缅甸含油气盆地群形成演化及其地球动力学背景

基于不同构造单元地质记录的分析，结合板块重建及地球动力学背景，对缅甸含油气盆地群的形成演化及其地球动力学背景进行了探讨。研究表明:缅甸含油气盆地群的基底是晚基梅里期变质杂岩；晚白垩世至始新世，新特提斯洋壳向西缅地块之下NNE向斜向俯冲，在西缅地块西缘发育增生楔，而在西缅地块内形成了火山弧、弧前裂陷盆地和弧后裂陷盆地；渐新世以来，新特提斯关闭，随后印度地块与西缅地块北段陆陆碰撞，西缅地块北部的盆地演化为弧后前陆盆地；印度洋壳向西缅地块中段和南段之下NEE向俯冲，西缅地块西缘先期增生楔逐步隆升为印缅山脉，印缅山脉东侧的西缅地块中南部盆地均演化为弧后挤压盆地，印缅山脉西侧的若开盆地成为弧前盆地。      

兰坪陆相盆地演化与金属矿床的形成

通过对兰坪陆相盆地地质资料的综合分析，可将兰坪陆相盆地的演化分为碰撞后裂谷盆地演化阶段、坳陷盆地演化阶段、前陆盆地演化阶段和走滑拉分盆地演化4个阶段。同时对这些演化阶段对应的金属矿床进行了研究，结果发现，兰坪盆地内几乎每一个重要的演化阶段都形成了不同程度的矿化作用，并以此为基础形成了喜山期大规模成矿作用。     

钦州前陆盆地——关于钦州残余海槽的新认识

本文首先简要地介绍了前陆盆地的一般概念及其构造—沉积演化模式,然后根据钦州—玉林地区的沉积特征及有关的区域地质资料进行综合分析,并与国外典型前陆盆地进行对比。我们认为,前人资料中的“钦州残余海槽”,应是云开碰撞造山带的前陆盆地,并尝试恢复钦州前陆盆地的构造—沉积演化过程。     

龙门山造山带与川西前陆盆地的盆山耦合关系对油气成藏的控制作用

综合地球化学、野外剖面和钻测井等资料,运用岩石学和地层对比、盆地模拟等方法,剖析了龙门山造山带和川西前陆盆地的盆山耦合关系,探讨了这种盆山耦合关系对油气成藏的控制作用,最后给出了勘探建议及有利区带预测.结果表明:龙门山造山带和川西前陆盆地在沉积和构造方面表现出良好的盆山耦合关系,具体表现在沉降与隆升的对应、物源与沉积的对应以及构造多幕性和沉积旋回性的对应等特征上;沉积耦合关系控制着烃源岩的沉积厚度及热演化程度,并影响着储层的垂向和横向分布,而构造耦合关系则对造山带和前陆盆地的断层发育以及油气运移和成藏所需圈闭具有决定性作用;盆山耦合呈多期性,具有沉积、沉降中心以及沉积相展布不断迁移和多期叠加的特征;形成了川西前陆盆地深、中、浅层的三维立体幕式演化成藏模式.有利区带预测表明:梓潼坳陷南端是深盆气的有利聚集区;浅层气主要分布在古隆起发育的盆地中、南段;深层气则多分布于盆地北部及中部地层尖灭带.     

南海南部陆缘盆地裂陷-漂移-前陆期构造演化及沉积响应:以礼乐盆地为例

通过礼乐盆地构造-地层-沉积分析，查明了其构造演化及沉积充填特征，揭示了其与南海扩张事件的成因联系，为南海边缘海演化研究提供了参考。研究结果表明:礼乐盆地新生代构造-沉积演化经历了3个差异显著的阶段，即古新世-早渐新世陆缘裂陷-滨浅海碎屑岩沉积阶段、晚渐新世-早中新世裂离漂移-浅海碳酸盐岩沉积阶段、中中新世以来周缘前陆挠曲沉降-区域差异沉积阶段。古新世-早渐新世，古南海向东南俯冲，华南古陆陆缘因水平引张力作用发生被动裂陷，形成礼乐盆地；此时以滨浅海环境为主，受碎屑物源供给控制，在盆地西北部发育一系列规模相对较大的辫状河三角洲，礼乐盆地东部、南部邻近古南海，仅在孤立隆起边缘发育规模较小的扇三角洲。晚渐新世-早中新世，古南海持续俯冲，新南海扩张，礼乐-巴拉望地块裂离华南古陆，向南漂移，盆地沉降缓慢，断层活动弱；此时以浅海-半深海环境为主，碎屑物源匮乏，盆地北部发育大型碳酸盐岩台地和生物礁，南部总体为半深海环境。中中新世以来，新南海扩张停止，礼乐-巴拉望地块向菲律宾岛弧俯冲碰撞，礼乐盆地进入周缘前陆期，以非对称挠曲沉降为特点，水深增大，断层活动增强；此时以半深海-浅海为主，盆地北部总体以碳酸盐岩台地和生物礁为特色，盆地南部局部发育深水重力流沉积。礼乐盆地构造-沉积演化与古南海俯冲-消亡、新南海扩张-关闭过程密切相关。      

试论漠河盆地的沉积特征

经过一系列的沉积学研究表明,在晚侏罗时期,漠河盆地主要发育冲积扇,扇三角洲和湖泊相沉积,这是前陆盆地的陆相磨拉石部分的范畴。在晚侏罗时期,漠河盆地有来自南北两个方向的物源,有着典型前陆盆地双向物源的特点。本文主要对漠河盆地的沉积特征进行了详细的分析,并对漠河盆地的构造类型和成因机制进行了探讨。     

琼东南盆地三亚组陆架边缘三角洲的发现及其油气勘探意义

以琼东南盆地最新钻井和地震资料解释为基础,结合区域地质背景,从岩相、地震相、平面展布及垂向演化等几个方面入手,提出了陆架边缘三角洲这一重要深水储层类型,并与正常陆架三角洲、浅海砂坝的差异进行了对比,研 究 表 明:琼 东 南 盆 地北部三亚组一段沉积时期发育陆架边缘三角洲;陆架边缘三角洲沉积于相对海平面下降期,岩性由浅灰色细砂岩－灰白色钙质细砂岩组成了多个反旋回序列,地震剖面上表现为明显前积特征,整体位于陆架边缘附近,明显区别于浅海砂坝和陆架三角洲;通过壁心储层物性分析,陆架边缘三角洲河口坝砂岩以细砂岩为主,单储厚度大、砂岩粒度粗,储 层 物 性 较 好,鉴于陆架边缘三角洲具有良好的储层特征,有望成为我国深水油气勘探的又一主要靶区,并对其他深水盆地油气勘探具有重要借鉴意义。      

四川盆地西部陆相碎屑岩层系演化与构造变形特征

四川盆地西部地区沉积了较厚的陆相碎屑岩,同时也是重要的勘探目的层系。根据地层平面展布特征以及剖面解释结果,并结合区域地质背景,分析了四川盆地西部陆相碎屑岩层系的演变过程及其构造变形特征。结果表明:受周缘造山带在不同时期差异隆升的影响,四川盆地陆相碎屑岩层系的沉积中心发生了有规律的迁移,从晚三叠世时的川西前陆盆地迁移至早—中侏罗世时的川东北前陆盆地;四川盆地西部地区陆相碎屑岩层系遭受了印支期、燕山期和喜山期等多期构造事件的影响,盆地属性也随之发生改变,从陆相碎屑岩层系沉积前的克拉通内裂陷盆地转变为晚三叠世早期的大陆边缘盆地,并最终演变为现今的陆内前陆盆地;四川盆地西部陆相碎屑岩层系构造变形以逆冲推覆和褶皱变形为主,兼具弱走滑作用,主要发育叠瓦冲断带、背冲断块、断层相关褶皱、飞来峰等构造样式,同时表现出一定的横向分带性,并控制了圈闭发育的分带性。     

鄂尔多斯南部地区早古生代主动大陆边缘演化特征

中—晚奥陶世期间 ,鄂尔多斯南部地区为古秦岭洋北侧具沟、弧、盆体系的主动大陆边缘。在此背景下 ,有序地发育了可分别用镶边碳酸盐陆棚模式及重力流模式概括的弧后盆地与残留海盆地沉积类型 ;构造轮廓为向洋呈阶状断落和块状错移结构特征的基本格局。晚奥陶世末 ,华北板块与扬子板块的陆 -陆碰撞作用结束了主动大陆边缘构造阶段     

辽西金-羊盆地西缘断裂演化历史研究

金-羊盆地西缘断裂是辽西一系列北东向逆冲推覆构造的典型代表,对金-羊盆地的形成演化和盆内沉积地层分布具有重要的控制作用。本文通过野外地质调查并结合有关资料,论述了该断裂的构造特征、演化历史和对其东侧金-羊盆地形成发展的控制作用。     

十万大山盆地北缘侏罗纪轮藻的发现及意义

在十万大山盆地北缘的中小型盆地红层中首次发现侏罗纪的轮藻类植物化石.共计2个属,7个种,2个未定种.文章根据轮藻组成特征,讨论了这些中小盆地的地质时代,认为属早中侏罗世,为十万大山盆地侏罗纪红层的研究提供了新的线索.     

Meso-Cenozo ic basin evolution in northern Korean Peninsula

In the Korean Peninsula the Meso-Cenozoic basins were mainly formed due to fault block and block movement. The Mesozoic fracture structures correspond basically to modern large rivers in direction. Such faults were usually developed to rift and formed lake-type tectonic basin, such as the Amrokgang-, Taedonggang-, Ryesonggang-, Hochongang-, Jangphari-, Susongchon-, Pujon-, and Nampho basins. The Mesozoic strata are considered to be divided into the Lower Jurassic Taedong System, Upper Jurassic Jasong System, Upper Jurassic－early Lower Cretaceous Taebo System, and the Upper Cretaceous－Paleocene (Chonjaebong, Hongwon, Jaedok Series) . The Cenozoic block movement succeeded the Mesozoic fault block movement. The Kilju-Myonchon Graben and Tumangang Basin, etc, are the basins related to the fault zones developed from the Oligocene to Miocene. In addition, the Tertiary basins were formed in many areas in the Miocene ( e. g. Sinhung, Oro, Hamhung, Yonghung, Anbyon, Cholwon, etc) . The Cenozoic sedimentation occurred mainly from the late Oligocene to Miocene. The Kilju-Myongchon Graben was the fore deep connected to the sea and the basins inclined in the Chugaryong Fault Zone are intramountain basins. Therefore, coal-bearing beds and clastic rocks in the intramountain basins and rare marine strata and terrigenous clastic rocks are main sedimentary sequences in the Cenozoic.     

Meso-Cenozoic basin evolution in northern Korean Peninsula

In the Korean Peninsula the Meso-Cenozoic basins were mainly formed due to fault block and block movement. The Mesozoic fracture structures correspond basically to modem large rivers in direction. Such faults were usually developed to rift and formed lake-type tectonic basin, such as the Amrokgang-, Taedonggang-, Ryesonggang-, Hochongang-, Jangphari-, Susongchon-, Pujon-, and Nampho basins. The Mesozoic strata are considered to be divided into the Lower Jurassic Taedong System, Upper Jurassic Jasong System, Upper Jurassic-early Lower Cretaceous Taebo System, and the Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene （ Chonjaebong, Hongwon, Jaedok Series）. The Cenozoic block movement succeeded the Mesozoic fault block movement. The Kilju-Myongchon Graben and Tumangang Basin, etc, are the basins related to the fault zones developed from the Oligocene to Miocene. In addition, the Tertiary basins were formed in many areas in the Miocene （e. g. Sinhung, Oro, Hamhung, Yonghung, Anbyon, Cholwon, etc）. The Cenozoic sedimentation occurred mainly from the late Oligocene to Miocene. The Kilju-Myongchon Graben was the fore deep connected to the sea and the basins inclined in the Chugaryong Fault Zone are intramountain basins. Therefore, coal-beating beds and clastic rocks in the intramountain basins and rare marine strata and terrigenous clastic rocks are main sedimentary sequences in the Cenozoic.     

Seismic sequence and depositional evolution of slope basins in mid-northern margin of the South China Sea

As one of the biggest marginal seas in the western Pacific margin, the South China Sea (SCS) experienced continental rifting and seafloor spreading during the Cenozoic. The northern continental margin of the SCS is classified as a passive continental margin. However, its depositional and structural evolution remains controversial, especially in the deep slope area. The lack of data hindered the correlation between continental shelf and oceanic basin, and prevented the establishment of sequence stratigraphic frame of the whole margin. The slope basins in the mid-northern margin of SCS developed in the Cenozoic; the sediments and basin infill recorded the geological history of the continental margin and the SCS spreading. Using multi-channel seismic dataset acquired in three survey cruises during 1987 to 2004, combined with the data of ODP Leg 184 core and industrial wells, we carried out the sequence stratigraphic division and correlation of the Cenozoic in the middle-northern margin of SCS with seismic profiles and sedimentary facies. We interpreted the seismic reflection properties including continuity, amplitude, frequency, reflection terminals, and 15 sequence boundaries of the Cenozoic in the study area, and correlated the well data in geological age. The depositional environment changed from river and lake, shallow bay to open-deep sea, in correspondence to tectonic events of syn-rifting, early drifting, and late drifting stages of basin evolution.     

陆相沉积盆地泥页岩含气量影响因素探讨—以潍北凹陷为例

页岩气以游离态和吸附态赋存于泥页岩中,泥页岩含气量的多少是页岩气资源潜力评价的重要指标,也是勘查开发过程中最重要的制约因素。该文利用潍北凹陷大量实测数据,分别建立泥页岩含气量与有机地化参数、储集物性参数、矿物成分等相关关系图,探讨各参数与泥页岩含气量的相关性和影响因素。研究表明:含气量与有机碳含量相关性最好,相关强度达到中等正相关;孔隙度与含气量无相关关系;岩石密度与含气量、有机碳含量均具有中等程度的负相关。提出了间接获取泥页岩含气量的方法和手段,为准确地评价页岩气资源潜力提供依据。     

Mixing in Shallow Waters： Measurements, Processing, and Applications

Microstructure profiling measurements taken on a shallow Black Sea shelf and in Lake Banyoles and Boadella reservoir (Both in Spain) are analyzed to investigate the influence of boundary-layer-induced turbulence of various sources on mixing in the water interior. The state of turbulence in shallow waters is examined and details of microstructure data processing and error analysis are discussed. The dependence between averaged activity parameter AG and buoyancy Reynolds number Reb for the shelf turbulence indicates that for Reb < 1 the state of turbulence can be described by the fossil turbulence model, which postulates AG-Reb1/2. For Reb> 1, however, the influence of Reb on AG is weak, signifying that the buoyancy Reynolds number can no longer serve as the governing parameter for active turbulent mixing. The generation of turbulence by a one-minute long wind bursts (the Boadella reservoir) increases the averaged dissipation rate (e) of the surface mixed layer by more than 5 times (up to 3×10-6 W kg-1). The influence of the wind bursts was also traced below the ther-mocline, where turbulent patches with     

临清拗陷东部横向变换构造分析

临清拗陷东部自中生代以来经历多期构造运动,构造特征极为复杂,整体呈现"东西分带,南北分块"的构造格局.在对研究区地震资料进行精细解释的基础上,分析临清拗陷东部横向变换构造带的发育特征及形成原因,探讨其油气地质意义.结果表明:临清拗陷东部的横向变换构造带划分为三级,主要发育在边界断层的上盘,是造成研究区南北分块的原因;盆地基底结构先存构造、不均匀的伸展作用,以及主要断层沿走向的分段活动,控制横向变换构造带的形成;横向变换构造带的发育影响和控制油气聚集,这些区带具备良好的油气聚集条件,是有利的油气勘探目标区域.     

滑坡的区域性与地壳形变的相关性

本文讨论了我国大陆地区滑坡发育的区域性分布及滑坡发育与地壳形变的相关性问题,认为:1)我国大陆地区滑坡发育具有区域性特点,主要集中分布于我国北纬25°—38°和东经100°—115°的范围内;2)滑坡区域性分布与地壳形变具有相关性,滑坡发育区受地壳差异性形变速率、梯度和幅值变异等控制;3)滑坡发育区主要分布于中新生代断陷盆地边缘带附近。     

基于流域盆地面积的郑洛地区史前聚落遗址分析

本文以郑洛地区为研究区域,以裴李岗文化时期、仰韶文化前期、仰韶文化后期和龙山文化时期为时间序列,对研究区域的流域盆地面积与相应的遗址点数量的关系、流域盆地面积与相应的遗址点增长速率的关系,以及各个流域盆地中遗址点分布密度的时空分布特征进行了研究。结果显示：（1）通过相关方法分析,以数字化的形式表明了流域盆地面积与分布的遗址点数量呈显著的正相关关系,且裴李岗文化时期的相关程度与其他3个文化时期相比较小;（2）对各流域盆地内遗址点的变化趋势分析发现,流域盆地面积与分布的遗址点变化趋势呈显著的正相关关系,这也解释了流域盆地黄河流域（B）、伊洛河流域（C）的变化趋势最快的缘由;（3）对各流域盆地内遗址点的分布密度进行分级可发现,在裴李岗文化时期,东部地区遗址点的分布密度大于西部地区,而其他3个文化时期是中西部地区大于东部地区。     

New tectonic map of Northern-Central-Eastern Asia:Position and evolution of Mesozoic sedimentary basins

The beginning of the XXI century was marked a new rising of the international tectonic cartography as a result of analysis and synthesis of a huge volume of geological information obtained for the territory of Asia especially during the last 30 years. The previous tectonic maps for Asia were created in the 1960 s--1970 s of the last century. Since that time,the national geological surveys have compiled tectonic maps exclusively in the limits of their own state boundaries. The international cooperation of five countries since 2002( Russia,China,Mongolia,Kazakhstan and Republic of Korea) gave a unique possibility to join the data into a united cartographic form as Atlas of Geological Maps( since 2002-Atlas of Geological Maps of Central Asia and since 2007-Atlas of Geological Maps of Northern-Central-Eastern Asia). Both atlases include four maps: geological,tectonic,metallogenic,and energy resources. Tectonic Map of Northern-Central-Eastern Asia and Adjacent Areas at scale 1 ∶ 2 500 000 was the key map for further compilation of the metallogenic and energy resources( coal,oil and gas) maps. By this reason,special attention was given to showing the structure and composition of the Mesozoic sedimentary basins in Northern-Central- Eastern Asia as the most perspective structures for oil-and-gas and coal prospect.