Geochemical and Sr–Nd isotopic constraints on the genesis of the Soheyle-PaKuh granitoid rocks (central Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt,Iran)

ABSTRACT

Soheyle-Pakuh granitoid rocks, with a variety of quartz diorite, quartz monzodiorite, granodiorite, tonalite, and granite, have been emplaced into the Tertiary volcanic rocks in the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc in central Iran. Zircon U–Pb dating yields an age of 39.63 ± 0.93 Ma for the crystallization of this body. Whole-rock compositions show that SiO₂ changes from 52.31 to 65.78 wt.% and Al₂O₃ varies from 15.54 to 18.24 wt.%, as well as high concentrations of large-ion lithophile elements (LILE, e.g. Cs, Rb, Ba, and K) and quite low contents of high field strength elements (HFSE, e.g. Nb, Ti, P), as expected in I-type arc granitoids formed in an active continental margin setting. Initial ratios of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd exhibit ranges 0.7043–0.7047 and 0.51284 to 0.51287, respectively, with positive εNd_(t) from +4.9 to +5.5 with a young TDM1 age (483–674 Ma); this tracer isotopic data suggesting that the SPG originated from juvenile basaltic crust derived from depleted mantle (~90%) with variable contributions from undepleted mantle and approximately 10% old lower crust, despite diverse processes (e.g. magma mixing and fractional crystallization) during their evolution and emplacement into a local extensional setting within the continental margin arc. The isotopic data are similar to those of other Phanerozoic granitoids of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and corroborate melting of predominantly mantle-derived juvenile crustal protoliths and indicating extensive addition of new continental crust, during Cambrian-Neoproterozoic time, in the suprasubduction zone beneath the central Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc. Generation of these types of granitoids favours a model whereby rollback and (or) break-off of a subducted slab with subsequent lithospheric extension triggered by mantle upwelling, heat advection, and underplating resulting in melting of the central UDMA mantle-derived juvenile lower continental crust in the Late Eocene.     

内蒙古吉尔嘎郎图早古生代岩体成因——年代学、地球化学及Nd-Hf同位素制约

兴蒙造山带北缘断续分布的早古生代岩浆岩带,对古生代构造格局恢复及造山带演化研究具有重要意义。阿巴嘎旗北部吉尔嘎郎图岩体位于该岩浆岩带中段,为带内最大的早古生代复式侵入体。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明,吉尔嘎郎图岩体早期花岗闪长岩单元成岩年龄为455.0~495.6Ma。在主量元素组成上,岩体SiO_2含量中等(59.49%~68.22%),贫铁、镁,K_2O/Na_2O值(0.64~0.85)小于1,A/CNK=0.96~1.09,整体具有亚碱、弱过铝特征。稀土及微量元素方面,岩体富Cs、Rb、Th、U、Pb,亏损Ba、Sr、P及高场强元素Nb、Ta等,稀土元素总量中等,具有弱负Eu异常(δEu=0.52~0.82)。Sr-Nd-Hf同位素分析结果显示,岩体具有亏损的同位素组成,(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i=0.7053~0.7034,ε_(Nd)(t)=0.39~4.29,2件Hf同位素样品ε_(Hf)(t)均为正值,分别为ε_(Hf)(t)=7.6~10.8和ε_(Hf)(t)=3.7~7.9。岩石地球化学、年代学及Sr-Nd-Hf同位素综合分析表明,吉尔嘎郎图岩体是早古生代古亚洲洋沿苏左旗—锡林浩特一线向北俯冲背景下,遭受了俯冲板片析出流体交代作用影响的新生下地壳部分熔融的产物,后期由于弧后拉张、贺根山洋盆打开与主体岛弧带分离,最终随着古亚洲洋的整体闭合,形成了与俯冲带彼此分隔的格局。     

拉萨地块西段中新世查加寺钾质火山岩岩石成因*——岩石地球化学、年代学和Sr-Nd同位素约束

通常认为,青藏高原碰撞后钾质超钾质岩是交代富集上地幔低度部分熔融的产物,而最近的研究则表明,钾质火山岩也可以起源于下地壳源区.文章对青藏高原拉萨地块西段新识别出的查加寺火山岩进行了岩石地球化学、锆石SIMS U-Pb定年和Sr-Nd同位素研究,结果表明其岩石类型为碱性系列钾质粗面岩,锆石SIMS U Pb 年龄为(23.97±0.28) Ma,说明火山活动为中新世.钾质粗面岩显示出富集LREE及LILE(K、Rb、Ba、Th、U、Pb)、亏损HFSE(Ti、Nb、Ta、P),具有类似于埃达克质岩的稀土元素分布模式和微量元素蛛网图分布模式的特征;具有高的La/Yb比值(81～105)、较高的ω(Sr)(409×10-6～472×10-6)、较高的Sr/Y比值(28-37)、较低的ω(Y)(11.5×10-6～15.7×10-6)、明显亏损重稀土元素Yb(0.78×10-6～1.08×1)-6)、较高的w(Al2O3)(15.47％～16.7％)、较低的w(MgO)(0.63％～2.12％),无明显的Eu、Sr负异常,类似于典型的埃达克岩成分特征;具有高的w(K2O)(6.28％～6.97％)、高的Rb/Sr比值(0.94～1.03)和低的Ba/Rb比值(2.21～2.51),以及Na2O、K2O与SiO2无明显的相关关系,表明源区的富钾矿物是以金云母为主;具有较低的ω(Cr) 、ω(Ni)(分别为53.4×10-6～69.4×10-6,11.4×10-6～23.5×10-6),以及较低的εNd值(-12.6～-11.8)和较高的87Sr/86Sr比值(0.73207～0.73249).所有这些特征都表明,查加寺钾质粗面岩起源于拉萨地块增厚下地壳富钾物质的部分熔融.查加寺钾质粗面岩具有约145Ma、75 Ma和30 Ma等3组继承锆石年龄群.     

冈底斯岩浆弧曲水地区早中新世埃达克质花岗岩的成因及构造意义

青藏高原拉萨地体南部广泛发育的渐新世-中新世埃达克质岩浆岩,是研究冈底斯岩浆弧后碰撞岩浆活动和地壳演化的理想载体。本文对冈底斯弧中段曲水地区的早中新世黑云母花岗岩进行了岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素研究。全岩地球化学分析结果显示黑云母花岗岩具有高的SiO₂、Al₂O₃和K₂O含量,属于中钾钙碱性、准铝质到弱过铝质岩石。微量元素富Sr,贫Y和Yb,富集轻稀土元素而强烈亏损重稀土元素,具有高的Sr/Y值(165~278)和(La/Yb)_N值(26.6~39.7),具有典型埃达克质岩石的地球化学特征。锆石U-Pb年代学分析结果表明花岗岩的结晶年龄为21~19 Ma,Hf同位素分析结果显示,岩浆锆石εHf(t)值(-0.9~+12.7)大部分为正值且具有较大的变化范围。根据Sr/Y和(La/Yb)_N值估算早中新世冈底斯弧的地壳厚度已达到70~80 km。综合本文和已有的数据表明,印度-亚洲大陆碰撞和碰撞后持续的汇聚作用以及大体积幔源岩浆的底侵共同导致冈底斯岩浆弧经历了显著的新生代地壳加厚;渐新世—早中新世,俯冲印度大陆板片的断离或加厚岩石圈地幔的拆沉作用引起软流圈地幔物质上涌,导致冈底斯弧加厚下地壳(新生地壳和古老地壳)发生强烈的部分熔融,形成了广泛分布的后碰撞埃达克质岩浆岩。     

宁芜地区中生代富钾和富钠火山岩的源区特征:岩石学和地球化学证据

宁芜中生代火山盆地广泛产出早白垩世中基性火山岩,钾质岩石主要为龙王山组英安岩、粗安岩,钠质火山岩主要为大王山组玄武粗安岩、粗安岩、英安岩以及钠质安山玢岩类。钠质辉石安山玢岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为128.9±1.9Ma,为早白垩世产物。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线均表现为一致的平缓右倾型式,Eu负异常不明显,富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,具Nb、Ta的负异常。钾质龙王山组火山岩总体Cs、Rb、Ba、Th、U等LILE含量较钠质大王山组火山岩和钠质安山玢岩高,并具有较高的Si、K,较低的Ca、Mg,高Rb/Sr,高Isr(0.70521~0.70857);钠质火山岩具有较低的Si、富Na、高Sr、低I_(sr)(0.70544~0.70768),Mg~#相对较高。钠质辉石闪长玢岩斑晶中有斜长石的矿物结构和成分不平衡现象,锆石Hf同位素特征为ε_(Hf)(t)=-6.2~+0.6,变化较大,指示岩浆混合过程。地幔源区可能是由中元古代俯冲板块释放出流体发生交代作用后形成的富集地幔,钾质火山岩地幔源区交代矿物可能以金云母为主,崆岭群TTG片麻岩为其地壳端元。而钠质火山岩地幔源区交代矿物可能以角闪石和单斜辉石为主,中元古上溪群变质基性岩或新生下地壳基性岩为其地壳端元。     

青藏高原西部赛利普中新世火山岩源区:地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素制约

青藏高原拉萨地块西部赛利普地区新生代火山岩依据主量元素可划分为超钾质、钾质和钙碱性系列,主要的岩石类型为粗面安山岩、粗面岩,一个超钾质岩石的40Ar-39Ar年龄为17.58Ma,指示出火山活动为中新世.超钾质、钾质和钙碱性火山岩都显示出富集LREE及LILE(Th、U)、亏损HFSE(Nb、Ta、Ti)的特征.超钾质火山岩具有较高的K2O(6.31%～8.55%)、MgO(6.75%～8.96%)、Cr(270.7×10-6～460.4×10-6)、Ni(142.3×10-6～233.9×10-6)含量,较高的(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.71883～0.72732)和较低的εNd(-14.78～-15.37),指示可能起源于一个前期亏损并经后期俯冲作用改造的富钾的方辉橄榄岩富集地幔源区.钾质火山岩具有比超钾质火山岩低的K2O、MgO、Cr、Ni含量以及高的Ba、Sr含量,初始87Sr/86Sr为0.71553～0.71628,初始143Nd/144Nd为0.51197～0.51198,在空间上与超钾质火山岩共生,可能是前者母岩浆的演化产物.钙碱性火山岩具有较高的Sr(881.7×10-6～1309.2×10-6)、Sr/Y比值(50～108)和较低的Y(12.05×10-6～18.02×10-6),明显亏损重稀土Yb(0.93×10-6～1.30×10-6),类似于典型的埃达克质岩成分特征但相对高钾,并具有相对低的(87Sr/86Sr);(0.70928～0.71374)以及高的εNd(-7.90～-10.91),指示起源于富钾增厚下地壳物质的部分熔融.区域上拉萨地块超钾质岩、钾质岩与N-S向地堑系在空间上共存、时间上相吻合,由此本文认为拉萨地块中新世钾质.超钾质岩和南北向地堑系的形成可能与中新世早期北向俯冲的印度大陆岩石圈断离有关.     

福建平潭岛花岗质岩石成因:来自锆石U-Pb定年、O-Hf同位素及黑云母矿物化学的约束

东南沿海地区发育具有"等同位素组成"特征的晚中生代双峰式火成岩,其成因备受争论。本文选择了福建省平潭岛双峰式杂岩体中的花岗闪长岩、英云闪长岩与花岗岩开展了高精度锆石U-Pb定年、原位O-Hf同位素和黑云母矿物化学方面的研究,以探讨这些花岗质岩石的成因。分析结果显示,花岗闪长岩、英云闪长岩与花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为116.8±1.0Ma、116.3±1.0Ma与117.4±1.0Ma,表明它们均侵位于早白垩世。这三类岩石也有较为相似的锆石O-Hf同位素组成。其中,锆石的δ18O分别变化为4.6%~5.3‰、4.8%~5.3‰及5.0%~5.6‰,与地幔的O同位素值基本一致。锆石的εHf(t)变化范围分别为+2.0^+7.1、+2.8^+6.5及+1.8^+5.6,相应的两阶段模式年龄tDM2分别为741~1046Ma、754~995Ma及815~1058Ma。锆石O-Hf同位素数据反映其熔融源区主要为相对较年轻的地壳物质,来自华夏地块古老基底的贡献较少。另外,黑云母矿物化学暗示这三类岩石具有Ⅰ型花岗岩的特征。但是,黑云母种属在不同岩性间存在差异,其中花岗闪长岩与英云闪长岩中的黑云母为镁质类型,花岗岩中的黑云母为铁质类型。从花岗闪长岩、英云闪长岩到花岗岩,黑云母的结晶温度和岩浆体系的氧逸度均逐渐降低,这与钙碱性岩浆分异演化的趋势基本一致。结合前人研究资料及区域地质演化历程,我们认为平潭岛杂岩体中的花岗质岩石形成于古太平洋俯冲背景,其熔融源区主要为新增生地壳物质。花岗质岩石内部岩性的差别主要是母岩浆经历不同程度分异演化的结果。我们的研究结果暗示壳幔岩浆混合在东南沿海早白垩世长英质岩石形成过程中所具有的作用可能较为有限。     

Petrogenesis of oligocene plutonic rocks in western Anatolia (NW Turkey): Insights from mineral and rock chemistry,Sr-Nd isotopes,and U-Pb,Ar-Ar and (U-Th)/He geochronology

Northwestern Anatolia is characterized by voluminous Paleozoic to Cenozoic granitoid bodies with varying compositions. Most of them are composite plutons emplaced into western Anatolia orogenic crust during the Eocene, Oligocene and Miocene along the İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan suture zone. This paper reports systematic good quality mineral and bulk-rock chemistry, Sr-Nd isotope data, honblend Ar-Ar, zircon U-Pb and first apatite (U-Th)/He (AHe) ages to reveal possible source compositions of the Evciler and Eybek granitoids and petrogenetic/geodynamic processes involved during their genesis, and thermochronology of Oligocene magmatism in the NW Anatolia. The Evciler and Eybek granitoids are mainly granodiorite and composed of K-feldspar (usually orthoclase and rarely microcline), plagioclase (albite, oligoclase), hornblende, biotite, quartz and accessory minerals (e.g., titanite, zircon, apatite, opaque), and secondary minerals such as chlorite, sericite and clay minerals. Estimated temperature-pressure conditions are 690–770 ° C at 1.6–2.7 kbar for the Evciler granitoid and 690–760 ° C at 3.2–4.01 kbar for the Eybek granitoid. These two granitoids enriched in LILEs (e.g., U, Th, Rb, and K), LREEs and Pb, and depleted in HREEs (e.g., Nb, Ti) and Sr, Ba and P relative to LILEs, and display small negative Eu anomalies. They belong to calc-alkaline, high-K calc-alkaline and minor shoshonite series, and display metaluminous and I-type character. Their REE patterns show a large fractionation between LREE and HREE ((La/Yb)N = 4.6–21.4) and a small negative Eu anomaly (Eu* = 0.2–0.3). The Evciler granitoid has homogeneous ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr = 0.7060−0.7063 and ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd = 0.51259−0.51262, and the Eybek granitoid has ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr = 0.7060−0.7080 and ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd = 0.51243−0.51263. New precise ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age data of hornblende and ²⁰⁶Pb–²³⁸U ages of zircons and (U-Th)/He ages of apatites from the plutons allow a more accurate temporal reconstruction of the Cenozoic magmatism of the western Anatolia. ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating of hornblendes from the Evciler and Eybek granitoids gave plateau ages of between ca. 28 Ma and 25 Ma. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS) ²⁰⁶Pb-²³⁸Pb ages of euhdral magmatic zircons from the samples of these granitoids yield between ca. 28 and 26 Ma. The new high-temperature age constraints indicate Oligocene emplacement ages for the two intrusive bodies. The closeness of the zircon U-Pb and the hornblende Ar-Ar ages show that they experienced quick post-crystallization cooling. However, the significant difference between the apatite (U-Th)/He ages of 19.8 Ma and 7.6 Ma obtained on the Evciler and Eybek granitoids warns that in the post-Oligocene times the two structural blocks had different exhumation histories.     

郯庐断裂带辽河段始新世中基性火山岩成因与构造背景:地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素证据

研究区位于郯庐断裂南、北两段过渡带构造蜂腰部位,其内充填厚达7000m的古近纪火山-沉积岩系。本文选取火山岩最发育的沙河街组7口代表性钻井进行研究。结果表明,这些始新世火山岩主要为玄武质岩石和粗面质岩石,Si O_2含量为45.20%~59.55%,以碱性系列为主。玄武质岩石弱富集大离子亲石元素和Ti,不亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素。粗面质岩石具有与玄武质岩石相似的地球化学特征,但Sr、P和Ti明显亏损。玄武质岩石的I_(Sr)=0.7033~0.7042、ε_(Nd)(t)=3.56~5.86,粗面质岩石的I_(Sr)=0.7035~0.7045、ε_(Nd)(t)=3.25~4.46,二者的Sr-Nd同位素组成一致,均与OIB相似。综合研究认为,始新世火山岩是弧后拉张环境下,曾遭受俯冲板片流体交代的地幔岩石部分熔融的产物。岩浆在岩浆房内分异演化形成了两种不同类型的岩石。郯庐断裂辽河段从中生代的板缘环境到古近纪陆内裂谷带,其控制因素可能来源于欧亚大陆板块和太平洋板块间的相互作用。在此过程中郯庐断裂系活化并发生大规模走滑运动,导致辽河裂谷盆地同期地幔来源的火山岩浆活动。     

西藏措勤地区则弄群火山岩源区——地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素制约

西藏中冈底斯带出露大面积早白垩世则弄群火山岩。措勤地区则弄群火山岩具有较高的SiO2含量(61.91%~74.28%),轻稀土元素相对富集,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、Th、U,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta等,并具Sr负异常,同时具有高的初始Sr同位素(0.707 89~0.710 17)和低的Nd的同位素(-3.4~-9.3)特征,与壳源岩浆的地球化学特征类似。在εNd(t)-(87Sr/86Sr)i图解上,措勤地区则弄群火山岩所有样品均投于第四象限,而且都分布在上地壳与雅鲁藏布江MORB型亏损地幔混合线附近。微量元素构造环境判别图解显示,则弄群火山岩形成于岛弧环境。综合已有研究成果以及最新1∶25万区域地质调查资料,认为措勤地区则弄群长英质火山岩很可能是幔源基性岩浆的热量促使地壳物质脱水发生重熔的产物,其形成的大地构造背景很可能与班公湖-怒江特提斯洋南向的俯冲作用有关。     

Petrogenesis of the Langdu High–K Calc–Alkaline Intrusions in Yunnan Province: Constraints from Geochemistry and Sr–Nd Isotopes

The Langdu high-K calc-alkaline intrusions are located in the Zhongdian area, which is the southern part of the Yidun island arc. These intrusive rocks consist mainly of monzonite porphyry, granodiorite, and diorite porphyry. The K2O content of majority of these rocks is greater than 3%, and, in the K2O-SiO2 diagram, all the samples fall into the high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonitic fields. They are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREEs) and depleted in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs; LaN/YbN = 14.3-21.2), and show slightly negative Eu anomalies (δEu = 0.77-1.00). These rocks have high K, Rb, Sr, and Ba contents; moderate to high enrichment of compatible elements (Cr = 36.7-79.9 ppm, Co = 9.6-16.4 ppm, and MgO = 2.2%-3.4%); low Nb, Ta, and Ti contents, and characteristic of low high field strength elements(HFSEs) versus incompatible elements ratios (Nb/Th = 0.75, Nb/La = 0.34) and incompatible elements ratios (Nb/U = 3.0 and Ce/Pb = 5.1, Ba/Rb = 12.0). These rocks exhibit restricted Sr and Nd isotopic compositions, with (87Sr/86Sr) i values ranging from 0.7044 to 0.7069 and εNd(t) values from -2.8 to -2.2. The Sr-Nd isotope systematic and specific trace element ratios suggest that Langdu high-K calc-alkaline intrusive rocks derived from a metasomatized mantle source. The unique geochemical feature of intrusive rocks can be modeled successfully using different members of a slightly enriched mantle, a slab-derived fluid, and terrigenous sediments. It can be inferred that the degree of partial melting and the presence of specific components are temporally related to the tectonic evolution of the Zhongdian island arc. Formation of these rocks can be explained by the various degrees of melting within an ascending region of the slightly enriched mantle, triggered by the subduction of the Garzê-Litang ocean, and an interaction between the slab-derived fluid and the terrigenous sediments.     

中亚造山带中新生代壳幔相互作用特征与过程——新疆北部幔源岩浆岩系对比研究

新疆北部中新生代幔源岩浆岩多位于大型走滑断裂带或者裂谷带附近,岩石系列均具有高的TiO2含量,富碱、高度富集不相容元素和轻稀土(LREE),εNd(t)值低正值到负值,(87Sr/86Sr)i值较高,不相容元素比值La/Nb和Nb/U显示中新生代玄武岩浆在形成过程中的壳幔作用明显不同于古生代造山过程,岩浆来源于类似OIB源的富集地幔。而新疆北部地区的二叠纪幔源镁铁-超镁铁岩来源于亏损地幔,陆壳物质参与了岩浆的形成,源区可能混入了早期的弧组分或俯冲的洋壳。由于古生代多个洋盆闭合和增生造山作用致使中亚造山带的岩石圈不断增厚,于古生代晚期发生拆沉去根作用,软流圈亏损地幔上涌形成二叠纪镁铁-超镁铁岩系,而拆沉的岩石圈以及俯冲下沉的洋壳及其沉积物,在地幔环境熔融交代改造原始地幔,使中亚地区的地幔自古生代晚期以后逐渐转换为整体富碱、富含轻稀土(LREE)和不相容元素的富集地幔。被改造了的富集地幔在中新生代沿裂谷带或大型走滑断裂薄弱带上涌,形成了中新生代幔源岩浆的喷发和侵位。     

华北克拉通中、新生代典型火山岩的岩石成因：Hf同位素新证据

本文首次报道了华北克拉通中、新生代典型火山岩（碱性玄武岩、拉斑玄武岩和高镁安山岩）的高精度Hf同位素数据。结果表明，这些中、新生代火山岩具有完全不同的Hf同位素组成，即具有很宽的εHf（t）（-18．4～9．6）变化范围，并和Nd同住素有很好的正相关性。其中新生代昌乐-临朐地区和晚白垩世碱锅（～105Ma）地区的碱性玄武岩具有高Hf同位素（εHf（t）=6．8～9．6）和高Nd同位素组成（εd（t）=0．4～4．9），表明其来源于亏损的软流圈，代表未分异无混染的原始岩浆组成；早白垩世方城（125Ma）碱性玄武岩和拉斑玄武岩具有极低的Hf同位素（εNd（t）=-15．6～-18．4）和低Nd同住素组成（εNd（t）=-12．8--4．4），代表了富集的大陆岩石圈地幔的Hf同位素组成；乌拉哈达（142Ma）地区的高镁安山岩具有较低的Hf同位素（εHf（t）=-2．1～-2．6）和低的Nd同位素组成，代表古老难熔的岩石圈地幔橄榄岩与俯冲的地壳物质相互作用的结果。玄武岩中较大的Hf同位素组成范围（εHf（t）／εNd（t）〉1）说明Hf同位素比Nd同位素具有更好的源区示踪结果。     

Zircon U–Pb–Hf isotopes and whole rock geochemistry of magmatic rocks from the Posht-e-Badam Block: A key to tectonomagmatic evolution of Central Iran

The Posht-e-Badam Block in Central Iran likely formed part of the Neoproterozoic Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS). However, its Phanerozoic history is not well constrained. Zircon UPb ages, Hf isotopic compositions and whole-rock geochemistry of igneous rocks from the Bafq district were determined to constrain their source and tectonomagmatic evolution. Two magmatic cycles are identified; early Paleozoic events associated with the Cadomian Orogeny resulting from Proto-Tethys subduction beneath the northern margin of Gondwana, and Cenozoic volcanism related to the Alpine-Himalayan Orogeny and closure of Neo-Tethys. The main plutonic and volcanic rocks record early Cambrian ages. The Zarigan, Narigan and Chahcholeh granitoids, volcanic rocks of the lower Cambrian volcano-sedimentary unit (CVSU) and the Zarigan gabbro have remarkably similar ages of 536 to 528 Ma. The Zarigan and Chahcholeh granitoids and volcanic rocks of the CVSU have positive εHf(t) values of 1.4 to 9.3, with Hf model ages (Hf-T_DM^c) of 715–1034 Ma. They are mostly A₂-types, although some samples show affinity to A₁- and I-types, suggesting an asthenospheric mantle source, modified by various amounts of crustal assimilation. The Narigan granite records εHf(t) values of −3.8 - 3.1, with Hf-T_DM^c of 970 to 1255 Ma and displays I-type characteristics, formed through mixing of mantle-derived melts with predominantly Neoproterozoic crust. All rocks were generated in a post-collisional setting. The Esfordy syenite and mafic dikes are younger and essentially coeval, with weighted mean ages of 457 ± 5 Ma and 451–448 Ma, respectively. The Esfordy syenite has A₁-type characteristics, indicating possible derivation in an intraplate rift environment and was likely plume-related. The mafic dikes have OIB-like characteristics. Mafic rocks related to closure of Neo-Tethys include the ca. 23 Ma Bahabad diorite that records εHf(t) values of −16.8 to 10.1 (Hf-T_DM^c = 241–283 Ma) and an OIB-like signature, indicating assimilation of crustal material by asthenospheric mantle-derived melt.     

Mineral chemistry and Ti in zircon thermometry: Insights into magmatic evolution of the Sangan igneous rocks,NE Iran

The Sangan Magmatic complex (SMC) is, a large I-type magmatic complex, located in the northeastern Iran. Zircons extracted from the intrusive and volcanic rocks within the SMC record a similar Hf compositions and REE patterns, indicating that these chemical signatures have likely been inherited from the same source and simple history of magmatic crystallization during the evolution of the orogeny. The zircon from volcanic rocks yield Ti-in-zircon crystallization temperatures of 667–1145?°C with average temperatures of 934?°C while those from granitoids indicate crystallization temperatures of 614–898?°C with an average of 812?°C. Ti-in-zircon, Ti in biotite thermometries also indicates that the crystallization temperatures of volcanic rocks are relatively higher than those of granitoids. The biotite chemistry studies reveal that this mineral crystallized at approximately 725°–800?°C and 758° to 816?°C for granitoid and volcanic rocks, respectively, which is similar to obtained temperatures by Zir-saturation of Eq. (1). T_zicsat and T_magma trend lines on the T-SiO₂ diagram cross at high silica contents of ～68?wt.%, at which temperature the magma becomes zircon-saturated and new zircons are crystallized. The zircon REE data including Ce/Ce*, Eu/Eu*, and Th/U ratios suggest that SMC igneous rocks are formed from oxidized magma. However, the zircon Th/U and Hf data suggest that the SMC became progressively more oxidized and also indicate lower temperatures from volcanic and plutonic rock with decreasing time.     

U-Pb zircon dating,Sr-Nd isotope and petrogenesis of Sarduiyeh granitoid in SE of the UDMA,Iran: implication for the source origin and magmatic evolution

ABSTRACT

The Sarduiyeh granitoid (SG) is intruded in the southeastern part of the Dehaj-Sarduiyeh volcano-sedimentary belt in the southeastern end of the Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (UDMA) in Iran. The medium-to-coarse-grained granitoid unit, with granular texture consists mainly of diorite, tonalite, granodiorite and monzogranitic rocks. Mineralogically, these rocks consist mainly of plagioclase, K-feldspar, quartz, biotite and hornblende. The whole rock geochemical analyses indicates that the SG is calc-alkaline, I-type, metaluminous, enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE; such as K, Cs, Pb) and depleted in high field strength elements (HFSE; such as Ti, Nb, Ta, Zr). Chondrite normalized plot of SG rare earth elements (REE) show light rare earth element enrichments with (La_N/Yb_N = 2.44–8.68) and flat heavy rare earth element patterns with (Gd_N/Yb_N = 1.02–1.36). The rather high Y (av. 19.35 ppm), low Sr content (av. 293.76 ppm) and low Cr and Ni contents (av. 20.1 and 4.69 ppm, respectively) of the SG demonstrate its normal calc-alkaline and non-adakitic nature, the features of Jebal Barez-type granitoids. The geochemical characteristics and isotopic composition, low I_Sr (0.7046–0.7049) and positive ?^tNd (+3.4 to +4.03) values, of the SG suggest that its parental magma formed as a result of partial melting from metabasic rocks of lower crust in a subduction-related arc setting. Fractionation of an assemblage dominated by plagioclase, K-feldspar, amphibole and magnetite may have been responsible for the evolution of the SG magma. U-Pb zircon geochronology gives an age of 27.95 ± 0.27 Ma for the SG, suggesting that the final collision between the Arabian plate and Central Iranian microcontinent may have happened in the Late Oligocene.     

华北地块中部早白垩世富碱侵入岩的成因:锆石U-Pb年代学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素制约

本文对华北地块中部早白垩世富碱侵入岩:山西的二峰山霓辉二长岩、塔儿山二长闪长斑岩、狐偃山石英二长岩、万荣石英二长闪长岩和河南的黄龙垴霓辉正长岩、水冶霓霞正长岩、东冶角闪闪长岩进行了岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素分析以及4个侵入岩中锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素的测试。结果表明,二峰山、狐偃山、万荣和黄龙垴侵入岩中锆石有两种,多数为自形-半自形晶、内部结构均匀、发育震荡环带和条纹状吸收以及具有相对高Th/U比值(0.13~4.40)的岩浆锆石,其206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为130±1Ma、130±3Ma、127±1Ma和127±2Ma,即富碱侵入岩形成于早白垩世;少量为继承锆石,发育核-边结构,核部呈浑圆状和弱的震荡环带,给出了三叠纪(207~226Ma)和古元古代-新太古代(1791Ma、1979Ma、2088Ma、2370Ma和2559Ma)的年龄;岩石的SiO 2=55.33%~65.00%、MgO=0.21%~7.66%、Mg#=19~62、(Na2O+K2O)=5.89%~14.38%,属于弱碱性-过碱性岩石;富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Sr)和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti)和重稀土元素,具有明显的Pb正异常和弱的Eu异常;其87Sr/86Sr初始值多数介于0.7049~0.7062之间,εNd(t)值变化于-20.1~-13.3之间,岩浆锆石的Hf同位素组成为εHf(t)=-28.9~-17.4。上述结果结合符山高镁闪长岩及其中地幔橄榄岩包体的研究暗示,华北地块中部早白垩世富碱侵入岩起源于受拆沉陆壳物质熔融的熔体改造的富集岩石圈地幔物质的部分熔融,其形成于古太平洋板块西向俯冲动力学背景下的岩石圈伸展环境。     

鲁西地区闪长质岩石的成因:年代学、岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素的证据

本文对鲁西地区金牛山岩体和金星头岩体中生代闪长质岩石进行了详细的岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩主微量元素、Sr-Nd同位素以及锆石Lu-Hf同位素的研究,旨在厘定闪长质岩石的形成时代、岩浆源区及岩石成因。结果表明,金牛山辉石闪长玢岩及斑状闪长岩中岩浆锆石的²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄分别为130 Ma和126 Ma,形成于早白垩世。金牛山岩体闪长质岩石具有较高的MgO含量（4.35%~6.78%）、高的Mg^#值（56~70）以及高的Cr、Ni含量,金牛山岩体中的辉石闪长玢岩I_Sr值为0.707 519,ε_Nd（t）值为-15.67,ε_Hf（t）值在-21.6~-15.9之间。金星头岩体闪长质岩石SiO₂含量为54.02%~65.02%,Al₂O₃含量在16.00%~17.61%之间,MgO含量（1.11%~2.68%）和Mg#值（37~46）较低,高Sr/Y比值（29~136）,具有埃达克质岩特征。研究表明,金牛山岩体闪长质岩石是古老下地壳再重熔并混染富集地幔部分熔融产物的结果;金星头岩体闪长质岩石为地幔源区的岩浆在上升侵位过程中被陆壳物质同化混染形成的埃达克质岩。受古太平洋板块向亚欧板块俯冲的影响,金牛山岩体和金星头岩体闪长质岩石形成于伸展的构造环境。     

新疆甜水海地块种羊场石炭纪火山岩年代学和地球化学:岩石成因和地质意义

甜水海地块西段的种羊场地区发育一套互层状产出的玄武岩-玄武安山岩-流纹岩,本文对其进行了岩石学、同位素年代学和地球化学研究。结果表明,流纹岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年获得三组年龄:343.5±4.1Ma表明火山岩的形成时代为早石炭纪,2439±26Ma和1988±36Ma说明甜水海地块存在前寒武纪结晶基底。其中玄武质岩石岩性从拉斑系列、钙碱性系列向碱性系列过渡,呈现出E-MORB(OIB)、大陆板内拉张和岛弧的混合特征,与典型弧后盆地Okinawa玄武岩有一定的差异,表明其可能是异常陆缘弧后盆地拉张裂解的产物。玄武质岩石和流纹岩的主量元素、稀土元素和微量元素比值对的差异表明它们不是同源岩浆演化的产物,玄武质岩石的源区为类似E-MORB(OIB)的岩石圈地幔,且发生了部分熔融,原始岩浆上升过程中经历了矿物分离结晶和地壳混染作用。流纹岩属于高硅高碱的钙碱性火山岩,是上地壳部分熔融的产物。种羊场早石炭纪火山岩可能代表了古特提洋西端早期扩张的记录,为西昆仑-喀喇昆仑地区晚古生代多岛洋格局提供了新的证据。     

藏南泽当岛弧花岗岩成因限定——来自角闪石岩锆石U-Pb、地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素的证据

泽当岛弧位于藏南乃东县境内,主要由英云闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、奥长花岗岩和角闪石岩组成,是晚侏罗世洋壳俯冲的产物。本文对该地区出露的角闪石岩开展了野外地质调查,通过室内SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年、全岩地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素等研究,探讨了泽当角闪石岩的成因、源区及其与花岗岩的成因关系,获得以下认识:角闪石岩成岩年龄为159.1±7.2 Ma;角闪石岩具有较低Sr含量、较高的Y含量和较低的Sr/Y值,富集MREE;角闪石岩与花岗岩Sr-Nd同位素特征一致,角闪石岩~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr (t)值(0.704 0～0.704 5)较低,εNd (t)值变化范围为+5.5～+6.1。结合前人研究认为,泽当岛弧的英云闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、奥长花岗岩和角闪石岩均来自地幔楔部分熔融作用。英云闪长岩为相对原始的岩浆,在角闪石分离结晶作用未结束前,先从岩浆房中分离出来;残余岩浆继续发生角闪石分离结晶作用,导致Sr/Y值进一步升高和Cr、Ni、MREE含量进一步降低。因此,角闪石的分离结晶作用是泽当岛弧高Sr/Y花岗岩形成的关键因素。