2种江蓠藻体切段的再生

初步研究了细基江蓠繁枝变种和细基江蓠切段培养的适宜培养锘及其切段的再生特点。在此基础上,还研究了几种植物生长调节剂对江蓠藻体切段再生的影响。研究表明,江蓠藻体在改良ＰＥＳ培养基中生长良好。两种藻体的外皮层细胞均可产生长成新枝的生长点,并且表现出相同的再生极性。     

江蓠属四种药用藻类微量元素含量测定

本文首次报道海南省产的四种江蓠属中的藻类的十一种微量元素含量与测定方法。     

对虾育苗期聚缩虫及其附着基研究

以生物生态学方法,采用生物和非生物等10种附着基经人为投入虾苗池,预防斑节对虾(penaeus monodon)和长毛对虾病害,结果细基江蓠繁枝变种聚缩虫附着率较高,能相应减少幼虾体上的聚缩虫。试验表明,人为投入附着基,能使水质有害因子大为减少。显示出生物生态防治虾病良好的开端。     

汞离子对细基江蓠孢子萌发和生长的影响

研究了4种Hg^2＋浓度对细基江蓠果孢子和四分孢子附着、萌发和生长的影响。结果表明：与对照组相比．Hg^2＋抑制了果孢子附着却促进了四分孢子的附着，但0．0025mg／L浓度与对照组的差异不显著（P〉0．05）．各浓度间差异显著（P〈O．05）；Hg^2＋在实验浓度范围内（O．0025、0．0050、0．0075、0．0100mg／L）影响了孢子的正常萌发，使孢子不能正常分裂和生长．刺激了孢子脱落，并且使盘状体的形态发生变异；Hg^2＋不恫浓度之间也存在显著差异（P〈0．05）．并且Hg^2＋浓度越高对孢子的萌发和生长影响越大。     

汞离子对细基江蓠孢子萌发和生长的影响

研究了4种Hg2+浓度对细基江蓠果孢子和四分孢子附着、萌发和生长的影响。结果表明:与对照组相比,Hg2+抑制了果孢子附着却促进了四分孢子的附着,但0.0025 mg/L浓度与对照组的差异不显著(P>0.05),各浓度间差异显著(P<0.05);Hg2+在实验浓度范围内(0.0025、0.0050、0.0075、0.0100 mg/L)影响了孢子的正常萌发,使孢子不能正常分裂和生长,刺激了孢子脱落,并且使盘状体的形态发生变异;`Hg2+不同浓度之间也存在显著差异(P<0.05),并且Hg2+浓度越高对孢子的萌发和生长影响越大。     

江蓠光合作用与光强关系的研究

初夏时用氧电极法测定了生长在亚热带广东省沿海大量生产的四种江蓠光合活性与光强的关系．它们是细基江蓠、细江蓠、江蓠和江蓠生态种。同时还测定了呼吸作用。结果指出它们的光补偿点是：细基江蓠为1000米烛光左右；江蓠和江蓠生态种小于1000米烛光；红江蓠小于2000米烛光。它们的光饱和点是：细基江蓠在4000-4800米烛光范围内；江蓠约为4000米烛光；江蓠生态种约为4800米烛光；细江蓠分枝约为4000米烛光．主枝约为7000米烛光。在同一光强范围内．它们的光合活性不同，江蓠生态种＞江蓠幼体＞江蓠＞细江蓠．在相同温度条件下．它们的呼吸强度是：细基红蓠幼体＞江蓠生态种＞江蓠＞细江蓠主枝．一般说来呼吸强度高，则净光合速率也大。     

Effects of salinity, light and temperature on growth rates of two species of Gracilaria （Rhodophyta）

Effects of temperature, salinity and light intensity on growth rates of Gracilaria lichenoides and G. tenuistipitata var. liui Zhang et Xia were tested. Eight to ten levels of each factor were first tested separately. The best growth rate was obtained under the conditions of 32°C, 30 and 240 μmol/(m²·s) for G. lichenoides, and 24°C, 20 and 200 μmol/(m²·s) for G. tenuistipitata, respectively. Then a uniform design was used to evaluate the optimal combinations of the three factors. The best conditions for the highest daily specific growth rates (% increase in wet weight) are determined to be 31.30°C, 32.10, and 287.23 μmol/(m²·s) for G. lichenoides (16.26%/d), and 25.38°C, 21.10, and 229.07 μmol/(m²·s) for G. tenuistipitata (14.83%/d), respectively. Supported by the 908 Special Program (908-02-04-07), the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, No. 2006CB400608), and K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University     

高强度江蓠琼胶制造工艺的研究

本研究是探索由江蓠制琼胶的较好工艺条件：包括不同碱浓度、温度与处理时间对琼胶的凝胶强度的影响，采用亚氯酸钠、次氯酸钠为漂白剂，对江蓠和细基江蓠进行生产工艺的优选试验，得出“中温浓碱”法为较好的工艺条件，并设计了工业性生产工艺流程。经合浦水产公司冷冻厂和本院附属工厂实践检验，结果表明，采用这个新工艺具有生产周期短，工艺操作容易掌握，生产设备简单，建厂投资少，成本低等优点；更重要的是凝胶强度由普遍600克／cm^2以下提高到1000～1700克／cm^2，超过出口商品的标准，为国产琼胶进入国际市场开辟了新的途径。     

湛江内湾细基江蓠的生态研究和栽培

细基江蓠Gracilaria tenuistipitata C．F．Chang et B．M．Xia属红藻门(Rhodophycophyta)真红藻纲Florideophyceae)江蓠科(Gracilariaceae)，它和江蓠属的其它种类都是提取琼胶的主要原料，为了适应工农医疗事业日益发展的需要，今后必需大力发展江蓠栽培事业。     

细基江蓠潮间带采孢子培苗试验

江蓠是经济价值较高的一种海藻，是制造琼胶的重要原料，目前无论在国际市场或国内市场都非常畅销。其中细基江蓠(Gracilaria tenuistipitata)更是优良品种，是我国目前人工栽培的理想品种之一。它的特点是生长周期短、个体较大、含胶量高(约30％)。但种苗如何解决却是一个突出的问题。我们自1977年到1978年先后进行了潮间带采孢子培苗试验，即在潮间带筑小围堤，建立简易的苗圃，用贝壳、小石块、碎珊瑚及聚乙烯或维尼纶网片等做生长基，用洒孢子水法，使江蓠孢子附着萌发，培育成幼苗。实践证明，这种苗圃每亩浅滩所培养的江蓠幼苗，可供10亩左右的海区栽培江蓠使用。这和农业上的播种育秧、种植水稻的效果相似，可以向广大群众推广，以解决人工栽培江蓠的种苗问题。     

Effects of salinity, light and temperature on growth rates of two species of Gracilaria (Rhodophyta)

Effects of temperature, salinity and light intensity on growth rates of Gracilaria lichenoides and G tenuistipitata var. liui Zhang et Xia were tested. Eight to ten levels of each factor were first tested separately. The best growth rate was obtained under the conditions of 32～C, 30 and 240 μmol/(m2·s) for G. lichenoides, and 24℃, 20 and 200 μmol/(m2.s) for G. tenuistipitata, respectively. Then a uniform design was used to evaluate the optimal combinations of the three factors. The best conditions for the highest daily specific growth rates (% increase in wet weight) are determined to be 31.30℃, 32.10, and 287.23 μmol/(m2·s) for G. lichenoides (16.26%/d), and 25.38℃, 21.10, and 229.07 μmol/(m2·s) for G. tenuistipitata (14.83%/d), respectively.     

EFFECTS OF CO-CULTURE AND SALINITY ON THE GROWTH AND AGAR YIELD OF GRACILARIA TENUISTIPITATA VAR LIUI ZHANG ET XIA

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ,ｃｏ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ (ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ )ｏｆｍａｒｉｎｅｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ (ａｌｇａｅａｎｄａｎｉｍａｌｓ)ｈａｓｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄｇｒｅａｔａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎ .Ｉｎｃｏ ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｓｙｓｔｅｍｔｈｅａｌｇａｅａｃｔｉｖｅｌｙｕｐｔａｋｅＣＯ2 ａｎｄｔｈｅｍｅｔａｂｏｌｉｃｗａｓｔｅｓ(ｓｕｃｈａｓＮＨ4 +,ＮＯ2 - ,ＮＯ3- ｅｔｃ)ａｓｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔｓｏｕｒｃｅｓ,ａｎｄｒｅｌｅａｓｅＯ2 ｔｏｔｈｅｓｕｒｒｏｕｎｄｉｎｇｅｎｖｉｒｏｎ …     

以江蓠为栖息环境养殖的双齿围沙蚕性腺发育

研究以江蓠为养殖基质的双齿围沙蚕的配子发生及性腺发育。结果表明:1)根据双齿围沙蚕卵细胞形态特征、内部结构、卵径大小,卵母细胞的发生可划分为第Ⅰ时相(卵原细胞)、第Ⅱ时相(小生长期初级卵母细胞)、第Ⅲ时相(大生长期初级卵母细胞,卵黄形成前期、卵黄形成中期、卵黄形成后期)和第Ⅳ时相(成熟卵母细胞,胶膜形成前期、胶膜形成后期)等4时相;根据各时相卵子的数量变化及体腔中其他结构的形态变化,将雌性性腺分为Ⅰ期卵巢、Ⅱ卵巢、Ⅲ卵巢、Ⅳ卵巢和Ⅴ期卵巢等5个阶段。2)根据双齿围沙蚕体腔内精母细胞的大小、形态和所处的位置,将双齿围沙蚕的精子发生划分为精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精细胞和精子;根据各时相精子的形态和数量变化以及体腔中其他组织器官的形态变化,将双齿围沙蚕的雄性性腺划分为Ⅰ期精巢、Ⅱ期精巢、Ⅲ期精巢、Ⅳ期精巢和V期精巢等5个阶段。3)Ⅰ-Ⅳ期的性腺主要包含对应时相的生殖细胞,同时,也存在有少量其他时相的生殖细胞,生殖细胞的发育速度并不完全一致。     

Regeneration and tree species diversity of Sitakund Botanical Garden and Eco-park,Chittagong, Bangladesh

Anthropogenic disturbances influence plant regeneration and species diversity, which impact the conservation status of protected areas. A study was conducted in the Sitakund Botanical Garden and Eco-park （SBGE）, Chittagong, Bangladesh to analyze the natural regeneration and tree species diversity in disturbed and less disturbed zones. Stratified and systematic random sampling was used to select 50 sample plots from each of the two zones. A total number of 109 plant species from 43 families were recorded in the study; of which 93 species were of natural origin while the rest were planted. From the species with natural origin 66 were tree species, 9 were shrub species and 28 were climbers. Species richness, density of regeneration and disturbance index in the height classes （0- 0.5 m） and {dbh 〉 6 cm） indicated significant differences between the zones. The study analyzed how disturbances affect species diversity in the area. It was found that species richness and basal area are negatively related with disturbances. Moreover, density （N/ha） of trees was more likely to decrease with increasing tree height that reflects the huge demand of local people to harvest large trees as part of their income generating activities. The study findings have implications for future managementdecisions of the SGBE. To restore these ecosystems, management should focus on both biodiversity eonservation and providing benefits to local people without hampering forest ecosystems.     

Synedra ulna var. repanda, a new variety of Synedra （Bacillariophyta） from Xinjiang, China

Synedra ulna var. repanda Q. X. Wang & Q. M. You, a new variety of Synedra (Bacillariophyta) from Xinjiang, China, is described and illustrated, and the characteristic of the variety: includes undulate-linear valves and straight pseudoraphe, differs from other species of Synedra.     

判断力的来源及作用——论康德哲学两大领域的过渡

康德哲学中悟性和理性、自然和自由两大领域间鸿沟的来源以及作为沟通两大领域的判断力的产生,可以从两个方面进行分析:1)康德在《判断力批判》导论的结尾为他的哲学结构所列的那张表完整地表达了康德的哲学观点:主体运用自己的活动机能按照先验诸原理为对象立法,并最终获得了对于对象的知识,而人的心灵机能除了认识的机能(悟性)和欲求的机能(理性)之外,还有能联结这二者的愉快或不快的情感机能(判断力);2)从哲学一般的领域(即哲学的对象)中,也可以分析出两大领域间鸿沟的来源及判断力的产生。     

一类周期FC-群中的两种广义Frattini性质

设π是一个非空的素数集合。对任意群G,定义πFrattini子群为所有指数为π-数的极大子群的交,简记为πFrat（G）。得到如下结果：在任意局部π-可分的周期FC-群G中,设H为G的正规子群,如果H/πFrat（G）为局部π-幂零（局部π-超可解）,那么H为局部π-幂零（局部π-超可解）的。