超因于星系并合的双星系的自旋相关性

Ｈｅｌｏｕ将双星系中的自旋方向的统计研究方法用到星系形成过程中,发现旋涡星系的自旋是反相关的,由此联想到在由星系并合过程中自旋对轨道倾角的依赖性。将Ａａｒｓｅｔｈ的标准Ｎ体模拟程序加上动力摩擦,形成一个研究星系并合的Ｎ体模拟程序,用来研究小星系群中星系的自旋和轨道倾角的依赖性。结果表明,在小星系群中,的确存在着类似旋涡星系中的自旋和轨道倾角的反相关性。     

星系多次并合的解析模型

本文建立了星系集团多次并合所满足的一个方程组,并用数值求解得出了多次并合过程的一些物理性质．模型计算表明,那些初始较致密的星系集团,现在应正处于多次并合的过程之中,而它的数面密度却不因并合和半径收缩而增大．     

星系多次并合的解析模型

本建立了星系集团多次并合新满足的一个方程组,并用数值求解得出了多次并合过程的一些物理性质,模型计算表明,那些初始较致密的星系集团,现在应正处于多次并合的过程之中,而它的数面密度却不因并和半径收缩而增大。     

星系成团与并合研究

宇宙结构的形成和星系演化是当今天体物理学的重大课题.本论文的工作主要包括两部分:星系团的证认和研究;大质量早型星系的并合及引力波辐射.本文第1部分讨论了从SDSS DR6测光数据中证认星系团并研究它们的性质.前人从光学数据中得到的星系团绝大部分红移小于0.3,而且它们的富度估计不够准确.利用星系测光红移,我们在红移0.05相似文献   

主并合星系对SFR的增幅与其他参数关系的研究

主并合星系对是研究星系同时受到本身与外部环境影响的绝佳实验对象,而星系恒星形成率的变化可以示踪这些影响产生的作用.星系的恒星质量、星系对之间的投影距离与相对倾角都是影响恒星形成率的几个重要因素.研究结果表明,更大恒星质量星系倾向于有更大的恒星形成率增幅,相对倾角接近平行的星系同样趋于有更大的恒星形成率增幅,而投影距离在研究范围内与恒星形成率没有相关性.     

E+A星系的研究进展

E+A星系的光谱具有很强的巴耳末吸收线,缺乏与恒星形成相关的发射线,将典型的椭圆星系(E)和A型恒星的光谱进行线性组合就能够拟合出这类星系的光谱.它们的颜色、形态、星族年龄等参数介于典型的早型和晚型星系之间.E+A星系近期经历了星暴活动,在星系演化进程中,它们处于晚型到早型的过渡阶段,可能在演变过程中扮演着重要角色.介...     

星系相互作用的一个结果：环星系形成的数值模拟

通过数值模拟相互作用星素（包括靶星系和入侵星系）的碰撞，研究环星系的形成。由于采用旋涡结构作为靶盘试验星分布函数，不同于Ｔｏｏｍｒｅ采用一系列同心圆作为试验星的分布函数，模拟得到环的结构比Ｔｏｏｍｒｅ的模拟更接近于实际环星系。     

极亮红外星系的HST面源测光研究

星系间的相互作用和合并是一个非常普遍的现象,在星系的形成和演化过程中扮演了一个重要角色。理论和实测都有表明星系并合是椭圆星系形成的重要途径。极亮红外星系（ＵＬＩＲＧｓ）与星系间的相互作用和并合密切相关,是研究星系并合现象的理想实验室,对它们的测光研究将有助于理解星系的并合过程。哈勃望远镜（ＨＳＴ）的高分辨率观测为这方面的研究提供了条件。我们利用哈勃望远镜（ＨＳＴ）的宽场行星照相机（ＷＦＰＣ２）对极亮红外星短曝光巡天的Ｉ波段数据,选出了一个子样本。该子样本由２１个以单核为主的极亮红外星系组成,这些星系一般处于星系并合的晚期。我们对这些星系进行了面源测光研究,并根据面亮度轮廓与Ｒ１／４律的差别利用χ＾２判据律将它们分成了两大类：第一类八个星系的面亮度轮廓可以用Ｒ１／４律很好地拟合;而第二类星系在面亮度轮廓与Ｒ１／４     

星系中分子气体物理性质的观测研究

为了研究亮红外星系中分子气体的物理性质,本论文给出了一个小样本近邻亮红外星系初步的观测结果、一个高红移星系IRAS F10214+4724的详细研究以及一个近邻亮红外星系ARP 302的高分辨研究.另外,对Perseus星系团中存在的分子气体给出了高分辨的观测,并研究其气体的运动学状态.对一个小样本的亮红外星系,得到了CO(J=3→2)的成图结果,揭示其气体分布都集中在星系中心或者是并合星系的中心及其星系核的重叠区域.对于其中的一个源NGC 3256,给出了其CO(J=3→2)、     

不同质量比并合对黑洞自旋演化的影响

研究了在仅有并合时黑洞自旋的演化分布.利用了后牛顿近似处理并合后的角动量问题,采用蒙特卡洛方法模拟了不同条件下的并合影响.结果表明主并合不能使黑洞自旋分布稳定,而小并合可使黑洞自旋平稳地降低.当取并合质量比为幂指数形式时黑洞自旋分布可以稳定在-个小自旋占绝对份额的水平,同时,也讨论了射电强活动星系核和黑洞自旋在不同假设下的关系.最后计算并给出了射电噪度的分布情况.     

GABE: Galaxy Assembly with Binary Evolution

We developed a new semi-analytic galaxy formation model: Galaxy Assembly with Binary Evolution(GABE). For the first time, we introduce binary evolution into semi-analytic models of galaxy formation by using the Yunnan-II stellar population synthesis model, which includes various binary interactions. When implementing our galaxy formation model onto the merger trees extracted from the Millennium simulation, it can reproduce a large body of observational results. We find that in the local universe, the model including binary evolution reduces the luminosity at optical and infrared wavelengths slightly, but it increases the luminosity at ultraviolet wavelengths significantly, especially in FUV band. The resulting luminosity function does not change very much over SDSS optical bands and infrared band, but the predicted colors are bluer, especially when the FUV band is under consideration. The new model allows us to explore the physics of various high energy events related to the remnants of binary stars, such as type Ia supernovae, short gamma-ray bursts and gravitational wave events, and their relation with host galaxies in a cosmological context.     

Merger Dynamics of the Pair of Galaxy Clusters——A399 and A401

Convincing evidence for a past interaction between the two rich clusters A399 and A401 was recently found in the X-ray imaging observations. We examine the structure and dynamics of this pair of galaxy clusters. A mixture-modeling algorithm was applied to obtain a robust partition into two clusters, which allowed us to discuss the virial mass and velocity distribution of each cluster. Assuming that these two clusters follow a linear orbit and they have once experienced a close encounter, we model the binary cluster as a two-body system. As a result, four gravitationally bound solutions are obtained. The recent X-ray observations seem to favor a scenario in which the two clusters with a true separation of 5.4h-1 Mpc are currently expanding at 583 km s-1 along a direction with a projection angle of 67.5°, and they will reach a maximum extent of 5.65 h-1 Mpc in about 1.0 h-1 Gyr.     

Population Synthesis of Binary Be Stars with Degenerate Companions in the Galaxy

Using the numerical code (`Scenario Machine') we study of number and physical properties of binary Be stars. Evolutionary tracks leading to a formation of the observational binary systems are presented. We conclude that synchronization must be taken into account when calculating binary Be star evolution and calculate the minimal orbital period for Be/evolved companion binary. The obtained distributions over orbital parameters are in good agreement with the observational lack of short-period Be/X-ray binaries. According to our calculations 70% of all Be stars must have a white dwarf. The white dwarfs in these systems should be hot enough with the surface temperature distribution peaking at 10000–20000 K. Their detection is possible during the period of the lack of Be star envelope by the detection of white dwarf extremely UV and soft X-ray emission. This method of registration appears to be particularly promising for `single' early-type Be stars because in these systems the white dwarfs must have a very high surface temperature. However, the loss of the Be disc-like envelope does not often occur and it is a rather rare event for many Be stars. The best possibility of white dwarf detection is given by the study of helium spectral lines found in emission from several Be stars. The ultraviolet continuum energy of these Be stars is found to be not enough to produce the observed helium emission. Besides, we also discuss the orbital properties of binary Be star systems with other evolved companions such as helium stars and neutron stars and give a possible explanation for the lack of Be/black hole binaries. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Modelling the merging history of Binary SMBHs in Hierarchical Models of Galaxy Formation

We present a model describing the evolution of a Super Massive Black Holes (SMBHs) population within the framework of hierarchical models of galaxy formation. The occurrence of SMBHs binaries at different redshifts and the influence of the interacting SMBHS on the host galaxies are studied by means of Montecarlo realizations of halo merging histories, coupled with a semi-analytical treatment of the interactions between the systems. We find that the main parameters governing the coalescence timescale, and hence the fraction of binary systems, are the initial mass and the accretion history of the SMBHs. This revised version was published online in September 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Galaxy evolution in clusters

The galaxy populations in present-day clusters are distinctly different from those of the field, indicating that environment plays a strong role in galaxy evolution. This review discusses some of the recent observations of moderate to high redshift clusters. A consistent picture of galaxy evolution in clusters appears to be emerging, which includes a population of galaxies which formed early in the cluster history, as well as field galaxies which have had their star formation truncated upon falling into the cluster potential. Galaxy interactions probably play an important role in exhausting star formation in some of these galaxies. However, there is significant variation in the populations of different cluster samples, with substantial evidence that some galaxies have their star formation terminated more gradually. This suggests that different mechanisms may dominate in different clusters, perhaps because of the recent merging history of the clusters. We also present a recent analysis of population gradients in clusters which suggests that the observed evolution in cluster populations is consistent with a scenario where changing infall rates drive the fraction of star forming galaxies in clusters, rather than a changing physical mechanism within the cluster. Thus, galaxy populations may provide a fundamental measure of the growth of large scale structure. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Eclipsing Binary Stars in Nearby Galaxies

We briefly discuss the survey programme we are conducting to detect eclipsing binaries in local group galaxies. Some lightcurves from studies of M31, IC 1613 and NGC 6822 are presented along with details of future work.     

Correlation properties of galaxies from the Main Galaxy Sample of the SDSS survey

The apparatus of correlation gamma function (Γ^*(r)) is used to analyze volume-limited samples from the DR4 Main Galaxy Sample of the SDSS survey with the aim of determining the characteristic scales of galaxy clustering. Up to 20h ^?1 Mpc (H ₀ = 65 km s^?1 Mpc^?1), the distribution of galaxies is described by a power-law density—distance dependence, Γ^*(r) ∝ r ^?γ , with an index γ ≈ 1.0. A change in the state of clustering (a significant deviation from the power law) was found on a scale of (20–25) h ^?1 Mpc. The distribution of SDSS galaxies becomes homogeneous (γ ～ 0) from a scale of ～60h ^?1 Mpc. The dependence of γ on the luminosity of galaxies in volume-limited samples was obtained. The power-law index γ increases with decreasing absolute magnitude of sample galaxies M _abs. At M _abs ～ ?21.4, which corresponds to the characteristic value M _r ^* of the SDSS luminosity function, this dependence exhibits a break followed by a more rapid increase in γ.     

Influence of the Choice of Core-Envelope Transition Point on the Binary Merger of Two Main-sequence Components

We have studied the influence of different choices of core-envelope transition point on the final merger of contact binaries with two main-sequence components. A binary of 1.00 + 0.90M⊙ with an initial orbital period of 0.35d is examined. The mass fraction of the primary mixed with the matter of the secondary, qmix, determined by the chosen core-envelope transition point, ranges from 0.04 to 1.00 in our analysis. If as qmix< 0.8, none of the     

Galaxy star formation in different environments

We use a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation to study signatures of large-scale modulations in the star formation (SF) activity in galaxies. In order to do this, we carefully define local and global estimators of the density around galaxies. The former are computed using a voronoi tessellation technique and the latter are parametrized by the normalized distance to haloes and voids, in terms of the virial and void radii, respectively. As a function of local density, galaxies show a strong modulation in their SF, a result that is in agreement with those from several authors. When taking subsamples of equal local density at different large-scale environments, we find relevant global effects whereby the fraction of red galaxies diminishes for galaxies in equal local density environments farther away from clusters and closer to voids. In general, the semi-analytic simulation is in good agreement with the available observational results, and offers the possibility to disentangle many of the processes responsible for the variation of galaxy properties with the environment; we find that the changes found in samples of galaxies with equal local environment but different distances to haloes or voids come from the variations in the underlying mass function of dark matter (DM) haloes. There is an additional possible effect coming from the host DM halo ages, indicating that halo assembly also plays a small but significant role (1.14σ) in shaping the properties of galaxies, and in particular, hints at a possible spatial correlation in halo/stellar mass ages. An interesting result comes from the analysis of the coherence of flows in different large-scale environments of fixed local densities; the neighbourhoods of massive haloes are characterized by lower coherences than control samples, except for galaxies in filament-like regions, which show highly coherent motions.