季节变化和气象要素变化与呼吸道疾病关系及预防措施初探

根据钦州市2003年气象要素及该市某综合医院2003年患呼吸道疾病的门诊住院病例医疗统计资料,分析季节变化及气象要素变化与呼吸道疾病的关系,提出合理利用气象条件对呼吸道疾病采取的预防保健措施。     

潮州市大气污染物与气象要素的关系

利用2006年潮州市地面气象观测资料和大气污染物浓度数据,分析了潮州市污染物的时空变化特征、污染物浓度月变化与气象要素变化关系以及污染典型日的气象因素。研究发现:潮州市的主要污染物为可吸入颗粒物(PM10),PM10全年的超标率为7.5%,空气质量夏半年优于冬半年;PM10污染物浓度月变化与地面气象要素有较高的相关性;在污染物典型日中,气象要素也是主要的影响因子。     

青海湖水位年际变化规律的分析和预测

利用青海湖沙陀寺水文站１９５９－１９９２年的水位资料，分析了前期气候类型，北太平洋海温，厄尔尼诺事件以及北极溺不对湖水位年际变化的影响，得到了一些有预报价值的因子，并采用贝叶斯逐步判别法对次年水位变化的３种状态进行了预测。     

内蒙古呼伦湖沙丘带形成原因分析

近年来,内蒙古呼伦湖地区降水偏少、气温偏高,导致湖水水位下降。引起沙丘带的面积逐渐增加。文章基于新巴尔虎右旗30年气象资料变化,试分析呼伦湖沙丘带形成原因。并分析沙丘带发展趋势。     

太阳紫外辐射强度与气象要素的相关分析

利用地面常规气象观测资料，分析了白天条件下太阳紫外辐射与其它气象要素的相关关系，又利用这些常规气象要素拟合出紫外辐射强度的预报方程，并利用逐日天气预报结果（某些常规要素），预报逐日紫外辐射强度，评价各气象要素对太阳紫外辐射变化的主次贡献。     

北京高速公路大气能见度与气象条件的相关分析

从能见度与气象要素的日变化、逐月变化、季节变化特征以及不同等级能见度与对应气象要素平均值的依赖关系等不同角度,统计分析了北京首都机场和八达岭高速公路大气能见度与地面气象要素的相关性,并进行了高速公路大气能见度与地面气象要素相关性普查。结果表明,北京高速公路大气能见度与相对湿度呈明显负相关,与风速和气压呈正相关,高湿和小风是出现低能见度的主要气象条件。     

常州用电负荷量气象指数初探

分析了常州市1998－1999年全市用电量变化特征，建立与其关系密切的最高气温、最低气温、相对湿度、天气状况等气象要素之间的关系，得出其回归计算方程，并分析引起用电量变化的非气象要素，将得到的预报结果进行订正。通过检验、分析，最后确定了用电负荷量指数的划分标准。     

基于关联规则挖掘的自动站观测数据相关性分析

引入数据关联规则挖掘技术,分析地面观测中不同气象要素之间的相互关系,为不同气象要素观测数据的内部一致性检查提供参考。通过对2013年全年北京南郊试验站地面气象自动观测数据的分析,统计出了强关联规则气象观测要素相应的值域分布区间。分析了相对湿度和风速变化值之间的相关性,得到相对应的变化阈值;通过分析能见度与相对湿度的相关性,发现能见度变化受降水影响较大,因此,统计不同等级降雨强度所对应的能见度区间值,通过分析具体降水过程,揭示能见度与降雨强度随时间的变化关系,结果表明,利用上述相关性对气象要素观测数据进行判定,可以为多种气象观测数据的质量控制提供参考。     

常用组件生成复杂图表在网站中的应用

在Web程序开发中,如果以图表形式处理、显示各种气象资料,把相应的气象要素的变化情况以特定图表形式表现,可以更好的分析各气象要素的变化.     

飑的观测与记录

为了更好地做好飑的观测,总结了平原站2004年和2006年两次飑出现时气象要素的变化特点,飑出现时常伴随瞬间风速突增,风向突变,强风持续时间短促,并伴有气压、湿度骤增,气温骤降等气象要素的剧烈变化,还常伴随雷阵雨出现。通过这些变化来寻找飑的特征,防止飑的漏记和误记。     

加强业务管理提高测报质量

我局从1999～2003年,测报工作连续4年未出现错情,在此期间共有1个250个班,9个百班无错通过上级业务部门验收.在仪器保管、使用、维护上符合要求,对外报送的各种表、簿都能做好出门合格.     

Addressing the necessity of the registration of the effects of causal mechanics in the example of a simple barotropic model of the atmosphere

Summary Considering the effects of causal mechanics on geophysical problems enables us to explain a number of phenomena, which cannot be explained from conventional positions. This paper shows that the introduction of the force of causality in a simple barotropic hydrodynamic model of weather forecasts results in the outcomes, which, on the one hand, can not be described from the positions of classical hydro-thermodynamics, whilst on the other hand, exist in nature.     

Modeling the evolution of the family of Mediterranean cyclones using the regional model of the atmosphere

Due to the complex orography and the presence of the moisture-saturated air, the Mediterranean region is characterized by the increased baroclinic and convective instability, that leads to the sudden cyclogenesis and the formation of dangerous weather phenomena. The results are given of the investigation of formation mechanisms of Mediterranean cyclones, peculiarities of stages of their evolution and dynamical processes, which occur throughout the atmosphere, using the regional numerical ETA model of the atmosphere by the example of individual cases of the cyclogenesis over the Mediterranean Sea. It is revealed that the cold Arctic air outbreak (the intrusion of the cold Arctic air) to the south of the Western Europe, leading to the formation of the areas of the baroclinic instability and the increased moisture content of the air in the area of the vortex origin, favors the cyclogenesis. The use of the vertical coordinate η in the model enabled to compute more precisely the vertical wind speed, therefore, the influence of the orography on the moisture content and precipitation increase became pronounced. The transformation of the structure of meteorological fields in the course of the development of vortexes is considered. The computation of the helicity is made, and it is shown that this characteristic can be one of the earliest predictors of cyclogenesis.     

Analysis of the Characteristics of the Low-level Jets in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River during the Mei-yu Season

Here, we analyze the characteristics and the formation mechanisms of low-level jets(LLJs) in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River during the 2010 mei-yu season using Wuhan station radiosonde data and the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5) reanalysis dataset. Our results show that the vertical structure of LLJs is characterized by a predominance of boundary layer jets(BLJs) concentrated at heights of 900–1200 m.The BLJs occur most frequently at 230...     

流场配置及地形对西南低涡形成的动力作用

本文采用定常二层模式讨论较小地形及高、低层流场配置对西南低涡形成的动力作用。指出了西南低涡的形成是与盆地、河谷以及其上气流分层有关的一种定常态.在上、下为西风分层时期,低层的浅薄暖湿西风有利于西南低涡的形成.在上、下为东、西风分层时期,上层浅薄东风亦有利于西南低涡的形成.小型的凸起山脉对西南低涡的形成没有作用.     

On the determination of the height of the Ekman boundary layer

The heighth of the Ekman turbulent boundary layer determined by the momentum flux profile is estimated with the aid of considerations of similarity and an analysis of the dynamic equations. Asymptotic formulae have been obtained showing that, with increasing instability,h increases as ¦¦^1/2 (where is the non-dimensional stratification parameter); with increasing stability, on the other hand,h decreases as ^–1/2. For comparison, a simple estimate of the boundary-layer heighth _u determined by the velocity profile is given. As is shown, in unstable stratification,h _u behaves asymptotically as ¦¦^–1, i.e., in a manner entirely different from that ofh .     

接地降阻剂的PH值的探讨

1引言我国执行接地降阻剂测试的技术标准是全国电力系统起草的:“接地降阻剂暂行技术条件修改稿”。在技术要求中要求接地降阻剂的酸碱值应在7￣12范围内。在实际使用中发现该技术要求对接地降阻剂的酸碱值要求范围并不合理,需要分析和讨论。2接地降阻剂的PH值接地降阻剂的酸碱性对地网的使用寿命至关重要,为了不让接地降阻剂腐蚀接地体或者减弱接地降阻剂对接地体的腐蚀,在接地降阻剂测试的技术要求中,对接地降阻剂的酸碱度有一定的限制。国内各厂家用于生产接地降阻剂的偏弱酸的盐类进行了对镀锌钢材腐蚀的试验,结果是这些镀锌钢材均受到…     

阴山山脉对内蒙古中部地区气象要素影响初探

文章选用阴山山脉山北乌拉特后旗、白云、达茂旗、苏尼特左旗、化德,山南杭后旗、包头、呼和浩特、察右前旗、兴和1971—2000年气温、降水量、天气现象等资料进行对比分析,得到阴山山脉对内蒙古自治区中部地区气象要素影响初步结论。     

2003年黑龙江省主要灾害性天气及其对作物生长发育和粮食产量的影响

利用40年气温、降水资料和历史上千旱、低温严重的年份与2003年进行对比分析．评估黑龙江省2003年发生的严重灾害的分布范同,灾害程度,及其对主要粮食作物生长发育和产量的影响。得出2003年的灾害是30年未遇的全省性严重灾害年,各种灾害对各种作物都产生了不同程度的影响,受害最重的作物是小麦。     

On the forecast of the onset and end of the convective season in the Amazon

Summary ?Some features of the climate system that can be considered predictors of the onset and end of the convective season over the Amazon were identified using one-month lag correlations and field composites. The fields analyzed were sea surface temperature (SST), outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR), vertical velocity and upper tropospheric winds. Warm (cold) anomalies in the SST in the tropical North Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea tend to be associated with delayed (early) onsets. Likewise, there is a tendency towards a delayed (early) end of the convective season with cold (warm) anomalies in these ocean regions. In addition, the SST in the cold tongue region of the equatorial Pacific is negatively, though weakly correlated with the onset date. The signal of this SST is more evident in the case of the end date, which is earlier with respect to its mean date in most of El Ni?o cases. The convective activity intensity itself conditions the onset and the end of the convective season, as it is evidenced by the behavior of the OLR and the vertical velocity fields. The more (less) intense the convective activity over South America during the preceding month, the earlier the onset and the later the end of the convective season on the Amazon region. The prediction of the onset and end dates of the convective season in the Amazon region was explored using a simple multiple regression technique based on the variables that have shown precursor signals with respect to these dates. The correlation coefficient between the predicted and the observed onset date is 0.81, and in the case of the end date, it is 0.76. The skill to predict early, delayed and normal categories was high, since in more than two thirds of the cases the category was successfully predicted, and there were no predictions of categories opposed to those observed. Received July 23, 2001; revised February 22, 2002; accepted April 26, 2002