综合物探方法在隆起型地热田找矿中的应用

以厦门香山湾地热田勘查成果为例,综合运用可控源音频电磁测深法、视电阻率联合剖面法及视电阻率测深法,寻找与断裂有关的地热水富集地段,并根据异常解释圈定钻孔靶区.结果表明:可控源音频电磁测深法可高效地解译、推测研究区断裂的空间分布特征,分析并确定可能的地热水富集地段;垂直推测断裂走向布设视电阻率联合剖面及视电阻率测深剖面,...     

高密度电阻率法与CSAMT法在江西会昌县坝背地热勘查中的综合探测

地热资源是一种绿色低碳、极具竞争力的可再生能源。江西省会昌县坝背地区断裂构造密集,地热异常广泛发育。为了查明勘查区各断裂构造的产状、规模及深部变化特征,为寻找地热水钻孔布置提供依据,项目组首先在已知温泉位置布置3条高密度试验测线,接着在已知温泉位置以南布置4条高密度测线,然后在高密度电阻率法资料初步解释成果的基础上再施工可控源音频大地电磁测深法（CSAMT）,得出其中两条深大断裂是温泉主要的导水导热构造、断裂深切至基底界面、基底界面起伏明显的结论。同时圈定了4个低阻异常区,其中低阻异常范围最大的区域长约1000 m,宽约240 m,高约200 m,是含水最为有利区域,亦是寻找地热水的直接依据,建议在其正上方布设钻孔进行验证,孔深约800 m,满足深大断裂和基底对低阻区的深度控制。     

航空瞬变电磁法在火山岩型块状硫化物矿区的试验

为推进航空瞬变电磁法在我国浅覆盖区寻找多金属矿的应用,选择在已知火山岩型块状硫化物(VMS)矿区开展航空瞬变电磁法测量试验,结果显示:反演电阻率断面图中低阻异常与勘探剖面探明的矿体十分吻合,反演电阻率剖面400 m处切面和时间常数τ圈定的航电异常与主矿区位置一致。证明航空瞬变电磁法在寻找火山岩型块状硫化物矿床中效果显著,值得在该类多金属找矿工作中推广应用。     

瞬变电磁法在探测煤矿采空区及塌陷区中的应用

利用瞬变电磁法对襄垣煤田采空区及塌陷区进行探测,在已知采空区及非采空区进行了方法有效性试验,发现工区内低阻异常为积水采空区反映。结合已知资料,判断区内可采煤层(3号煤层)采空深度为144～324 m,采空区东侧较浅,西侧较深,与煤层倾向相吻合。在3号煤层埋藏深度260 m处作视电阻率水平切面,并根据各测线异常情况,最终推断区内采空区范围,也初步查明了煤矿附近居民房屋出现裂缝、地面下陷等地质灾害的原因。     

鲁西金伯利岩勘查中电法勘探的应用效果分析

以在已知金伯利岩管上直流电阻率法视电阻率异常和低频电磁法虚分量异常特征分析为例,论证了电法勘探在金伯利岩勘查中的效果,并指出扩大电法勘探应用的有效途径。     

井下高密度电法在矿井防治水的应用——以解决运煤通道底板下沉为例

根据高密度电阻率法的工作原理、装置形式和异常特点,利用井下高密度电法技术对西山煤电运煤通道东曲段底板下沉区域进行探测。探测采用高密度直流电法温纳装置,布置电极总数64路,电极距5m,剖面总长度320m。对采集的数据通过基于圆滑约束最小二乘法反演,获得电阻率成像断面色谱图,结合已知异常地质体的电性特征,对矿井含水层富水性进行评价。解释结果表明运煤通道东曲段底板存在一个低阻异常区,且上下连通,应作为底板水防治的重点区域。该结论已得到钻孔验证。     

高密度电阻率法探测地下人防巷道装置类型选择与异常识别

通过在已知在已揭露的地下人防巷道上方高密度电阻率法中温纳装置、三极装置的试验以及异常特征分析,说明利用地下介质的电阻率差异,采用高密度电阻率法探测地下人防巷道工作时,应选择好装置类型,且要正确地识别其异常标志。     

综合物探法在贵州中部某变质岩区地热勘探中的应用

结合地质、水文地质调查,运用综合物探法在贵州中部变质岩区老坟嘴乡进行地热资源勘探。通过地温测量,确定区域内地温背景值及地温异常分布特征,且与放射性α卡法解释结果相吻合;电阻率法确定区内断裂性质及断层破碎带的分布;瞬变电磁法配合电阻率法进一步查明区内断层性质,确定控制地热水的断层破碎带。根据综合物探法推断结果,成功钻探出地下热水,为在贵州变质岩区地热勘探提供了地质依据。     

高密度电法在江西于都黄麟地区地热勘查中的应用

摘要: 高密度电法具有点距小、数据采集效率高、探测精度高等优点,在地热勘查中得到广泛应用。应用高密度电法在江西于都黄麟地区布设了11条测线,对实测电阻率数据进行反演计算,建立研究区地下二维电阻率模型,直观刻画各剖面在不同深度电阻率变化特征。分析了NE向、NW向、NNE向3组断裂地下延伸及产状变化规律,从而推测出地热水赋存有利位置。解释结果显示:研究区围岩主要呈现相对高阻,断裂发育区域电阻率横向变化明显且纵向有一定延伸,破碎带由于含水异常呈现明显低阻。NE向安远—鹰潭深大断裂与NNE向断裂相互作用带富水性良好,通过布设探采结合井进一步揭示了研究区地热类型为对流型。当设计水位降深50 m时,涌水量可达920.80 m³/d,实测水温44.5 ℃,具有良好的开发利用前景。     

激发极化法在吉林安图刘生店钼矿的应用

为了在吉林东部覆盖较厚地区寻找深部隐伏矿体, 在安图刘生店钼矿勘查中利用中间梯度装置激发极化法扫面, 发现了极化率为1.88% ～4.61%、电阻率为300～500Ω ·m的高极化率低阻异常。异常体上对称四极装置激电测深结果表明: 3勘查线极化体顶面埋深20 ～30 m, 底面埋深150～170 m; 11勘查线极化体顶面埋深为25～65 m, 底面埋深> 200 m。经钻探工程验证, 钼矿体的形态、产状、顶、底板的埋深与异常解译成果基本吻合。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861