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1.
高压超高压变质作用中的流体 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
文章强调了高压和超高压变质岩中流体包裹体的研究意义,重点论述了几个问题:(1)高压和超高压变质岩中流体包裹体的成分以含N2量高为特点,在大别山含柯石英榴辉岩中找到的高压榴辉岩阶段捕获的原生包裹体,其中气相组分含CO(摩尔分数)为14%,表明流体来源于深部。原生流体包裹体的保存,要求在p-T区间内的抬升轨迹与等容线近于平行。(2)在大别山高压和超高压榴辉岩中首次确认熔融包裹体的存在,由硅酸盐玻相和以CO2为主要成分的气相组成,并发现熔融包裹体中的玻相成分与主矿物相近。(3)高压和超高压变质期间的局部流体迁移可由榴辉岩中流体包裹体和矿物同位素成分(H-C-O)来显示。(4)高压和超高压变质中流体-熔体-岩石(矿物)相互作用是一个非常复杂的过程,并证实在榴辉岩相p-T条件下岩石的部分熔融。(5)变质流体的成分与变质级之间存在着相关关系。 相似文献
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俯冲玄武质洋壳的部分熔融作用是一种重要的大陆生长作用,但是陆壳物质在俯冲过程中能否发生部分熔融缺少直接的证据。笔者利用已有的微量元素分配系数,讨论了岛弧玄武岩在脱水和部分熔融2种过程中微量元素行为和铅同位素演化的差异。Pb在2种过程中都属于不相容元素,但在脱水过程中其不相容性明显高于Rb、Ba、Th、U,而在熔融过程中则低于上述元素,在ω(Rb)/ω(Pb)-ω(Rb)、ω(Ba)/ω(Pb)-ω(Ba)、ω(Th)/ω(Pb)-ω(Th)、ω(U)/ω(Pb)-ω(U)相关图上2种过程的演化方向差别明显。此外,Pb和Th、U的相容性的差异也使得石榴石和绿辉石的单矿物铅同位素在2种过程中明显不同。在此基础上,结合大别-苏鲁榴辉岩的实测数据,认为大别-苏鲁榴辉岩可能部分是岛弧玄武岩部分熔融后的残余体,部分为单纯脱水的产物。大陆玄武质岩石在俯冲过程中也可能发生部分熔融作用。 相似文献
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对山东高压—超高压变质带的几点看法:程裕淇院士野外考察记 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过对山东高压-超高压变质带的考察,初步认为:榴辉岩的最后降升时代为蒸山期;含更玉石英岩+榴辉岩+(透辉石)大理岩组合说明表壳岩经历了高压-超高压变质作用;该带晋宁期长英质片麻岩-花岗岩广泛出露,在其北部麻粒岩和榴辉岩密切伴生。 相似文献
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新疆西南天山超高压变质带的形成与演化 总被引:34,自引:30,他引:34
本文系统地总结了近年来有关新疆西南天山超高压变质带在野外地质产状、岩石学、矿物学、地球化学和年代学等方面研究取得的进展。根据野外地质产状特征,西南天山出露的榴辉岩可以分为三类:即在蓝片岩中呈透镜体的块状榴辉岩、保存有玄武岩岩枕的枕状榴辉岩和夹杂在大理岩中的条带状榴辉岩。详细的岩石学研究表明它们都经历过超高压变质作用,其变质作用演化经历了3个阶段:峰期榴辉岩阶段(560~600℃,4.95~5.07GPa)、主期榴辉岩阶段(598~496℃,25.72~26.66±1kbar)和退变绿帘石蓝片岩相阶段。地球化学研究显示其原岩相当于源于富集地幔的(ε_(Nd)-1.4~-0.4)具有 OIB 特点的变碱性玄武岩、源于亏损地幔的(ε_(Nd)= 6.7~ 7.4)具有 NMORB 特点的洋中脊玄武岩和源于较富集地幔的(ε_(Nd)=-2.5~ 3.2)具有 EMORB 特点的洋中脊玄武岩,它们形成于海山环境下的洋壳。榴辉岩中锆石 SHRIMP定年结果表明榴辉岩的原岩形成于石炭纪(>310Ma)之前,洋壳开始俯冲发生在二叠纪末(280~290Ma),高压一超高压变质发生在三叠纪(220~230Ma)。结合在其北侧低压麻粒岩带的发现,提出了新疆西南天山超高压变质带双变质带构造演化模式。 相似文献
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苏北超高压变质带是秦岭—大别造山带的东延部分,所产出的榴辉岩有三种类型,分别为产于片麻岩中的G类榴辉岩、产于大理岩中的M类榴辉岩和产于蛇纹岩中P类榴辉岩。地球化学研究表明,三类榴辉岩的原岩复杂多样,源岩为下地壳或上地幔的基性-超基性岩,兼具大陆和大洋玄武岩的特征,富含TiO2等有用组分,是金红石矿床的成矿母岩。金红石矿床的形成是华北、扬子两大板块俯冲碰撞的结果,金红石成矿作用的强弱与岩性、构造、变质变形作用等密切相关。榴辉岩中含有金红石、钛铁矿、磷灰石、石榴子石、绿辉石等多种有用矿物,具有较高的综合利用价值。 相似文献
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近年来在东昆仑造山带中发现出露多处榴辉岩,由夏日哈木-苏海图、大格勒、宗加、尕日当(浪木日上游)、温泉、加当等多个榴辉岩、榴闪岩高压变质地体组成,呈透镜体或条带状产于金水口岩群中,构成了一条长达530 km的高压变质带.从榴辉岩的岩石学、地球化学、同位素年代学等方面进行系统梳理,结果表明岩石类型复杂,主要可分为榴辉岩、退变榴辉岩、榴闪岩,岩石地球化学显示东昆仑榴辉岩SiO2含量为41.58%~59.00%,平均值为50.19%,Al2O3含量为11.27%~18.54%,平均值为14.66%,TiO2含量为0.76%~1.59%,平均值为1.03%.稀土配分曲线主要为轻稀土富集型,微量元素配分主要介于E-MORB与N-MORB之间.获得加当榴闪岩变质年龄为440±13 Ma,原岩年龄为934±15 Ma,同时结合东昆仑地区榴辉岩锆石年龄对其进行分析,锆石单点206Pb/238U年龄在直方图上显示出丰富的信息,变质峰期年龄出现明显3个年龄峰,分别为451 Ma、432 Ma和412 Ma,原岩年龄出现峰值934 Ma,其中515~440 Ma记录了板块俯冲时段的岩浆热事件;440~420 Ma为陆壳俯冲-碰撞的记录;420~390 Ma是榴辉岩在折返过程中退化变质的反映.东昆仑榴辉岩变质时代与东昆仑原特提斯洋构造演化密切相关. 相似文献
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苏鲁超高压变质带东海青龙山高压正片麻岩中白云母的^40Ar/^39Ar年代学研究 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
作为东海青龙山榴辉岩围岩的高压变质的正片麻岩,其白云母的常规^40Ar/^39Ar年龄和Rb—Sr、Sm—Nd年龄一致,激光微区Ar同位素分析表明,白云母的Ar同位素分布也是均匀的。由此得出的初步结论是:①高压变质的正片麻岩中的白云母中不含过剩Ar,这类矿物可以作为^40Ar/^39Ar同位素测年的对象;②青龙山榴辉岩中的白云母含大量过剩氩,而作为其围岩的超高压正片麻岩中的白云母却不含过剩氩,这一事实证明了榴辉岩中白云母的过剩氩不是来自围岩,而是榴辉岩自身继承的。 相似文献
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构造分析结合变质作用PTt轨迹和同位素年代学资源指出,现今观察到的大别-苏鲁超高压-高压变质带区域构造框架,主要是在印支期中-朝与扬子克拉通斜向碰撞及超高压-高压变质作用期后伸展体制下形成的(200-170Ma)。构造样式类似于北美科迪勒拉型变质核杂岩并发育多层低缓角度地壳尺度的伸展拆离带。几何形态表现为大型穹窿或小型穹窿群。区域伸展构造叠加于先期碰撞或挤压构造之上,控制了超高压和高压变质岩石的空间分布。大规模的近水平韧性伸展流动,是在超高压-高压变质岩石从地幔深处折返到中、下地壳层次及角闪岩相环境下发生的。广泛的减压部分熔融作用反映的壳-幔动力学过程和地壳热结构的变化,是促使造山带从挤压体制向伸展体制转换的因素之一。证明造山带尺度的地壳伸展和薄化作用,在超高压和高压变质岩石折返到地表动力学过程中,曾起过重要作用。 相似文献
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Kanfenggou UHP Metamorphic Fragment in Eastern Qinling Orogen and Its Relationship to Dabie-Sulu UHP and HP Metamorphic Belts, Central China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
SuoShutian ZhongZengqiu ZhouHanwen YouZhendong 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2003,14(2):95-102
In the Central Orogenic Belt, China, two UHP metamorphic belts are discriminated mainly based on a detailed structural analysis of the Kanfenggou UHP metamorphic fragment exposed in the eastern Qinling orogen, and together with previous regional structural, petrological and geochronological data at the scale of the orogenic domain. The first one corresponds to the South Altun-North QaidamNorth Qinling UHP metarnorphic belt. The other is the Dabie-Sulu UHP and HP metamorphic belts. The two UHP metamorphic belts are separated by a series of tectonic slices composed by the Qiniing rock group, Danfeng rock group and Liuling or Foziling rock group etc. respectively, and are different in age of the peak UHP metamorphism and geodynamic implications for continental deep subduction and collision. Regional field and petrological relationships suggest that the Kanfenggou UHP metamorphic fragment that contains a large volume of the coesite- and microdiamond-bearing eclogite lenses is compatible with the structures recognized in the South Altun and North Qaidam UHP metamorphic fragments exposed in the western part of China, thereby forming a large UHP metamorphic belt up to 1000 km long along the orogen strike. This UHP metamorphic belt represents an intercontinental deep subduction and collision belt between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean cratons, occurred during the Paleozoic. On the other hand, the well-constrained Dabie-Sulu UHP and HP metamorphic belts occurred mainly during Triassic time (250-220 Ma), and were produced by the intracontinental deep subduction and collision within the Yangtze craton. The Kanfenggou UHP metamorphic fragment does not appear to link with the DabieSulu UHP and HP metamorphic belts along the orogen. There is no reason to assume the two UHP metamorphic belts as a single giant deep subduction and collision zone in the Central Orogenic Belt situated between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean cratons. Therefore, any dynamic model for the orogen must ac-count for the development of UHP metarnorphic rocks belonging to the separate two tectonic belts of different age and tectono-metamorphic history. 相似文献
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INTRODUCTION Anew ultrahigh pressure ( UHP) metamorphicbelt ,the South Altun-North Qaidam-North QinlingUHP metamorphic belt ,has been recently discoveredand widely discussed by different workers (Yang J Set al .,2003 ,2002 ,2001 ,2000 ,1998 ;Zhang J Xetal .,2002 ,1999 ; Zhang G et al .,2001 ; Hu et al .,1996 ,1995 ,1994) . Detailed studies have also beencarried out onthe Dabie-Sulu UHP/ HP metamorphicbelt inthe central orogenic belt (COB) of China (Gaoet al .,2002 ;Sun et al … 相似文献
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中国中央造山带内至少发育两个超高压变质带,一个是南阿尔金-柴北缘-北秦岭超高压变质带,超高压峰期变质年龄为早古生代(500~400 Ma),代表扬子与中朝克拉通间的深俯冲和碰撞带;另一个是研究程度较高的大别-苏鲁超高压和高压变质带,峰期变质年龄主体是三叠纪(250~220 Ma),代表扬子克拉通内部的陆内大陆深俯冲和碰撞带。对东秦岭看丰沟及香坊沟的变质岩片详细岩石学和构造学研究以及先期造山带尺度的构造、岩石和年代学研究资料分析证明,南阿尔金-柴北缘-北秦岭超高压变质带,向东不能与大别-苏鲁超高压和高压变质带的任一部分相连,包括南大别和西北大别超高压及高压变质岩石。相反,大别-苏鲁超高压及高压变质带,向西经桐柏山,横过南襄盆地延伸到南秦岭的西峡及商南一带。仅在东秦岭-大别山范围内,两个超高压变质带分别位于南丹断裂系南北两侧,沿造山带近平行延展,之间被一系列以断裂或剪切带为边界的岩石构造岩片相隔,不能构成横贯中国中部统一的巨型超高压变质带。任何有关中国中央造山带构造格架及构造演化模型的建立,均应考虑其内部发育两个时代和功能不同的超高压变质带。 相似文献
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The Trivandrum Granulite Block (TGB), southern India records evidence for three distinct stages of evolution (M1–;M3) during the Pan-African high grade metamorphism, with possible temperature gradient from north to south of the terrain as detected from mineral phase equilibria thermobarometry in three classic localities, namely Nuliyam, Kunnanpara and Nellikkala. The charnockites, both incipient and massive, were formed during the first stage (M1) at temperatures higher than their host rocks, and at appreciably lower pressures. Charnockite formation was dominantly controlled by an increase in partial pressure of CO2, along structural locales during subisothermal decompression, although an increase of potash activity could have also been an important factor in this process. The charnockites at Nellikkala in the northern margin of TGB were formed under appreciably more H2O-rich conditions (XH2O = 0.53±0.03) than those at Nuliyam (XH2O = 0.25±0.02) in the southern margin. It is inferred that during the period between the metamorphic stages M1 and M2, the terrain experienced subisobaric cooling. Comparison of results from thermobarometry with data on absolute age determinations from geochronology of the metamorphic rocks in TGB allows the interpretation that the M1 metamorphic event took place during 540–;600 Ma, M2 at about 530 Ma and M3 in the interval of 440–;470 Ma. Mineralogic and thermobarometric evidence for earlier high-grade metamorphic processes, if any, have been erased from these rocks. The processes of charnockite formation and post-peak retrograde metamorphism in the TGB took place under high geothermal gradients (40–;150°/km). This probably testifies to the existence of a local heat source, either magmas at depth or mantle (plume) beneath the region. The general metamorphic cycle in the TGB is estimated to be ca. 100–;160 Ma, which is much shorter in time span than that in the other regions of southern Peninsular India such as the Karnataka Craton and the Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt. During this period, the terrain experienced rapid exhumation of approximately 6–;7 cm/year, with the total amplitude of vertical movements estimated to be about 16–;17 km. 相似文献
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苏北超基性岩某些超高压变质特征 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
苏北芝麻坊超基性岩体,位于大别—苏鲁超高压变质带东段的核心部位,与基性榴辉岩紧密伴生,是苏北最具代表性的岩体之一。根据多年来的成果资料,研究它的超高压变质特征,对研究整个苏鲁超高压变质带具有重大意义。对岩体的形态特征、岩相学特征、特别是矿物学特征,如镁铝榴石特征的研究,结合金刚石的选出,都有力的证实苏北超基性岩是在超高压变质环境下生成的,同时也反映其是由华北地块与扬子地块俯冲碰撞而从地壳深处挤压上来的幔源物质。 相似文献
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江苏东海预先导孔(CCSD-PPl)超高压岩石变质流体及其演化 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
中国大陆科学钻探工程预先导1孔(CCSD-PPH1)位于大别—苏鲁超高压变质带东段的江苏东海县,孔深为432 m,其岩心为一套变质表壳岩、花岗质片麻岩和镁铁-超镁铁质侵入岩。它们经历了超高压变质作用和随后的角闪岩相退变质作用。这些岩石中存在四类流体包裹体:①中高盐度CaCl_2-NaCl-H_2O包裹体(Ⅰ型),宿主为榴辉岩中的石榴子石、绿辉石和蓝晶石石英岩中的蓝晶石,可能代表了峰期变质流体;②H2O-CO_2(±N_2)-NaCl±固体的包裹体(Ⅱ型),宿主为榴辉岩中的石英和蓝晶石石英岩中的蓝晶石,可能为超高压岩石折返和退变质期间带入岩石的流体;③中—低盐度水溶液包裹体(Ⅲ型),产于蓝晶石石英岩、榴辉岩和片麻岩中。蓝晶石石英岩中的包裹体是部分继承了俯冲阶段变沉积岩脱水-脱挥发分流体;榴辉岩和片麻岩中的中-低盐度水溶液包裹体主要是角闪岩相退变质期间或更晚期捕获的;④中-低密度的富CO_2包裹体(Ⅳ型),沿蓝晶石石英岩石英中的(切)穿颗粒裂隙分布。根据包裹体显微测温数据,从Ⅰ型包裹体的等容线得到的压力值大大低于根据矿物温压计获得的压力。这表明大多数Ⅰ型包裹体的组成和密度在捕获后均发生了不同程度改变。这些变化包括渗漏、部分爆裂和流体-岩石相互作用等。流体包裹体研究也表明本区超高压变质作用峰期流 相似文献
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PAN Mingbao ZHANG Qinglong LU Huafu CHEN Huogen CHEN Shoujuand ZHU ShipengDepartment of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu Jiangsu Institute of Geological Survey Zhujiang Ro Nanjing Jiangsu E-mail: andypans@.com Hao Ziguo Zhu Xiling 《《地质学报》英文版》2003,77(3):332-337
From Donghai County of Jiangsu Province to Rongcheng County of Shandong Province on the southern border of the Sulu orogen, there exposes an ultramafic belt, accompanied with an ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic zone. It can be further divided into the Xugou belt (the northern belt), and the Maobei-Gangshang belt (the southern belt). One grain of diamond has been discovered from the Zhimafang pyrope peridotite in the southern belt using the heavy mineral method. The diamond grain is 2.13 mm × 1.42 mm × 0.83 mm in size and weighs 9.4 mg. The occurrence of the diamond suggests that the Zhimafang pyrope peridotite xenolith is derived from the lithospheric upper mantle. The tectonic emplacement mechanism of the pyrope peridotite xenoliths in granite-gneisses is obviously different from those in kimberlite. The Sulu orogen was located on the active continental margin of the Sino-Korean craton in the Neoproterozoic. The relatively cold and water-bearing oceanic crustal tholeiite slab subducted beneath the lith 相似文献
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柴北缘绿梁山高压基性麻粒岩的变质演化历史:岩石学及锆石SHRIMP年代学证据 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
高压基性麻粒岩出露在柴北缘HP/UHP变质带的绿梁山地区,它主要呈透镜体状分布在石榴蓝晶(夕线)黑云片麻岩中。岩石学和矿物学数据显示高压基性麻粒岩经历了多阶段变质历史,早期可能经历了榴辉岩相变质作用(p>15kbar),以石榴子石中保留的少量绿辉石为特征;高压麻粒岩组合(Grt-Cpx-Pl-Qtz±Amp±Rt-Ilm)为退变质作用产物,其形成的变质条件为p=9.6~13.5kbar,T=730~870℃。晚期的变质反应以围绕石榴子石和后成合晶生成斜方辉石的为特征,形成的p-T条件为6.2~8.5kbar和720~860℃。高压基性麻粒岩中的锆石SHRIMP测定共获得两组年龄,分别为(448±3)Ma和(421±5)Ma。结合锆石阴极发光和矿物包体研究,前者代表高压麻粒岩阶段的变质年龄,后者代表晚期与斜方辉石形成有关的中低压麻粒岩阶段的变质年龄。这些年龄结果显示麻粒岩相变质作用持续了大约27Ma,这可能与早古生代祁连地块与柴达木地块碰撞作用所引起的地壳加厚和后来的热松驰有关。 相似文献
20.
华北北缘承德地区高压麻粒岩的变质演化历史——锆石年代学和地球化学证据 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
冀北承德一带的高压麻粒岩多呈弱应变域构造透镜体,出现于由花岗片麻岩组成的宽阔的复式剪切带内,其代表的深部地壳热运动及相应的折返机制对华北克拉通的碰撞造山模式和克拉通构造演化模式研究有着重要的制约作用.冀北承德高压麻粒岩及其围岩的锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果显示,围岩原岩年龄约2500 Ma,大约在2297 Ma基性岩侵入花岗片麻岩,在大约2381 Ma后开始俯冲,经历高压麻粒岩相变质,经历俯冲及长期地壳加厚过程,于2001 Ma之后某个时间开始折返,在此过程中1896 Ma还有另外一期基性岩墙侵入,在1885 Ma经历了抬升过程与麻粒岩相退变质,而在1850 Ma经历了华北大面积高角闪岩相事件,甚至有部分熔融出现,此事件抹杀了大部分古元古代变质演化过程.由此可见,承德地区甚至整个华北北部古元古代地质演化历史并不是不同地点的一两期不同事件,而是一个复杂连续的演化过程,以往的研究只揭示了一期或两期事件,而承德地区高压麻粒岩的证据则记录了更多信息. 相似文献