本低廉、简便快速、多解性小,根据它可检测微生物异常区,可以评价和预测下伏油气藏的存在和性质,能适用于大庆升平油田.笔者等在大庆升平油田内,以微生物异常为基础,结合已有的区域地质资料、钻井和测井等资料,对微生物异常区域进行了分析研究,并圈定了一个明显的异常区.通过升平油田微生物异常区与邻区的异...