塔里木盆地原油噻吩类化合物的组成特征及地球化学意义

对塔里木盆地典型原油噻吩类化合物含量和组成特征研究,发现不同类型原油苯并萘噻吩和二苯并噻吩系列化合物占芳烃化合物的百分含量相差明显,海相油含量最高,湖相油次之,而煤成油最低。本文提出了４－甲基二苯并噻吩／二苯并噻吩、（２＋３）－甲基二苯并噻吩／二苯并噻吩比值是区分海相油和湖相油新的有机地球化学参数。二苯并噻吩系列化合物最大烷化度表明海相油呈现出高烷化度,而陆相油则表现为低烷化度,即从海相泥灰岩原油、海相碳酸盐岩原油到湖相油和煤成油依次减少。这是因为富硫与贫硫干酪根在生烃过程中的环化作用或支链化作用程度差异所造成的。     

在石油渗透过程的模拟中单芳烃和双芳烃组分的变化

进行了原油在砂质－粉砂质岩石中渗透的模拟，研究了石油在岩石中的运移对单芳烃和双芳烃的系列组分及单一组分变化的影响。指出最终滤液中的积累的环烷酸盐转换化合物能反映在渗透时单芳烃和芳烃中撮大“残留物”。烷基苯中，Ｃ１９－Ｃ２７成分的高分子正烷基苯（Ｈ－烷基苯），１，２－和１，３－甲基烷苯在岩石中具有高的保留率。在相同成分的烷基萘中，２，６－，２，７－和１，７－二甲基萘最活跃。提出了计算石油经过岩石运移     

2-[2-(5-甲基苯并噻唑)偶氮]-5-二乙氨基苯甲酸的离解平衡及其与铁的显色反应

研究了新显色剂２－［２－（５－甲基苯并噻唑）偶氮］－５－二乙氨基苯甲酸（５－Ｍｅ－ＢＴＡＥＢ）的离解平衡及与Ｆｅ２＋形成配合物的条件。在十二烷基硫酸钠的存在下,５－Ｍｅ－ＢＴＡＥＢ与Ｆｅ２＋形成稳定的蓝紫色２∶１配合物,其最大吸收波长为６４０ｎｍ,表观摩尔吸光系数为１．０３×１０５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１。Ｆｅ２＋的质量浓度在０～４８０μｇ／Ｌ时服从比尔定律。方法用于部级铝合金标样中微量铁的测定,结果与推荐值相符,对ｗ（Ｆｅ）为０．１％～０．５％的样品测定１０次,ＲＳＤ在０．８５％～１．９５％,用于测定矿泉水中ｗ（Ｆｅ）／１０－６铁的测定,ＲＳＤ＜１．５％（ｎ＝７）,加标回收率９８．９％～９９．４％     

2-〔2-(6-甲基苯并噻唑)偶氮〕-5-二乙氨基苯甲酸与钴的显色反应及其应用

在十二烷基硫酸钠存在下，于ｐＨ４．８￣７．４的缓冲溶液中，２－〔２－（６－甲基苯并噻唑）偶氮〕－５－二乙氨基苯甲酸（６－Ｍｅ－ＢＴＡＥＢ）与Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）发生显色反应，形成稳定的蓝紫色络合物，其组成为ｎＣｏ（Ⅱ）：ｎ６－Ｍｅ－ＢＴＡＥＢ＝１：２，最大吸收波长为６５０ｎｍ，ε为１．３８×１０＾５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ＾－１·ｃｍ＾－１，Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）质量浓度在０￣０．３２ｍｇ／Ｌ时服从比尔定律。方法可直接用于维生素Ｂ１     

2，4－二溴－6－羧基苯重氮氨基偶氮苯光度法测定痕量铊的研究

研究了新试剂２，４－二溴－６－羧基苯重氮氨基偶氮苯与Ｔｌ（Ⅲ）的高灵敏显色反应。在非离子表面活性剂ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００存在下，于ｐＨ１０．５的ＮＨ＿３·Ｈ＿２Ｏ－ＮＨ＿４Ｃｌ缓冲介质中，Ｔｌ（Ⅲ’）与该试剂生成红色配合物，其配合物的最大吸收波长位于５２０ｎｍ处，摩尔吸光系数为１．８３×１０￣５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ￣－１·ｃｍ￣－１。Ｔｌ（Ⅲ’）量在０～０．６４μｇ／ｍｌ范围内符合比尔定律。方法用于废水中痕量Ｔｌ的测定，结果与其它方法结果相符。测定工业废水及粉煤灰中痕量Ｔｌ的ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝６）在１．６％～３．２％范围。     

龙门山冲断带的隆升和川西前陆盆地的沉降

通过龙门山区和川西前陆盆地岩石样品的裂变径迹和镜质体反射率的测定和计算机模拟得出：１）松潘－甘孜褶皱带１０Ｍａ以来至少隆升了３－４ｋｍ，隆升速率最低为０．３－０．４ｍｍ／ａ；（２）龙门山逆冲推覆构造带１０Ｍａ以来至少隆升了５－６ｋｍ，隆升速率最低为０．０１６－０．０３２ｍｍ／ａ；（４）川西前陆盆地６０Ｍａ以来降升１－２ｋｍ，降升速率为０．０２８－０．０５ｍｍ／ａ；（５）１０Ｍａ以来北川－映秀－小关     

钪－4，5－二溴苯基荧光酮－CTMAB－吐温－60多元配合物的分光光度法研究

研究结果表明，在混合表面活性剂ＣＴＭＡＢ－吐温－６０存在下的ｐＨ５．７～６．５的缓冲介质中，Ｓｃ（Ⅲ）与４，５－二溴苯基荧光酮（ＤＢＰＦ）形成高灵敏的多元配合物，其ε＿（５９０）＝２．２６×１０￣５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）·ｃｍ￣（－１），组成比为：Ｓｃ：ＤＢＰＦ：ＣＴＭＡＢ＝１：２：４。采用混合表面活性剂使增溶增敏作用更为显著，并加速了显色反应，增强了配合物的稳定性。而Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４的加入能显著地提高体系的灵敏度。Ｓｃ量在０～０．３６ｕｇ／ｍｌ范围内遵守比尔定律。方法可直接测定合成混合稀土中的Ｓｃ，回收率在９８％～１０５％；结合沉淀分离和ＰＭＢＰ萃取分离，实现了地质试样中痕量Ｓｃ的测定。     

云南洱海东部新生代岩浆岩岩石化学

洱海东部新生代岩浆岩Ｋ－Ａｒ年龄范围为２９～３７Ｍａ，属于第三纪。岩石有超基性、基性、中性和酸性碱性岩。岩石化学成分富碱（Ｎａ２Ｏ＋Ｋ２Ｏ＝６．７～９．０％），钾销比值高（Ｋ２Ｏ／Ｎａ２Ｏ＞ｌ），钛（ＴｉＯ２＝０．４９％）和铁（ＦｅＯ＝５．８８％）富集度较低，氧化程度高（Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／ＦｅＯ＝０．６～４．６）等，属于典型的钾玄岩系列，有别于拉斑玄武岩系列、钙碱性系列和碱性玄武岩系列岩石。形成于陆内裂谷构造环境，其物质来源于交代的钾质富集型软流圈地幔源区。     

刍云深水凹陷高成熟原油芳烃地球化学特征研究

对白云凹陷采集的27个原油样品的芳烃组成进行了系统的研究。其分布特征和相对含量表明,原油母质具明显的陆源高等植物输入特征,沉积环境以氧化环境为主,根据萘系列、菲系列、二苯并噻吩系列化合物的相对含量分布差异,优选有效的烷基萘、烷基菲、烷基二苯并噻吩成熟度指标,综合分析了白云凹陷原油成熟度特征。原油总体属于成熟一高成熟原油,结合生物标志化合物组成可划分为A、B两类,A类原油的成熟度高于B类原油。还选用有效的成熟度参数探讨了白云凹陷油气运移规律,如三甲基萘比值,该参数指示油气运移方向沿白云主洼中心向周围运移,且邻近番禺低隆起,运移方向由西向东,即沿着成熟度由高到低方向运移。     

勘查地球化学找矿中重要指示元素的野外快速分析法（二）银的分析方法

发展了一种可在野外快速测定０．０１０—５０μｇ／ｇ银量的新方法。此法由两个各自独立而又配套的部分组成。一是直接测定０．２５—５０μｇ／ｇ银量的Ａｇ－ＴＭＫ－ＳＤＳ三元络合物光导比色测定法；二是测定０．０１０—０．２５μｇ／ｇ银量的巯基棉分离富集微珠析出比色法。可在同一份试液中依次完成。前者检出限为０．００６μｇ／ｍｌ（Ｋ＝３）；测定铜、铅和锌矿石标样ＧＳＯ－Ｃｕ－１（含银３．８７μｇ／ｇ）、ＧＳＯ－Ｐｈ－１（含银１４．７μｇ／ｇ）和ＧＳＯ－Ｚｎ－１（含银１３．５μｇ／ｇ）中的银，ＲＤＳ（ｎ＝１１）分别为１．６％、３．７％和３．４％；后法可检出５ｎｇ／ｇ银；测定地球化学标样ＧＳＤ－３（含银０．５９μｇ／ｇ）中的银，ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝１１）为６．ｔ％。方法较为简便、快速、准确和灵敏。用光导比色计测定，结果准确度、精度均有较大改善，且与室内原子吸收法相当。故所定方法具有广阔的应用前景。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

正~~     

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861