地震现场建筑物安全性鉴定智能辅助系统研究

本文是在对《地震现场建筑物安全鉴定》(GB18208．2—2001)国家标准进行研究和理解的基础上，对应用中出现的问题进行了分析。为了使在现场安全鉴定的工程技术人员能够较为科学、规范化地使用该标准，我们对国标中定性条款进行了量化处理，并提出了应用两层的模糊评价模型对受震房屋的震损进行鉴定的方法。最后对地震现场建筑物安全性鉴定智能辅助系统总体设计作了说明，并简要阐述了该系统的应用价值。     

地震现场建筑物安全性鉴定的数值方法研究及应用软件开发

本文首先简要介绍了地震现场建筑物安全性鉴定辅助决策系统的定义、用途及发展现状,并阐释了将其应用于地震现场中的作用、方法及意义。此外,还介绍了此辅助系统的功能和设计分析及该系统的层次结构,重点介绍了该系统的计算模型及其理论根据以及模型算法分析。深入研究了辅助系统的功能、业务流程和总体设计,讨论了系统的需求、数据的采集与管理、模型计算、结果输出、查询、统计和分析等功能,并简要介绍了辅助系统的界面设计方法及界面框图,同时对系统的进一步扩展提出了看法。     

多层砌体房屋地震现场安全性鉴定子系统的研制与开发

本文利用模糊综合评判原理研究了多层砌体房屋地震现场安全性鉴定方法,并以此为基础研制了多层砌体房屋地震现场安全性鉴定子系统。本文将该子系统运用到两个实际问题中,所得结论与专家基于经验的现场鉴定相吻合,初步验证了系统分析模块的可靠性。     

智能辅助地震区划系统IASHES

本文概述了“场地地震危险度评估专家系统”课题组６年工作的主要成果和智能辅助地震区划系统ＩＡＳＨＥＳ的组成及测试结果，着重叙述了潜辰源区两级划分的思想，Ａ级潜在辰原区地震活动趋势估计和Ｂ级潜在震源区划分及震级上限判定所依据的专家知识，以及适用于专家系统的Ｂ级潜在震源区加权系数的确定方法。     

地震现场搜救力量部署辅助决策系统研究

综合考虑灾区人口、建筑物结构类型、破坏程度、压埋人员情况、救援队能力等因素,运用相关模型和知识,结合专家评分,得出地震救援优先级,在此基础上研究地震救援力量部署.系统运用地理信息系统( GIs)、全球定位系统(GPS)技术和智能空间决策技术,结合震害预测、地震灾情快速获取技术等,为救援队指挥调配救援力量提供辅助决策,提...     

基于GIS的城市地震现场搜救指挥辅助决策系统

应用GIS技术建立城市地震现场搜救指挥辅助决策系统是提高地震现场搜救工作效率的有效途径。以软件工程为指导,提出了一种建立基于GIS技术的城市地震现场搜救指挥辅助决策系统的技术思路和解决方案,该方案阐述了城市地震现场搜救指挥辅助决策系统的体系结构、技术路线和功能构建。最后给出了试验结果。     

城市地震现场搜救指挥辅助决策系统的设计与开发

提出了一种基于GIS和空间决策技术的城市地震现场搜救指挥辅助决策系统的技术思路和解决方案,在软件的总体设计、功能模块、数据库建设、模块集成等方面进行了研究和开发,并以四川自贡市资料为例对系统功能进行了试验,最后给出了试验结果.应用GIS技术构建城市地震现场搜救指挥辅助决策系统是提高地震现场搜救工作效率的有效途径.     

基于知识的地震现场预报系统（KPSES）

基于知识的地震现场预报系统（ＫＰＳＥＳ）王炜，庄昆元，黄冰树，夏仕华，黎捷，刘文龙一、系统总体设计的基本要求根据我国多年来地震现场预报的经验和特点，ＫＰＳＥＳ的设计应能满足下列基本要求：ｌ．系统的知识表示与推理过程应能体现地震现场预报的基本思路。（ｌ...     

地震现场倒塌建筑物的搜救策略研究

与一般倒塌建筑物的搜救不同,地震灾害现场的搜救将可能面对大量的、类型复杂、倒塌情况复杂的建筑物,制定科学的搜救策略对于快速有效的营救被困人员十分重要。本文对近几年有关地震现场搜救策略的研究进展进行了综述和现状分析,并在此基础上,从搜救分区、搜救目标的优选、具体营救方案制定几个方面,对如何根据现场情况进行科学的搜救策略制定进行了系统的阐述。     

车载地震现场应急通讯技术系统

概要介绍了"十五"网络项目中建设的车载地震现场应急通讯技术系统的主要功能、应用模式和如何在现场进行综合应用.并根据该系统在汶川8.0级特大地震的使用情况,提出了保证系统安全有效运行应考虑保障措施建议.     

Cursory seismic drift assessment for buildings in moderate seismicity regions

This paper outlines a methodology to assess the seismic drift of reinforced concrete buildings with limited structural and geotechnical information. Based on the latest and the most advanced research on predicting potential near-field and far field earthquakes affecting Hong Kong, the engineering response spectra for both rock and soil sites are derived. A new step-by-step procedure for displacement-based seismic hazard assessment of building structures is proposed to determine the maximum inter-storey drift demand for reinforced concrete buildings. The primary information required for this assessment is only the depth of the soft soil above bedrock and the height of the building. This procedure is further extended to assess the maximum chord rotation angle demand for the coupling beam of coupled shear wall or frame wall structures, which may be very critical when subjected to earthquake forces. An example is provided to illustrate calibration of the assessment procedure by using actual engineering structural models.     

Development of seismic force requirements for buildings in Taiwan

This paper describes static and dynamic procedures to calculate seismic demand specified by the current seismic design code for buildings in Taiwan,which was issued in 2005.For design levels with a return period of475 years,the design spectral response acceleration can be developed for general sites,near-fault sites and Taipei Basin.In addition,in order to prevent building collapse during extremely large earthquakes and yielding of structural components and elements during frequent small earthquakes,the ...     

Code‐based record selection methods for seismic performance assessment of buildings

The recent concerns regarding the seismic safety of the existing building stock have highlighted the need for an improvement of current seismic assessment procedures. Alongside with the development of more advanced commercial software tools and computational capacities, nonlinear dynamic analysis is progressively becoming a common and preferable procedure in the seismic assessment of buildings. Besides the complexity associated with the formulation of the mathematical model, major issues arise related with the definition of the seismic action, which can lead to different levels of uncertainty in terms of local and global building response. Aiming to address this issue, a comparative study of different code‐based record selection methods proposed by Eurocode 8, ASCE41‐13 and NZS1170.5:2004 is presented herein. The various methods are employed in the seismic assessment of four steel buildings, designed according to different criteria, and the obtained results are compared and discussed. Special attention is devoted to the influence of the number of real ground motion records selected on the estimation of the mean seismic response and, importantly, to the efficiency that is achieved when an additional selection criteria, based on the control of the spectral mismatch of each individual record with respect to the reference response spectrum, is adopted. The sufficiency of the methods with respect to the pairs of M–R of the selected group of records and the robustness of the scaling procedure are also examined. The paper closes with a study which demonstrates the suitability of a simplified probability‐based approach recently proposed for estimating mean seismic demands. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

地震安全性评价和高层建筑的地震动输入

本文根据现行的中国地震烈度区划图中烈度的含义,指出在使用现行“建筑抗震设计规范”时存在的一些问题和与《中华人民共和国防震减灾法》的不协调之处。根据多年参加工程场地地震安全性评价的经验,总结了目前进行地震安全性评价过程中存在的一些问题。文中建议：针对高层建筑进行新的场地分类方法的研究;对高层建筑工程场地作地震安全性评价时,可根据高度的不同,适当简化安全性评价过程。     

堤防工程安全评估中几个问题的探讨

在对国内外有关堤防工程安全评估研究工作调查的基础上,针对目前堤防工程的管理现状和发展前景,从堤防工程安全评价的含义、影响堤防工程安全的主要因素、影响因素的量化处理和权系数的选择、评估指标集的选取等几个方面对影响堤防工程安全评估进行了系统的探讨,并对堤防实时监测工作的几个环节给予了讨论。在此基础上初步形成了堤防工程安全评估的理论体系。     

Evaluating assumptions for seismic assessment of existing buildings

This paper evaluates the American FEMA 356 and the Greek GRECO (EC 8 based) procedural assumptions for the assessment of the seismic capacity of existing buildings via pushover analyses. Available experimental results from a four-storeyed building are used to compare the two different sets of assumptions. If the comparison is performed in terms of initial stiffness or plastic deformation capacities, the different partial assumptions of the procedures lead to large discrepancies, while the opposite occurs when the comparison is performed in terms of structural performance levels at target displacements. According to FEMA 356 assumptions, effective yield point rigidities are approximately four times greater than those of EC 8. Both procedures predicted that the structure would behave elastically during low-level excitation and that the structural performance level at target displacement for a high-level excitation would be between the Immediate Occupancy and Life Safety performance levels.     

Methodology for practical seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry buildings with historical value

Historical constructions are part of the world heritage, and their survival is an important priority. Comprising mostly unreinforced, load‐bearing masonry, heritage buildings may date anywhere from antiquity to the 19th and early 20th century. Being exposed to the elements over the years, they are in various states of disrepair and material degradation. Based on postearthquake reconnaissance reports, these structures occasionally behave rather poorly, even in moderate seismic events, undergoing catastrophic damage and collapse, whereas retrofitting is governed by international conventions regarding noninvasiveness and reversibility of the intervention. The complexity of their structural systems (continuous structural components, lack of diaphragm action, material brittleness, and variability) challenges the established methods of condition assessment of preretrofitted and postretrofitted heritage constructions. The most advanced state of the art in materials and analysis tools is required, far more complex than with conventional buildings. Thus, an assessment procedure specifically geared to this class of structures is urgently needed, in order to assist engineers in this endeavor. The objective of this paper is the development of a performance‐based assessment framework that is palatable to practitioners and quite accurate in seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry buildings with no diaphragm action. The underlying theoretical background of the method is illustrated with reference to first principles: global demand is obtained from the design earthquake scenario for the region, using empirical estimates for the prevailing translational period of the system; deformation demands are localized using an approximation to the translational 3‐D shape of lateral response, estimated using a uniform gravitational field in the direction of action of the earthquake; acceptance criteria are specified in terms of relative drift ratios, referring to the in‐plane and the out‐of‐plane action of the masonry piers. The quantitative accuracy of the introduced procedure is evaluated through comparison with detailed time‐history dynamic analysis results, using a real life example case study. Qualitative relevance of the results is evaluated through comparison of the location and extent of anticipated damage estimated from the proposed assessment procedure, with reported records of the building damages that occurred during a significant past earthquake event.