The use of taxonomic distinctness indices in assessing patterns of biodiversity in modular organisms

Estimating diversity of modular organisms may be problematic due to actual difficulties in discriminating between 'individuals' and quantifying their abundances. Quantitative data, when available, are collected through methods that could preclude the application of classical diversity indices, making comparisons among studies difficult. Taxonomic distinctness indices, such as the 'Average Taxonomic Distinctness' (Δ⁺) and the 'Variation in Taxonomic Distinctness' (Λ⁺) may represent suitable tools in investigating diversity beyond the simple species number. The potential usefulness of such indices has been explored almost exclusively on unitary organisms, neglecting modular ones. In this study, we employed Δ⁺ and Λ⁺ to analyse patterns of diversity of epiphytic hydroid assemblages living on Cystoseira seaweeds at a hierarchy of spatial scales, along 800 km of rocky coast (SE Italy). ANOVA on species richness and Λ⁺ showed no significant difference in sample diversity at the investigated spatial scales. In contrast, there were significant differences at the scale of 10s of km in Δ⁺. Analyses based on simulations detected significant variations at all spatial scales in Δ⁺. Such findings underline the potential of Δ⁺ in highlighting relevant spatial scales of variation in patterns of hydroid diversity. Our results also suggest that the interplay between natural environmental variations and the complex ecological traits of modular organisms might affect taxonomic distinctness indices. We stress the need for further investigations focusing on modular organisms before any generalizations on the use of taxonomic relatedness measures in examining marine biodiversity can be made.     

The Ecology of Amorphous Aggregations (Marine Snow) in the Northern Adriatic Sea:

Abstract. In the water-column of the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea) flocculent, amorphous aggregates known as marine snow reach maximum density and dimensions up to 20cm in diameter during summer months. Sampling of these fragile macro-aggregates was carried out by SCUBA-divers.
A large detrital component was found to be embedded in an organic matrix together with a large array of intact phytoplankton species. Heterotrophic bacterial density ranged from 2–65 × 10⁸ cells-g^-1 (marine snow dry wt) and is therefore of the same order of magnitude as in the surface layer of the sediments of the Gulf. In terms of biomass, bacteria reached only 30–95% of heterotrophic microflagellates.
A mean abundance of marine snow of 5g (marine snow dry wt) m^-3 was obtained for the water-column above the pyenolinc. At this boundary layer, however, a mean abundance of about 10g (marine snow dry wt) m^-3 led to the formation of a distinct, 10-50cm thick layer. Based on these data and sedimentation rates of marine snow to the pyenoclinc (38 g [marine snow dry wt] m^-2 d^-1) the potential ecological significance of these macro-aggregates for the pelagic system of the Gulf of Trieste is discussed.     

石斑鱼虹彩病毒SGIV在宿主细胞内依赖微管运动的行为特征

病毒是非常微小的简单生物, 不能独立生存, 必须借助宿主细胞完成自身的繁衍。病毒侵染进入细胞后, 通常借助于微管通过黏稠的细胞质运动到特定的复制位点。然而, 有关病毒依赖微管运动行为的精细动态研究还比较少。石斑鱼虹彩病毒(Singapore grouper iridovirus, SGIV)为虹彩病毒科蛙病毒属的一个新种, 是海水养殖鱼类的重要病毒性病原, 对海水养殖业造成重大经济损失。利用单粒子示踪技术实时追踪了SGIV病毒粒子沿微管运动的行为, 观察到SGIV在细胞边缘至微管中心之间的双向运动, 最高瞬时速度约0.2μm·s^-1, 均表现为主动运输。病毒粒子运动至微管交叉位置会减速迂回, 而后或受限于此, 平均运动速率约0.008μm·s^-1, 或通过交叉处继续快速运动, 最高瞬时速度为0.2μm·s^-1。同时, SGIV感染会影响微管的形态结构, 随着SGIV感染, 微管逐渐围绕细胞核和病毒加工厂形成环状结构。研究结果初步揭示了SGIV病毒和细胞微管之间相互作用的复杂过程, 丰富了我们对虹彩病毒胞内生命活动的认识, 有助于深入地理解海水鱼类虹彩病毒感染致病机理。     

2015年春季南海北部陆架海域网采浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子关系

根据2015年春季南海北部陆架海域的调查数据,分析了网采浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系。结果显示:共鉴定出浮游植物4门378种(含变种与变型),其中硅藻门209种,甲藻门157种,蓝藻门9种,着色鞭毛藻门3种。该海区的主要优势种有翼鼻状藻Proboscia alata、翼鼻状藻纤细变型Proboscia alata f. gracillima、佛氏海毛藻Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii、尖刺拟菱形藻Pseudo-nitzschia pungens、短角弯角藻Eucompia zoodiacus和洛氏角毛藻Chaetoceros lorenzianus等,各断面优势种差异较大,仅佛氏海毛藻在4个断面成为优势种。浮游植物丰度范围为(0.63~1 430.04)×10⁴个/m³,平均为76.20×10⁴个/m³,丰度较高的站点主要集中在湛江断面D近岸站位和汕头断面H。春季南海北部浮游植物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为1.06~5.56,均值为3.99。冗余分析显示,影响南海北部陆架海域浮游植物群落结构的主要环境因子为水温、盐度和活性磷酸盐。南海北部陆架海域浮游植物基本呈现近岸高离岸低的分布特点,水温和盐度是影响其分布的主要环境因子。     

Plastic particles in coastal pelagic ecosystems of the Northeast Pacific ocean

The purpose of this study was to examine the distribution, abundance and characteristics of plastic particles in plankton samples collected routinely in Northeast Pacific ecosystems, and to contribute to the development of ideas for future research into the occurrence and impact of small plastic debris in marine pelagic ecosystems. Plastic debris particles were assessed from zooplankton samples collected as part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) ongoing ecosystem surveys during two research cruises in the Southeast Bering Sea in the spring and fall of 2006 and four research cruises off the U.S. west coast (primarily off southern California) in spring, summer and fall of 2006, and in January of 2007. Nets with 0.505 mm mesh were used to collect surface samples during all cruises, and sub-surface samples during the four cruises off the west coast. The 595 plankton samples processed indicate that plastic particles are widely distributed in surface waters. The proportion of surface samples from each cruise that contained particles of plastic ranged from 8.75 to 84.0%, whereas particles were recorded in sub-surface samples from only one cruise (in 28.2% of the January 2007 samples). Spatial and temporal variability was apparent in the abundance and distribution of the plastic particles and mean standardized quantities varied among cruises with ranges of 0.004-0.19 particles/m3, and 0.014-0.209 mg dry mass/m3. Off southern California, quantities for the winter cruise were significantly higher, and for the spring cruise significantly lower than for the summer and fall surveys (surface data). Differences between surface particle concentrations and mass for the Bering Sea and California coast surveys were significant for pair-wise comparisons of the spring but not the fall cruises. The particles were assigned to three plastic product types: product fragments, fishing net and line fibers, and industrial pellets; and five size categories: <1 mm, 1-2.5 mm, >2.5-5 mm, >5-10 mm, and >10 mm. Product fragments accounted for the majority of the particles, and most were less than 2.5 mm in size. The ubiquity of such particles in the survey areas and predominance of sizes <2.5 mm implies persistence in these pelagic ecosystems as a result of continuous breakdown from larger plastic debris fragments, and widespread distribution by ocean currents. Detailed investigations of the trophic ecology of individual zooplankton species, and their encounter rates with various size ranges of plastic particles in the marine pelagic environment, are required in order to understand the potential for ingestion of such debris particles by these organisms. Ongoing plankton sampling programs by marine research institutes in large marine ecosystems are good potential sources of data for continued assessment of the abundance, distribution and potential impact of small plastic debris in productive coastal pelagic zones.     

中太平洋富钴结壳中生物标志物、有机碳同位素地球化学及其古海洋环境意义

利用2003年大洋DY105-12,14航次在中太平洋海山获取的KXD28富钴结壳样品,采用气相色谱(GC)内标法对该结壳样品的分层样进行了可溶有机质(氯仿沥青“A”)及其族组成(饱和烃、芳烃、非烃)、正构烷烃、类异戊二烯烃的定量分析,并结合总有机碳(TOC)及有机碳同位素(δ¹³C)分析,探讨了结壳样品有机质来源及富钴结壳组成与生长环境之间的关系。结果表明:(1)富钴结壳中有机质生物母源主要为海洋生物和菌藻类,并混有少量陆源物质;有机碳同位素同样也指示了海洋水生生物碳同位素特征;(2)KXD28结壳从底层到最外层有机碳同位素发生了很大变化,结壳中有机碳同位素组成变化与结壳生长过程中的海洋环境气候相符合:富钴结壳生长前期δ¹³C组成由正变负,对应全球气候变冷,南极底层流向太平洋挺进;而富钴结壳生长后期δ¹³C逐渐偏正,与全球气候变暖和南极底层流萎缩相关联。     

海洋浮游微食物网生物在海洋颗粒形成和沉降中的作用

海洋中存在着大量的颗粒,包括大型聚合颗粒（即海雪,粒径>500μm）、小型聚合颗粒（1~500μm）和亚微米颗粒粒径（<1μm）等。颗粒在海水中营造了不同于纯海水的小生境,其中生活着与自然海水中不同的生物。异养细菌、蓝细菌、真核藻类、鞭毛虫、纤毛虫等微食物网生物可以黏附在海洋颗粒上,或生活在颗粒内部,其丰度高于周围水体中的自由生活生物,这可能是由于颗粒提供了更适宜生长的营养环境。本文综述了海洋浮游微食物网生物在海洋颗粒形成和沉降中的作用。微食物网生物在颗粒物的形成过程中起到很重要的作用,它们可以直接促进颗粒形成,也可以彼此结合成颗粒,或微型浮游动物排粪形成颗粒。微食物网生物还可以对颗粒进行转化,影响颗粒的大小、沉降速度、或对颗粒及其黏附生物进行摄食。微食物网生物由于本身较小,沉降较慢,但这些生物和颗粒的结合使得微食物网生物在碳通量中发挥重要的作用。     

微塑料在海洋中的分布、生态效应及载体作用

微塑料通常被定义为最大尺寸小于5 mm的塑料碎片.受人类活动的影响,微塑料在海洋环境中广泛存在,引起了人们对其潜在影响的关注.由于粒径较小,微塑料可以通过多种途径进入水生生物体内,沿着食物链迁移、传递,影响海洋生态系统的健康与稳定.在海洋中长期停留的微塑料会吸附环境中的重金属、有机污染物和微生物等,加剧微塑料对海洋生物的毒性作用.本文综述了海洋环境中微塑料的污染特征,微塑料对海洋生物行为、生理等的影响,以及微塑料与微生物、其他污染物的相互作用和复合效应,并对微塑料对海洋环境及生物影响的研究进行了展望.     

Image processing of underwater multispectral imagery

Capturing in situ fluorescence images of marine organisms presents many technical challenges. The effects of the medium, as well as the particles and organisms within it, are intermixed with the desired signal. Methods for extracting and preparing the imagery for analysis are discussed in reference to a novel underwater imaging system called the low-light-level underwater multispectral imaging system (LUMIS). The instrument supports both uni- and multispectral collections, each of which is discussed in the context of an experimental application. In unispectral mode, LUMIS was used to investigate the spatial distribution of phytoplankton. A thin sheet of laser light (532 nm) induced chlorophyll fluorescence in the phytoplankton, which was recorded by LUMIS. Inhomogeneities in the light sheet led to the development of a beam-pattern-correction algorithm. Separating individual phytoplankton cells from a weak background fluorescence field required a two-step procedure consisting of edge detection followed by a series of binary morphological operations. In multispectral mode, LUMIS was used to investigate the bio-assay potential of fluorescent pigments in corals. Problems with the commercial optical-splitting device produced nonlinear distortions in the imagery. A tessellation algorithm, including an automated tie-point-selection procedure, was developed to correct the distortions. Only pixels corresponding to coral polyps were of interest for further analysis. Extraction of these pixels was performed by a dynamic global-thresholding algorithm.     

南海东北部夏季叶绿素a浓度垂向变化特征及其对水动力过程的响应*

叶绿素a浓度是估算海洋初级生产力的一个重要参数, 在海洋中垂向分布极不均匀, 其分布特征及影响机制是海洋生态学研究的重要基础问题。利用海洋光学观测的高垂向分辨率剖面数据, 系统地研究叶绿素a浓度垂向剖面的时空分布特征及其与海洋动力环境要素的关系, 可为揭示南海典型动力过程的生态环境效应提供重要基础。文章基于2015年夏季黑潮调查航次实测生物光学剖面, 利用676nm处吸收基线高度(a_LH(676))与叶绿素a浓度(Chla)之间的关系, 建立了具有较高反演精度的叶绿素a浓度反演算法(Chla=49.96×(a_LH(676))^0.9339, 决定系数R²=0.87和均方根误差RMSE=0.16mg·m^-3); 进一步结合观测期间物理过程, 揭示了叶绿素垂向分布对不同水动力过程的响应特征。研究结果表明, 近岸区域表层叶绿素a浓度变化范围为0.42~1.57mg·m^-3, 随着水深增加, 叶绿素a浓度逐渐降低, 在沿岸上升流影响区域, 叶绿素a浓度明显增高, 垂向上相对趋于均一分布; 次表层叶绿素极大值(Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum, SCM)现象在外海显著存在, 受中尺度过程影响明显, SCM深度在34m到100m之间变化, 在吕宋岛以西海域, 黑潮入侵加速了上层水体的混合, SCM所在水层被显著抬升至34m左右; 在冷涡影响区域, 次表层叶绿素极大值层被抬升, 涡旋中心比涡旋边缘抬升更为显著, 同时SCM的厚度增大。     

Average grain-size parameters of unlithified sediments in the World Ocean

The high diversity of grain-size parameters of marine and oceanic sediments is determined by hydrodynamical and gravitational processes. Grain-size spectra of the sediments in the World Ocean are represented by two main types. Filtering organisms that passively inherit the proportions of clayey fractions in suspended matter only accelerate the deposition of fine particles, not influencing their distribution at the bottom.     

Gene flow and demographic history of the mangrove crab Neosarmatium meinerti: A case study from the western Indian Ocean

Most marine organisms are characterized by at least one planktonic phase during their life history, potentially allowing interconnection of populations separated by several hundred kilometers. For many years, the idea that marine species are genetically homogenous throughout their range of distribution, due to passive larval transport, has been a paradigm. Nowadays, a growing number of studies underline the existence of boundaries in the marine realm and highlight how larval dispersal is a complex process depending on biotic as well as abiotic factors. Marine fragmented habitats, such as atolls, mangroves and estuaries, are optimal systems for investigating the marine dispersion process under a metapopulation approach, since populations can be geographically defined a priori as opposed to those occupying open marine environments. Within this frame, the present paper investigates the population genetic structure and the demographic history of the mangrove crab Neosarmatium meinerti within the western Indian Ocean by partial sequences of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I. A total of 167 specimens were sampled from six mangrove sites distributed along the East African coast, from Kenya to South Africa, also including a mangrove forest located on Mahé Island, Seychelles. A sharp genetic break between the mainland and the Seychelles is recorded, revealing the existence of two historically distinct groups that can be defined as independent evolutionary units. Gene flow along the East African coast appears to be high enough to form a single metapopulation, probably by means of stepping stone populations. Otherwise, this mainland metapopulation is currently under expansion through a gradual moving front from the subtropical toward the equatorial populations.     

可见光下Li+/CNTS-TiO2光催化剂降解海洋柴油污染的研究

通过溶胶-凝胶法,以CNTS-TiO₂为前驱物制备了Li⁺掺杂CNTS-TiO₂的纳米复合光催化剂(以下均称为Li⁺/CNTS-TiO₂),采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等测试手段对光催化剂进行表征,结果表明制得的催化剂为纳米材料且在TiO₂的基础上增大了比表面积。利用掺杂量为3%的Li⁺掺杂CNTS-TiO₂复合光催化剂(以下均称为3%Li⁺/CNTS-TiO₂)光催化降解海洋柴油污染,在可见光条件下考察了Li⁺掺杂量、煅烧温度、光催化剂投加量、柴油初始质量浓度、光催化反应时间、H₂O₂质量浓度等条件对光催化实验的影响。进行正交实验,确定最优化工艺条件为:Li⁺掺杂量为3%,光催化剂的煅烧温度为600 ℃,3%Li⁺/CNTS-TiO₂的投加量为0.1 g/L,降解柴油初始质量浓度为0.4 g/L,光催化反应时间为3 h,H₂O₂质量浓度为0.6 g/L,降解率可以达到95%以上。同时对此光催化剂进行应用试验,试验结果表明光催化剂去除效果优异,去除率可达91.87%。     

Freshwater Phytoplankton Bloom in Visovac Lake - A Possible Cause of Benthic Mortality in Krka Estuary (Adriatic Sea, Croatia)

Abstract. In late summer and early autumn of 1989 benthic mortality in the upper part of Krka estuary extended from the Skradinski buk waterfalls to approximately 5 km downstream. Dead benthic organisms were found on the bottom at depths of up to 4.5 m. During August, a freshwater phytoplankton bloom was recorded in Visovac lake (which supplies the Skradinski buk waterfalls). The green tide in the lake was composed of up to 11.9 million cells. 1^--¹, predominantly of Synedra acus and Dinobtyon sertularia . At that time the maximal total inflow of phytoplankton cells through the waterfalls was approx. 0.41 S^-I (38000 1. d^-1). Cells of these two species died after reaching the salt wedge and the cummulative effect of their decomposition apparently caused an oxygen demand sufficient enough to trigger the benthic mortality. Due to the water mass dynamics, the spreading of mortality downstream was slow (from August to October, approx. 5 km). Certain benthic fishes (like Gobius sp.) were observed on the bottom of the affected area in mid-October 1989.     

海洋微塑料污染现状及其对鱼类的生态毒理效应

海洋微塑料污染已成为全球性环境问题,鉴于微塑料特殊的理化性质,其对海洋生物和海洋生态系统的生态效应愈发受到关注。本文在综述海洋微塑料来源、类型和分布状况的基础上,探讨了鱼类摄入微塑料的途径及其生态毒理学效应。研究表明,全球近岸、大洋和极地海域均有微塑料分布,我国微塑料污染亦较为严重。微塑料会对包括鱼类在内的海洋生物生存造成威胁,其被鱼类摄入的主要途径是经口误食,微塑料进入鱼体后可在不同组织和器官中迁移,消化道是主要蓄积器官。微塑料对海洋鱼类的生态毒理效应主要包括:（1）影响生殖与精卵发生;（2）降低存活率;（3）影响生长发育;（4）扰乱行为;（5）导致组织病变与炎症反应;（6）导致代谢紊乱;（7）干扰神经系统;（8）导致氧化应激;（9）干扰内分泌等。未来研究应重点关注微塑料在海洋生态系统中的迁移扩散过程、不同浓度和粒径微塑料对鱼类的生态毒理效应及致毒机制研究、微塑料和其他典型海洋污染物对鱼类的联合毒性效应,以及微塑料与海洋酸化、缺氧、升温等全球环境问题的叠加效应等。     

Measurement of sound-speed gradients in deep-ocean sediments usingl_{1}deconvolution techniques

A method is described for measuring the sound speed and the sound-speed gradient of surficial sea floor sediment from bottom-reflected signals recorded in marine seismic experiments. The technique makes use of the ocean-bottom impulse responses that are deconvolved from the data by means of a novel curve-fitting algorithm based on thel_{1}norm (least absolute value) criterion. The algorithm constructs the impulse response by extracting spikes one at a time in a manner that causes thel_{1}error to decrease by the maximum amount possible as each spike is chosen. Thel_{1}curve-fitting approach is a completely general strategy for deconvolution, and our algorithm can be used with data obtained from any type of marine seismic source. Since our experiments have been carried out with small explosive charges, we have also developed a method for estimating the bubble-pulse wavelet directly from the recorded bottom-reflected signal. In this paper, thel_{1}algorithm is used to deconvolve impulse responses for data obtained in an experiment in the Alaskan Abyssal Plain. The sediment-sound-speed gradient determined from these results is typical of other values reported for turbidite abyssal plains where the surficial sediments are composed of unconsolidated silty deposits.     

洋山海洋倾倒区倾倒前后沉积物中酸可挥发性硫化物与重金属的比较分析

为了更清楚认识洋山海洋倾倒区海域沉积物的污染状况,测定了该海域倾倒前后表层沉积物中酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)、酸可提取重金属(SEM)的含量,并对AVS、ΣSEM及ΣSEM-AVS差值的平面分布进行了分析。结果表明,该倾倒区及周边海域倾倒前、中、后表层沉积物中AVS含量分别为0.55~2.62,0.83~1.65和0.51~1.23 μmol·g^-1,倾倒后AVS含量呈下降态势,倾倒区AVS含量高于周边海域;ΣSEM倾倒前、中、后平均含量分别为2.80,2.79和2.60 μmol·g^-1,倾倒后ΣSEM含量略呈下降态势,往倾倒区方向富集;从单个重金属对ΣSEM的贡献率来看,Zn＞Cr＞Cu＞Pb＞Cd,SEM_Zn基本在35％以上,SEM_Cr基本在20％以上,而SEM_Cd均在1％以下,ΣSEM分布形态主要受Zn和Cr的控制;ΣSEM-AVS差值均大于0,且在倾倒区其ΣSEM-AVS值低于周边海域,说明倾倒区海域沉积物中重金属对生物可能有一定毒性。     

Revealing pelagic habitat use: the tagging of Pacific pelagics program

Tagging of Pacific pelagics (TOPP) is a pilot program of the Census of marine life (CoML) that will lead to understanding of pelagic habitat use by marine vertebrates and large squid in the North Pacific. Taking a multispecies approach, the TOPP project will use a range of electronic tag technologies to put the distribution and behavior of pelagic organisms in the context of the oceanography of the North Pacific. Tag-bearing animals will be used as autonomous ocean profilers to enhance sparse oceanographic observations for vast ocean regions. These autonomous ocean samplers will provide unprecedented coverage of the water column structure of the North Pacific. The temporal and spatial data generated by this project will provide an “organism-eye” view of several interactive oceanic regimes in the North Pacific. Twenty target species, including tunas, sharks, pinnipeds, cetaceans, seabirds, and marine turtles, will be monitored with electronic tags. Animal-collected oceanic data will be assimilated into global ocean databases, complement traditional methodologies and be used to help validate nearshore, regional, and basin scale ocean models. As more environmental information is gathered and delivered from the tagged animals, new insights will be obtained about their individual behaviors, as well as how diverse species have separately evolved to forage, reproduce, and survive in the vast pelagic environment. This multi-disciplinary approach will allow a novel merger of biological and physical data to provide a new understanding of the relationship between the movements and behaviors of marine organisms and oceanographic processes in the eastern North Pacific.     

Altering intertidal sediment topography: effects on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning

Sedimentary marine systems are often highly productive and perform important nutrient regeneration functions as they efficiently decompose organic material. In recent years the role of habitat effects and of species composition in ecosystem functioning has become of interest. Estuarine environments are frequently subject to considerable anthropogenic pressures whilst supporting a variety of habitats ranging from well sorted soft muds through biogenically stable sediments to highly mobile coarse sands. There is therefore considerable spatial complexity in habitat type and faunal composition. This study set out to observe the effects of altering the topographical habitat features of an estuarine mudflat on a range of porewater nutrient concentrations (NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, PO₄³⁻ and SiO) collected from four depths (3, 5, 9, and 12 cm) and on faunal composition. Two treatments (Shelled Nets and Net Controls) were used to alter the topography from simple mud to a mussel shell crumble and were compared to un-manipulated Control areas. Sediment granulometry and organic matter content analyses alongside biological traits analysis of the fauna were also conducted.
Differences were observed in porewater nutrient concentrations between the Control and both netted treatments at 5 cm depth only; the species diversity and abundance were also different in the netted treatments compared to the Controls, although no difference between the two manipulated treatments were observed. The changes in faunal composition were attributed solely to the altered topography and the observed nutrient changes were attributed to the faunal alteration rather than the topographical manipulation.     

南极罗斯海表层沉积物GDGTs含量 分布及其环境意义

通过分析罗斯海15个表层沉积物中甘油双烷基甘油四醚(Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers,GDGTs)的含量与分布,探讨了各种GDGTs来源及TEX₈₆指标的环境意义。结果表明:表层沉积物中GDGTs总含量为93.67~2 663.37 ng/g,其中类异戊二烯GDGTs(IsoGDGTs)占90.33%~98.56%,远高于支链GDGTs(BrGDGTs)。类异戊二烯GDGTs与支链GDGTs具有显著的耦合关系(R²=0.88,p<0.01)。沉积物中的IsoGDGTs主要来源于海洋奇古菌,BrGDGTs主要由海洋水体和沉积物中原位细菌所产生。应用TEX^L₈₆公式估算研究区SST,与WOA夏季表层温度呈现较好的线性关系,表明TEX^L₈₆指标在罗斯海具有适用性,可作为重建古海洋温度的替代指标。