冀北地区金矿床He、Ar、Pb同位素组成及其成矿物质来源

成矿物质来源一直是成矿理论研究和找矿实践的焦点问题。选择了冀北地区3个幔枝构造金矿集中区11个金矿床黄铁矿及部分围岩进行了He、Ar同位素测定。研究表明,冀北地区主要金矿的3He/4He的值域为(0.93～7.30)×10-6,平均3.55×10-6;R/Ra=0.66～4.93,平均2.53;40Ar/36Ar=426～2073,40Ar平均为8.20×10-7cm3/g,4He/40Ar平均为2.17。矿区外围片麻岩和花岗岩的3He/4He值仅为(0.001～0.55)×10-6,反映来源上有明显差别。3He和4He在He同位素浓度图上落于地幔区附近。64个Pb同位素数据表现为矿质以幔源为主,确有部分壳源物质加入。研究认为,本区成矿物质应源于地球深部,随地幔柱多级演化,深部成矿流体由地球深部迁移到浅部,期间不可避免地存在壳幔流体的混合作用,故其值域往往界于地幔和地壳之间。     

Isotopic Characteristics of Mesozoic Au-Ag Polymetallic Ore Deposits in Northern Hebei and Their Ore-Forming Materials Source

It has long been a controversy about the source of ore-forming materials of Au-Ag polymetallic deposits both in metallogenic theory and in ore-searching practice. In terms of a large wealth of the isotopic statistics data from Indosinian-Yanshanian endogenic ore deposits in northern Hebei (generally referring to the areas along the northern part of Taihang Mountains and northern Hebei, the same below) , it is considered that the ore-forming materials came from the deep interior of the Earth, which had migrated through plumes to the Earth surface while ex-perienced multi-stage evolution and then emplaced progressively in favorable structural loci to form ores. Their isotope data show that 559 sulfur isotopic data from 40 ore deposits are, for the most part, within the range of -5‰ -5‰, with a high degree of homogenization, indicating that the sulfur is derived mainly from magma; 200 lead isotope data from 37 ore deposits indi-cate that the ore-forming materials are principally of mantle source though some crust-source ma-terial was involved; 96 oxygen, hydrogen and carbon isotope data from 34 ore deposits illustrate that the ore-forming fluids are dominated by magmatic water while other sources of water would be involved. It may therefore be seen that the formation of endogenic deposits has nothing to do with the strata .     

Temporal and spatial distribution of Au-Ag polymetallic ore deposits and source of oreforming materials in the ZhangjiakouXuanhua mantle-branch metallogenetic zone

The Zhangjiakou-Xuanhua area is a mineral resource-concentrated area for gold-silver polymetallic ore deposits. The temporal and spatial distribution and origin of mineral resources have been argued for a long time. Based on the comprehensive studies of geochronology and sulfur, lead, oxygen, carbon and noble gas isotopes, it is considered that the temporal and spatial distribution of mineral resources in this area is obviously controlled by the Zhangjiakou-Xuanhua mantle branch structure, as is reflected by the occurrence of gold deposits in the inner parts and of Ag-Pb-Zn polymetallic ore deposits in the outer parts. The mineralization took place mainly during the Yanshanian period. Ore-forming materials came largely from the deep interior of the Earth, and hydrothermal fluids were derived predominantly from Yanshanian magmatism.     

Deep－Source Ore－Forming Materials and Prospecting of Gold Deposits in Eastern Hebei,China

Eastern Hebei Province is one of the important gold mineralization areas in North China,and detailed investigations have been made in this area.Different mineralization models and different ore-formng surces have been proposed for the gold deposits in this area.As more detailed work was made and more information has been accumulated,it is necessary to make a new investigation on gold metallogenesis and its source.This paper presents the data about 13 gold deposits(occurrences.)It is concluded that the element gold came from the deep mantle.Different models of metallogenesis substantially describe such processes that ore-forming fluids were involved in metallogenesis in different favorable loci.Gold ore prospecting should be focused on fluid channel ways and favorable structures.     

阳山金矿床锶铅同位素组成特征与成矿物质来源

甘肃阳山金矿位于西秦岭造山带的陕甘川"金三角"地区,是我国最大的卡林型-类卡林型金矿床.本文研究了该矿床赋矿地层、岩浆岩、矿石以及碧口地体碧口群岩石的锶和铅同位素组成特征,获得成矿时的矿石硫化物、赋矿地层三河口群、中生代花岗斑岩、前寒武纪碧口群的锶同位素初始比值I_(Sr)范围分别是0.70798～0.71697,0.71382～0.72005,0.70918～0.71168,0.70344～0.71009.这些结果表明,初始成矿流体Isr值应低于赋矿地层、中生代花岗岩,可能主要由碧口地体变质脱水形成.成矿流体在上升过程中与高ISr值的赋矿地层三河口群发生水岩作用,流体I_(Sr)值增高;高I_(Sr)值的成矿流体与赋矿花岗斑岩脉再次发生水岩作用时,导致部分硫化物I_(Sr)值高于花岗斑岩I_(Sr)值.矿石硫化物~(206)Pb/~(204) Pb、~(207) Pb/~(204) Pb和~(204) Pb/~(204)Pb比值分别为17.552～18.759、15.576～15.928和37.894～39.293,变化范围大于赋矿地层三河口群和花岗斑岩,而与碧口群基本一致,反映了硫化物铅同位素组成主要继承了碧口群的特征,同样指示部分成矿物质来自碧口群.总之,碧口群是不可缺少的成矿流体和物质的来源之一,含碧口群的碧口地体在中生代沿勉略缝合带向北陆内俯冲到阳山矿田之下,在阳山矿田之下发生变质脱水作用,流体上升为成矿系统提供流体、成矿元素和热量.     

Temporal-spatial distribution and ore-forming material source of gold,copper and silver polymetallic ore deposits in the Fuping mantle structure zone

This study was conducted following research on metallogenesis in the Zhangjiajie-Xuanhua and East Hebei mantle branch structure zones. The Fuping mantle branch structure zone is one where Au, Cu and Ag polymetallic ore resources are concentrated in North Hebei. However, there has existed a long-standing controversy on the temporal-spatial distribution of ore resources and their ore-forming material sources. In terms of age dating and the comprehensive analysis of S, Pb, O, C and Si isotopes, it is considered that the temporal-spatial distribution of ore resources in this mantle branch structure zone is obviously controlled by the Fuping mantle branch structure. In space there is developed such a metallogenic pattern as to be Ag, Pb and Zn polymetallic ore deposits with gold appearing inside and copper appearing outside. Metallogenesis is dated mainly at Yanshanian, the ore-forming mate-rials were derived predominantly from the deep interior of the Earth, and ore-forming fluids were derived largely from Yanshanian magmatism.     

Source of ore-forming material for the Huangtuliang gold deposit,Hebei Province and ore prospecting in the deep periphery

The Huangtuliang gold deposit is characterized by its wide and large ore belt, stable extension and closely spaced orebodies. Unfortunately, no orebody was found by deep drilling. As a result, ore prospecting in this region was once put into dilemma. Detailed analysis of ore-forming and ore-controlling structures in the mining district by the authors has revealed that the ore-forming and ore-controlling structure in this mining district is a steeply dipping （85°-110°/∠70°-85° N-NNE）, spade-shaped ductile shear zone, and the ore-controlling structures are a series of nearly erected second-ordered faults which are developed in the upper part of the ductile shear zone, inter-secting with the ductile shear zone. Deep cutting of the ductile shear zone made it possible the ascending of ore fluids from the mantle plume at depth and these ore fluids would migrate upwards along the ductile shear zone under certain temperature and pressure conditions. Along their ascending path, the ore fluids would extract ore-forming elements from the country rocks and the extracted ore-forming elements would be deposited as ores in the hang- ing-wall second-ordered faults. The reason why no orebody was found in early prospecting at depth is that north- ward-dipping drilling in the southern part of the shear zone extended so deeply as to be beneath the shear zone. Only shallow-level orebodies could be found by southward-dipping drilling practice in the northern part of the shear zone. The location where deep-seated orebodies occurred shifted northwards and the orebodies occurred at greater depth. Therefore, it is natural that no orebody could be found when drill core passed through the shear zone. After the ore-forming and ore-controlling structures were well understood, the focus of ore prospecting was placed on the deep-level, northward-penetrating veins. In this way a number of new blind orebodies of great thickness have been found. On the basis of research development in the mining district, a prospecting plan has been made     

Helium-argon isotopic tracing for the Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic ore deposits in the central-south segment of the Da Hinggan Ling Range

In recent years big strides have been made in the exploration of ores in the central-south segment of the Da Hinggan Ling Range, though some debates still exist on the metallogenesis and sources of ore-forming materials. Pyrite and other sulfides in direct relation to the Pb-Zn-Ag ore deposits were chosen for the He and Ar isotopic analysis of ore-forming fluids, and the first He and Ar isotope data have been obtained from the study region. ^3He/^4He ratios in 14 samples collected from 7 mining districts are 2.17×10^-6-12.52×10^-6, averaging 6.86×10^-6 and their R/Ra ratios are 1.56-9.01 Ra, averaging 4.37 Ra. By projecting the data points onto the ^3He-^4He concentrations diagram, all the points fall near the mantle helium area. The calculated mantle-source helium ratios are within the range of 19.58%-76.96%, with an average of 49.52%. Argon isotopic characteristics are close to those of mantle source, indicating that the ore-forming material was transport upwards via the multi-stage evolution of mantle plume and concentrated as ores in the favorable loci of mantle branch structures.     

内蒙古十八倾壕金矿床铅同位素组成的构造学意义

十八倾壕金矿有两种类型矿体：糜棱岩型矿体和石英脉型矿体。糜棱岩型矿石Pb同位素组成以低放射性成因铅为特点：^206Pb／^204Pb为16．63～17．45，^207pb／^304Pb为1531～15．48，^208Pb/^204Pb为36．52～38．85；在铅的动力学演化曲线上非常接近幔源铅演化模式曲线；与区域上典型的韧性剪切带型金矿——后石花金矿的铅同位素组成一致，是早元古代晚期(2040Ma)韧性剪切变质变形作用的产物。石英脉型矿石Pb同位素组成以高放射性成因铅为特点：^206Pb／^204Pb为18.23～19．74，^207Pb／^204Pb为15．69～15．89，^208Pb／^204pb为38．64～40．13；在铅的动力学演化曲线上非常接近上地壳铅演化的模式曲线；与区域上典型的燕山期岩浆热液型金矿——东伙房金矿以及燕山期花岗岩的铅同位素组成一致，是燕山期岩浆热液型金矿化。十八倾壕金矿是两次小同性质成矿作用叠加的结果。这从Pb同位素组成上证明了笔者曾经提出的关于该矿床叠加构造控矿的观点。     

云南哀牢山大坪金矿床成矿流体H-O-C-S同位素组成及其成矿意义

大坪金矿是云南哀牢山金矿带中最大的新生代造山型金矿之一,其矿体可分为两种类型:晚元古代闪长岩岩体中金矿和中泥盆统马鹿洞组(D2m)灰岩地层中金矿。成矿流体H-O-C-S同位素研究表明,闪长岩岩体中金矿δ18OH2O为2.39‰～7.59‰,δD为-85‰～-60‰,热液方解石的δ13C值为-4.7‰～-4.6‰,黄铁矿δ34S值为-2.8‰～7.6‰,平均3.1‰,方铅矿δ34S值为0.2‰～6.3‰,平均2.0‰,而灰岩地层中金矿的δ18OH2O值为4.36‰～6.82‰,δD为-75‰～-67‰,热液铁白云石和方解石δ13C为-7.6‰～-0.5‰,黄铁矿δ34S值为2.2‰～10.2‰,平均6.5‰,显示大坪金矿中两种主要金矿类型成矿流体的组成和来源基本一致,均主要为来自下地壳的变质流体组成,但有地幔流体加入。大坪金矿属于剪切带控制的中深中温热液型金矿,其成矿与哀牢山金矿带在喜马拉雅早期强烈的壳幔相互作用有关。来自下地壳和地幔的深源流体沿超壳剪切带上升,在地壳浅部向次级断裂构造流通,分别在闪长岩体和灰岩地层中成矿。围岩不是大坪金矿的主要控矿因素。     

辽南地区金矿床铅同位素组成特征

辽南地区是我国重要的金矿化集中区,区内产出大、中,小型金矿２０余处。简要叙述了猫岭,五龙,四道沟,岫岩,新房５个金矿床的地质概况。讨论了它们的铅同位素组成并划分为两大类：第一类具有正常铅的同位素组成,其成矿年龄与辽河群变质年龄相当;第二类具有异常铅的同位素组成。在铅构造模式图上,上述５个金矿床铅同位素组成具有壳源铅的特点。     

Sulfur isotopic composition of the Tianqiao Pb-Zn ore deposit,Northwest Guizhou Province,China：Implications for the source of sulfur in the ore-forming fluids

The Tianqiao Pb-Zn ore deposit of Guizhou Province, China, is located in the mid-east of the Si-chuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Pb-Zn-Ag multi-metallic mineralization area, which is representative of the Pb-Zn ore de-posits in this area. It consists of three main orebodies, whose Pb+Zn reserves are more than 0.2 million ton. This paper analyzes the sulfur isotopic composition of these orebodies. The data show that the ore minerals (galena, sphalerite, pyrite) in these orebodies are enriched in heavy sulfur, with δ34SV-CDT values varying between 8.35‰ and 14.44‰, i.e. the δ34SV-CDT values of pyrite are between 12.81‰ and 14.44‰, the mean value is 13.40‰; the δ34SV-CDT values of sphalerite are range from 10.87‰ to 14.00‰, the mean value is 12.53‰; the δ34SV-CDT values of galena are range from 8.35‰ to 9.83‰, the mean value is 8.84‰, and they have the feature of δ34Spyrite>δ34Ssphalerite>δ34Sgalena, which indicates the sulfur isotope in ore-forming fluids has attained equilibrium. The δ34S V-CDT values of the deposit are close to those of sulfates from carbonate strata of different ages in the ore-field (15‰), which suggests that the sulfur in the ore-forming fluids should be derived from the thermo-chemical sulfate reduction of sulfates from the sedimentary strata.     

冀西石湖金矿成矿物质来源及成矿作用探讨

石湖金矿101、116矿脉深部延伸稳定,品位有所提高,产状变化不大,南于深部探矿进展较好,而使其成为太行山中段大型金矿.石湖金矿的矿脉明显受断裂构造控制,总体属岩浆期后热液石英脉-断裂构造蚀变岩型矿床.本文采用幔枝构造新视角开展研究,通过对地质背景研究及铅、硫、硅、碳、氢、氧同位素的分析表明:石湖金矿成矿物质主要来源于地球深部,成矿溶液主要为岩浆水,混有部分大气水.进而探讨了其成矿作用,建立了成矿模式,提出了具体找矿建议.     

河北省张家口金矿集区同位素及包裹体地质特征

张家口地区是我国重要的金矿集中区之一.自上世纪80年代以来,在崇礼县-赤城县毗邻地段的大型偏碱性二长岩杂岩体及其太古界中深变质岩系中,相继发现金矿田三个,探明金矿储量近100t.通过对该金矿集中区各类型矿床的大量同位素以及包裹体地质特征的研究,对该区金矿的成矿物质来源、矿床成因进行了探讨,这对于该区今后的金矿找矿工作具有实质性的指导意义.     

Lead isotopic composition and lead source of the Tongchanghe basalt-type native copper-chalcocite deposit in Ninglang, western Yunnan, China

1 Introduction The native copper-chalcocite deposits associated with the Emeishan basalt have attracted great attention of many scientists engaged in ore deposits in recent years, but their focus is more put on the deposits hos- ted in the high-Ti basalt …     

藏南邦布大型金矿成矿流体He-Ar-S同位素组成及其成矿意义

邦布金矿床位于青藏高原雅鲁藏布江结合带东段南侧,矿体受大型脆-韧性剪切带的次级断裂控制,其一系列地质地球化学特征显示该矿属于造山型金矿。其含金石英脉中黄铁矿的流体包裹体3He/4He=0.174～1.010Ra,40Ar/36Ar=311.9～1724.9,矿物δ34S=2.8‰～4.7‰,平均3.6‰;围岩中不含金黄铁矿流体包裹体3He/4He=0.01137Ra,40Ar/36Ar=1709.7,矿物δ34S=6.5‰,显示邦布金矿成矿流体主要由地壳流体组成,但其中有地幔流体的加入,幔源He占2.7%～16.7%。由壳幔相互作用导致的幔源流体的加入是邦布金矿重要的成矿条件。在印度板块与欧亚大陆板块碰撞过程中,形成切穿地壳的纵向剪切带,深源地幔流体上升,与地壳来源的富CO2流体混合,由于温度和压力下降和流体沸腾导致含金硫化物和石英结晶,并在其次级断裂构造中形成邦布金矿体。     

Rb—Sr Isotopic Chronology of the Au—Bearing Quartz Veins in Gold Depostits in the Eastern Part of North China Platform

In the eastern part of Chian there had occurred large-scale gold mineralization during the Mesozoic,resulting in a large number of inprotant gold ore-concentrated areas.In this paper we have selected some isotope data(including four gold deposits previously studied and two gold deposis in this work)of Au-bearing quartz veins of the representative gold deposits in six impor-tant gold ore-concentrated areas in the periphery of the North China Platform and calculated their metallogenic ages using the method of Ludwig(2.90 version).The results show that the repre-sentative gold deposits in the six gold ore-concentrated areas were formed during the Mesozoic.     

冀东峪耳崖金矿床辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义

峪耳崖金矿床是冀东地区重要的金矿之一,位于华北板块燕山造山带东段,马兰峪复背斜北翼。金矿体赋存于峪耳崖花岗岩及其与灰质白云岩接触带中,矿化类型包括石英脉型和细脉浸染型,属中温热液型矿床。本次工作采用Re-Os同位素测年技术,对该矿床主成矿阶段的7件辉钼矿样品进行了精确定年,获得模式年龄为(168.4±2.5)Ma~(171.7±3.0)Ma,加权平均年龄为(169.84±0.95)Ma,等时线年龄为(171.9±2.7)Ma,表明矿床形成于中侏罗世,与成矿花岗岩侵位时间基本一致。辉钼矿的铼含量为50.63×10-6~116.1×10-6,平均84.61×10-6,指示成矿物质可能为壳幔混合来源。结合前人研究成果资料分析,峪耳崖金矿是冀东地区燕山早期区域性强烈构造-岩浆-成矿作用的产物。     

山东蓬家夼金矿床成矿流体地球化学特征

胶东地区存在３种类型的金矿床,蚀变岩型（焦家式）和石英脉型（玲珑式）已经广为重视。最近在胶莱盆地的东北缘发现了一种新型金矿床－层探型金矿床,以蓬家夼金矿床和宋家沟金矿床为代表。蓬家夼金矿床赋存在胶莱盆地东北缘拆离断层带中,产于莱阳组砾岩与荆山群地层的构造接触部位,是在燕山期火山－岩浆活动期间在大气水和岩浆水的参与下形成的。围岩遭受了强烈的硅化、绢云母化、碳酸经和黄铁矿化等蚀变作用。单个矿体最大长度     

小秦岭与胶东金矿床的成矿流体特征对比

小秦岭和胶东地区夺型金矿床的矿化类型和成矿流体的包裹体，稳定同位素特征和有很多相似之处，但也有些区别。小秦岭矿床的流体包裹体具更高的ＣＯ２／Ｈ２Ｏ，较高的Ｋ＾＋／Ｎａ＾＋和Ｆ＾－／Ｃｌ＾－，这与该区的成矿压力较高，容矿主岩以相对贫Ｋ＾＋，Ｆ＾－的斜长角闪岩和灰色片麻岩类有关。