过硫酸盐氧化修复后土壤对建筑物的腐蚀性分析

过硫酸盐作为良好的氧化剂被广泛应用于有机污染土壤的修复领域,但残留的过硫酸盐和氧化反应产生的副产物对建筑物的混凝土和钢结构产生的腐蚀性影响往往被忽视.通过对某多环芳烃类土壤污染地块修复前后的土壤相关指标的分析检测,分析了该地块污染土壤采用过硫酸钠体系修复后对建筑材料的腐蚀性产生的影响.实验结果表明,修复后土壤对混凝土和...     

利用间接光度法测定水中的二苯胺

废水中二苯胺的分析方法有气相色谱和液相色谱法。气相色谱法不能直接测定水中二苯胺的含量,需经过提取、浓缩等过程;液相色谱法则操作费用较高。因此,这2种方法作为选择工艺条件的监测手段都有缺陷。本文利用二苯胺易被氧化的性质建立了水溶液中二苯胺的间接吸光光度法。该法的原理是以铁（Ⅲ）—邻菲罗啉混合液为显色剂在一定的条件下使二苯胺将Fe^3＋还原为Fe^2＋,产生的Fe^2＋再与邻菲罗啉显色并测定,从而间接测定出废水中二苯胺的含量。     

光催化降解含乐果废水的研究

以半导体TiO2和自制复合型半导体Fe2O3/TiO2为催化剂对光催化降解乐果废水进行了研究.研究表明复合型光催化剂在可见光照下以及紫外光照下的活性都较好;而半导体TiO2只在紫外光照下才能降解乐果.控制催化剂TiO2的用量能提高对乐果的降解率.     

Enhancing effect of Fe2+ on the formaldehyde production from trimethylamine N-oxide decomposition catalyzed by the extract of Harpadon nehereus kidney

The effects of Fe2+ on the trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) demethylating activity of the Harpadon nehereus kidney extract were studied in this research.The activity of the kidney extract was presumably inhibited by ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA),which indicates that the kidney extract contains an enzyme or enzyme system with metal cations as activator.Activity of the kidney extract was enhanced significantly when Fe2+ was added into the model system in vitro.As the concentration of Fe2+ increased,the decomposing rate of TMAO increased rapidly until TMAO decomposed completely.The activity of the kidney extract was also enhanced by reductant such as ascorbic acid.Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) was employed to determine the content of total iron in a number of fishery products.Significant positive correlation between the contents of total iron and endogenous formaldehyde (FA) was found,especially in marine products.     

Biosorption behavior and mechanism of lead (II) from aqueous solution by aerobic granules (AG) and bacterial alginate (BA)

Lead(Pb) and its compounds are common pollutants in industrial wastewaters.To develop appropriate Pb 2+ treatment technologies,aerobic granules(AG) and bacterial alginates(BA) were studied as alternative biosorbents to remove Pb 2+ from aqueous solutions.The biosorption mechanism of AG and BA were further analyzed to determine which functional groups in AG and BA are active in Pb 2+ biosorption.In this paper,the Pb 2+ biosorption behavior of AG and BA was respectively investigated in batch experiments from the perspectives of the initial pH,contact time,and initial Pb 2+ concentration.The results showed that biosorption of Pb 2+ by AG and BA occurred within 60min at the initial Pb 2+ concentrations(0 150 mg L-1).The actual saturated Pb 2+ biosorption capability of AG was 101.97 mg g-1(dry weight of aerobic granular biomass).When the initial pH was 5,the biosorption capability of AG and BA was highest at the initial Pb 2+ concentrations(0 20mg L-1).During the process of Pb 2+ biosorption,K +,Ca 2+,and Mg 2+ were released.The Ion Chromatography(IC) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR) further highlighted the main role of ion exchange between Ca 2+ and Pb 2+ and sequestration of Pb 2+ with carboxyl(-COO) of AG and BA.This analogical analysis verifies that BA is responsible for biosorption of Pb 2+ by AG.At the same optimal pH,AG cultivated with different carbon source has different Pb 2+ biosorption capacity.The Pb 2+ biosorption by AG with sodium acetate as the sole carbon source is higher than AG with glucose as carbon source.     

铁锰氧化物对苯酚氧化降解的实验研究

为了考察铁锰氧化物对酚类污染物的氧化降解能力,采用天然以及合成的铁锰氧化物对苯酚的氧化降解进行对比实验研究.土壤中铁锰氧化物样品分别为天然针铁矿及氧化锰,合成铁锰氧化物样品分别为合成针铁矿及软锰矿.结果表明:苯酚与铁锰氧化物发生氧化还原作用时,还可能与土壤中杂质发生吸附等作用;铁锰氧化物还原反应强度随着反应介质pH值的...     

Toxic effects of Zn2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ and NH3 on Chinese prawn

This study deals with the toxic effects of Zn²⁺, Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺ and NH₃ on Chinese prawn (Penaeus orientalis). The median lethal concentrations of the toxic matters on Chinese prawn were determined. Cd²⁺>Cu²⁺>Zn²⁺>NH₃-Nm is the toxic order of these chemicals to Chinese prawn. The toxic order of concentrated Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺ in tissues and organs of Chinese prawn is in the order. gill>shell+appendage>viscera>muscle.     

北斗三号新信号B2a和B2（B2a+b）质量分析及星座几何性能评估

在最新的能接收到北斗三号新信号B2a及B2（B2a+b）的MGEX测站数据基础上，分析BDS-3信号的载噪比、多路径及卫星的三维位置精度因子（PDOP）。结果表明，与GPS相比，BDS的载噪比B2（B2a+b）>B2a≈L5>B3≈B2b>B1≈L1>L2，多路径误差B2(B2a+b)相似文献   

负载型纳米TiO_2光催化杀灭溶藻弧菌的研究

采用平均粒径约5nm,主要结构为锐钛矿型的纳米TiO2光催化剂,以泡沫型复合镍板为载体对纳米TiO2进行固定,并对固定后的纳米TiO2杀灭溶藻弧菌的能力进行了研究。结果表明:利用高压汞灯作为光源,以泡沫型复合镍板为载体的纳米TiO2对溶藻弧菌具有较强的杀灭能力;极少量过氧化氢的加入加快了纳米TiO2的杀菌速度;因此,负载型纳米TiO2在水产病害防治方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

Synthesis of three-dimensional agaric-like biomorphic TiO2 by a facile method with Coscinodiscus sp. frustule

The paper aims to expand the application of natural marine algae.Marine diatoms,which have intricate frustule structures,can serve as bio-template for preparing three-dimensional materials.A simple and effective approach to synthesize the corrugated agaric-like biomorphic TiO 2 templated with frustule of Coscinodiscus sp.is reported.In the sol-gel preparation process,the titania-coating on the frustule is prepared through the deposition and condensation with the aid of acetylacetone(acac) as a controlling agent to make the precursor Ti(BuO) 4 hydrolyze slowly.The as-prepared titania-coated frustule and biomorphic TiO 2 is characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) attached with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer(EMAX) and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The microstructure of the corresponding titania nanoparticles appears to be sphere with the diameters distributed around 10 20 nm.The templating process is repeated for three cycles.Subsequently,the three-dimensional freestanding corrugated agaric-like biomorphic TiO 2 structure is obtained by a selective removal in the NaOH solution.As far as we known,the 3D freestanding corrugated agaric-like biomorphic TiO 2 with greatly increased surface area is obtained for the first time.     

Biosorption of Cd (Ⅱ) and Pb (Ⅱ) Ions by Aqueous Solutions of Novel Alkalophillic Streptomyces VITSVK5 spp. Biomass

Discharge of heavy metals from metal processing industries is known to have adverse effects on the environment. Biosorption of heavy metals by metabolically inactive biomass of microbial organisms is an innovative and alternative technology for removal of these pollutants from aqueous solution. The search of marine actinobacteria with potential heavy metal biosorption ability resulted in the identification of a novel alkalophilic Streptomyces VITSVK5 species. The biosorption property of Streptomyces VITSVK5 spp. was investigated by absorbing heavy metals Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb). Physiochemical characteristics and trace metal concentration analysis of the backwater showed the concentrations of different metals were lead 13±2.1 μg L⁻¹, cadmium 3.1±0.3μg L⁻¹, zinc 8.4±2.6μg L⁻¹ and copper 0.3±0.1μg L⁻¹, whereas mercury was well below the detection limit. The effect of pH and biomass dosage on removal efficiency of heavy metal ions was also investigated. The optimum pH for maximal biosorption was 4.0 for Cd (II) and 5.0 for Pb (II) with 41% and 84% biosorption respectively. The biosorbent dosage was optimized as 3 g L-1 for both the trace metals. Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrum results indicated the chemical interactions of hydrogen atoms in carboxyl (-COOH), hydroxyl (-CHOH) and amine (-NH₂) groups of biomass with the metal ions. This could be mainly involved in the biosorption of Cd (II) and Pb (II) onto Streptomyces VITSVK5 spp. The results of our study revealed Streptomyces metabolites could be used to develop a biosorbent for adsorbing metal ions from aqueous environments.     

The influence of Fe^2＋ on growth and development of cells enzymatically isolated from Porphyra yezoensis blades

Fe^2＋ acted as an accessorial factor for many cellular enzymatic reactions is very important for seaweed growth and development, but the Fe^2＋ requirement in nori had not been seen. Porphyra yezoensis cells were separated enzymatically and cultured in a series of sterilized seawater media containing various concentrations of Fe^2＋. The growth development and cell were investigated in this work. Through this experiment, two biologically-meant concentration scales were found, one is low concentrations, 12.1-102.1μg/L, 10-100 times than that in seawater, favoring the development of isolated cells of Porphyra and the other was high concentrations, more than 10mg/L inhibiting the cell growth, leading to the deformity and shrinkage of the cells. At the concentration of 50 mg/L, the cells stopped growing and died eventually.