2017年5月大气环流和天气分析

2017年5月大气环流的主要特征是极涡偏强且呈单极型分布,中高纬环流呈多波型,西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年偏强,南支槽强度较常年偏弱。5月全国平均气温17.1℃,较常年同期偏高0.9℃,为1961年以来第4高;全国平均降水量59.4 mm,比常年同期（69.5 mm）偏少14.5%,但5月7日广州出现破历史极值的极端强降水。月内我国南方地区有5次区域性暴雨天气过程;北方出现极端高温过程;东北西部、华北等地发生严重气象干旱;北方地区有2次沙尘天气过程。     

2019年5月大气环流和天气分析

2019年5月大气环流呈偶极型分布,加拿大北部极涡偏强,新地岛以南极涡变化不显著,中高纬环流呈四波型,西太平洋副热带高压强度与常年相当,南支槽较常年偏弱。5月全国平均气温为16.2℃,接近常年同期,月内气温波动较大,云南平均气温达到1961年以来最高。全国降水量为69.5 mm,与常年同期相当。月内我国共出现7次区域性暴雨天气过程,北京出现罕见冰雹和雷暴大风等强对流天气,江淮、黄淮和云南等地出现中到重度干旱,北方地区有4次沙尘天气过程。     

2016年12月大气环流和天气分析

2016年12月大气环流主要特征如下：北半球极涡呈偶极型分布,中心气压较常年偏低,欧亚中高纬度环流呈两槽一脊型;南支槽强度偏弱,平均位置位于90°E附近,副热带高压较常年偏强。12月,全国平均降水量为11.5 mm,较常年同期偏多9.5%。全国平均气温为-0.7℃,较常年同期（-3.2℃）偏高2.5℃,为1961年以来历史同期最高值。月内,我国出现两次主要冷空气过程和两次主要降水过程以及3次雾 霾天气过程,其中16—21日雾 霾天气过程是2016年范围最广、持续时间最长、强度最强的雾 霾天气过程。     

2013年5月大气环流和天气分析

2013年5月环流特征如下:北半球极涡呈单极型分布,中心强度较常年偏强2～4 dagpm,东亚高纬环流呈4波型分布,其中新西伯利亚地区有一切断低涡,造成了新疆北部的降温天气;南支波动较常年同期活跃,南海季风爆发较常年同期偏早,副热带高压逐步西伸北抬.5月,全国平均气温为16.9℃,较常年同期(16.2℃)偏高0.7℃;全国平均降水量为85.5 mm,较常年同期(69.5 mm)偏多23.0％,为1961年以来历史同期第二多.月内,我国主要天气特点是:南方暴雨频发,20个省市遭受风雹袭击,北方地区出现一次沙尘天气.     

2018年3月大气环流和天气分析

2018年3月大气环流的主要特征是极涡呈偶极型分布,中高纬环流呈3波型,西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年偏弱,南支槽强度与常年相当。3月全国平均气温7.0℃,较常年同期（4.1℃）偏高2.9℃,为1961年以来同期最高;全国平均降水量29.4 mm,接近常年同期（29.5 mm）。月内我国中东部地区出现1次全国中等（南方强）冷空气过程,1次北方强冷空气过程;南方地区有5次主要降水过程;北方地区有3次沙尘天气过程;江西、湖北、湖南和广西等省(区)局地遭受风雹袭击。     

2021年5月大气环流和天气分析

2021年5月大气环流的主要特征是北半球极涡呈偶极型分布,强度偏强;中高纬完成了从冬季三波型向夏季四波型的转换,环流呈四波型,副热带高压较常年偏强,南海夏季风在第6候爆发.主要天气气候特征是全国平均气温为16.9℃,较常年同期偏高0.7℃;全国平均降水量为74.8 mm,较常年同期偏多8％.月内,我国共发生6次区域性暴...     

2010年4月大气环流和天气分析

2010年4月大气环流主要特征如下:北半球极涡分布成偶极型,中高纬地区大气环流呈四波型分布,四个大槽的强度偏弱,南支槽接近多年平均位置,但强度偏弱。西太平洋副热带高压明显偏弱于常年。4月全国平均气温为9.1℃,较常年同期偏低1.2℃。全国平均降水量为56.1 mm,较常年同期偏多12.3 mm。月内,西南旱区多次出现降水过程,大部地区旱情缓解;此外我国共出现5次沙尘天气过程;部分省(市、区)遭受强对流天气袭击。     

2017年2月大气环流和天气分析

2017年2月大气环流的主要特征是极涡偏强且呈单极偏心型分布,中高纬环流呈3波型,西太平洋副热带高压强度接近常年,南支槽强度较常年偏弱。2月全国平均气温0℃,较常年同期偏高1.7℃;全国平均降水量14.4 mm,比常年同期（17.4 mm）偏少17.1%。2月我国有两次强冷空气过程;3次降水过程,其中新疆出现了一次暴雪过程,日降水量打破历史极值;中东部出现两次雾 霾天气。     

2021年2月大气环流和天气分析

2021年2月大气环流的主要特征为北半球极涡呈偶极型分布,较常年同期明显偏弱,北半球中高纬西风带呈四波型,以纬向环流为主,西北太平洋副热带高压与常年同期相比偏强但范围较小.2月,我国冷空气强度较弱且影响范围小,全国平均气温为1.2℃,较常年同期偏高2.9℃,为1961年以来历史同期最高,出现了极端高温事件,有618个国...     

2018年7月大气环流和天气分析

2018年7月大气环流的主要特征是极涡偏强且呈单极型分布,中高纬环流呈4波型,西太平洋副热带高压强度较常年明显偏强,位置较常年明显偏北。7月全国平均气温22.9℃,较常年同期偏高1.1℃,为1961年以来历史同期第三高;全国平均降水量133.8 mm,比常年同期（120.6 mm）偏多11%,与历史同期相比呈现北多南少的分布特征。月内我国有7次区域性暴雨天气过程,多站出现极端日降水量。7月共有5个热带气旋在西北太平洋和南海活动,并有“玛莉亚”、“山神”、“安比”3个台风登陆,生成和登陆个数均较常年偏多。我国中东部出现持续性高温天气,同时强对流天气频发,影响范围较广。     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.     

VARIABILITY OF INTER-ANNUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND HUAXI REGION’S AUTUMN PRECIPITATION

The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

全球贸易隐含碳变化及其影响分析

基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.