安徽省定远县定远盐矿外围石盐(钙芒硝、石膏)矿地质特征及成因分析

安徽省定远县定远盐矿外围石盐(钙芒硝、石膏)行政区划为安徽省定远县,地处江淮丘陵区,通过对该矿地质特征及矿床成因进行分析,认为该矿矿层赋存于古近系定远组中,矿床主要的矿石自然类型为石盐和钙芒硝、泥质石膏,钙芒硝、泥质石膏为共生矿;构造比较简单,成因类型为泻湖相蒸发沉积岩盐类石膏矿床。     

湖北荆门邓家冲石膏矿床地质特征及找矿标志

邓家冲石膏矿床位于江汉盆地西缘石膏成矿带内,属内陆湖相蒸发式沉积石膏矿床.下第三系分水岭组为区内的含膏岩系.矿区内的石膏层可划分为7层,膏层基本呈层状产出.区内石膏可分为纤维状石膏、块状石膏(包括结核状石膏)和粒状石膏三种矿石类型.矿体顶、底板为泥岩、泥质粉砂岩、含膏泥岩及石膏质泥岩.存在分水岭组上、中含膏段是石膏和硬...     

四川省康定市二郎东石膏矿地质特征及成因分析

二郎东石膏矿位于松潘—甘孜造山带→金汤弧型滑脱—推覆带西南端,矿区内出露地层主要为下泥盆统(D_1),中泥盆统(D_2)、下二叠统(P_1)、中三叠统(T_2)及第四系残坡积物(Q~(edl)),石膏矿体赋存于下泥盆统第二段(D_1~2)的白云岩中,矿体总体受二郎东背斜控制的层状-似层状产出,矿床规模已达大型。     

内蒙古鄂托克旗探明我国特大型石膏矿床

近日,鄂托克旗西部石膏矿储量已经探明,高达33.43亿吨,成为我国目前特大型矿床之一。鄂西石膏矿位于鄂托克旗西部及鄂托克前旗北部,包括拿个、苏级、古尔恰克—科贝等3个矿区。其中拿个、苏级两个矿区分布在鄂托克旗境内。鄂西石膏矿南北长约94公里,东西宽10至28公里。埋藏浅、矿层稳定、质量优良、规模巨大是鄂西石膏矿的显著特点。目前,鄂托克旗已对鄂西石膏矿开发做出规划,确定了2个开发区和3个勘查区。依据规划,开发区地段探明和控制的经济基础储量为4.86亿吨,按500万吨生产能力计算,可满足未来50     

浅成低温热液矿床成矿机理与地质特征研究

浅成低温热液型矿床是目前世界上最为重要的矿床类型之一,也是当前国际矿床学界研究的热点之一,是金银等贵金属矿的主要来源,浅层低温热液矿床主要包含高硫化、低硫化以及其他类型的矿床,针对不同类型矿床的地质特征,其成矿机理也体现较为明显差异性,对此还需依照因地制宜的思路来探明成矿机理。     

河南省南召县棉沟石墨矿地质特征与找矿标志研究

棉沟石墨矿区属华北板块南缘构造带,出露地层主要为太古界太华群、中元古界栾川群,构造形迹以断裂为主,岩浆岩受断裂控制,岩石类型主要以基性→中酸性为主,围岩蚀变类型主要有黄铁矿化、硅化、绿泥石化、绢云母化。矿床成因类型为沉积变质矿床,并具有后期热液叠加富集特征,矿区石墨矿赋存于太华群地层中,含矿地层岩性为含石墨混合片麻岩,研究结果为本地区以后同类矿床勘查具有一个的参考。     

内蒙古自治区阿拉善左旗巴彦乌拉山北部岩金矿成矿地质特征及成因初探

巴彦乌拉山北部岩金矿详查区,通过多手段综合找矿,共发现2条矿化带,圈出6条矿(化)体。系统研究了区内矿床成矿地质特征,认为矿床成因为中温热液矿床,含金层位主要为乌拉山群;赋矿围岩为中太古界乌拉山群黑云角闪斜长片麻岩;原岩类型主要为火山岩建造的中—高级变质岩。     

河南省罗山县陡坡花岗斑岩型钼矿床地质特征及成因探讨

陡坡钼矿床是一新发现的中型钼矿床,该矿床赋存于早白垩世灵山超单元岩体与围岩的接触带内侧,矿化类型主要为细脉浸染状。矿床中金属矿物主要为黄铜矿、辉钼矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铁矿、磁铁矿、赤铁矿,次为磁黄铁矿、斑铜矿等。灵山超单元花岗岩岩石类型属高硅富碱钙碱性(偏碱性)系列,SiO2含量72～77%,K2O+Na2O总量大于7.9%,K2O/Na2O大于1。矿床的围岩蚀变叠加组合主要为硅化——钾长石化——黄铁矿化组合、硅化——绿泥石化——黄铁矿化组合。该矿床属中高温热液斑岩型钼矿床,结合岩浆岩特征,成矿作用于与岩体关系密切,并可能受幔源岩浆混合作用的影响。     

新疆松湖铁矿地质特征与成矿期次划分

新疆松湖铁矿床位于伊犁地块东北部,矿体赋存于下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山碎屑岩中．目前共圈定5个矿体,L1、L2出露,IJ3、L4、L5矿体隐伏,其中L1规模最大,也是该矿床主要矿体．矿床主要矿石矿物为磁铁矿,次为赤铁矿、黄铁矿和褐铁矿．矿石构造类型主要为浸染状、块状、角砾状和条带状构造．蚀变类型主要有绿帘石化、绿泥石化、阳起石化和钾长石化．矿床形成经历了隐爆一矿浆成矿期和热液成矿期2个阶段．该矿床成因类型属于受热液作用交代改造的火山岩型铁矿．     

察尔汗盐湖矿物组合特征及其成因指示

察尔汗盐湖赋存有硫酸镁亚型和氯化物型两种水化学类型,沉积了中国最大的液体钾镁盐矿床。为解释察尔汗盐湖卤水矿床成因,拟在别勒滩、达布逊、察尔汗和霍布逊区段选择4个剖面,剖面深度在0~7 m之间,属于全新统上含盐组的上部盐层,每隔10cm进行采样,运用XRD半定量方法分析矿物组合特征。结果表明,整个湖区矿物组合由石盐、石膏、水氯镁石和碳酸盐组成,其平均含量分别为70%、4.7%、3.4%和1%;显示其矿物组合特征简单,盐层主要沉积石盐而贫石膏和碳酸盐矿物。同时,研究发现各区段石膏(硫酸盐矿物)平均含量自西向东明显下降,含镁矿物平均含量自西南向东北明显下降。结合察尔汗盐湖区卤水化学组成和水化学类型的分带,基本符合盐湖北部和东北部卤水富Ca~(2+),贫Mg~(2+)和SO_4~(2-)的沉积事实,进一步说明盐湖北部和东北部卤水和盐类沉积受具有氯化物型盐泉水的补给影响,为察尔汗盐湖混合掺杂成因提供了一定的矿物学证据。     

Comparative assessment of three approaches for deriving stream power plots along long profiles in the upper Hunter River catchment, New South Wales, Australia

The downstream distribution of stream power is derived and analysed for 11 different streams in the upper Hunter River catchment, Australia. Stream long profiles were produced in a GIS environment using DEM data and catchment area–discharge analysis. These profiles were analysed using three approaches, namely long profile smoothing, curve fitting and a theoretical model. The methodology for deriving stream power profiles using these three approaches is discussed. The long profile smoothing method provides a good approximation of the subcatchment variability in stream power trends. The curve fitting method shows that higher-order exponential curves provide a better fit for long profile data. For the streams of the upper Hunter River catchment, second-order exponential curves fit well with significantly less error. The curve fitting method predicts a bimodal (upstream and midstream) distribution of stream power, which is a deviation from our earlier understanding of a single midstream peak. The theoretical approach provides a mathematical expression of the observed bimodal stream power distribution. The bimodal distribution emphasises the erosion potential of headwater reaches. The resultant stream power distribution provides a catchment-scale characterisation of the distribution of available energy in any given system. Using these approaches, the variability of stream power in headwater reaches is explained by discharge variability, while variability in midstream and downstream reaches is related to high variability in channel gradient.     

乡村民宿“家”的生产过程与权力博弈:广东惠州上良村案例

援引“家”的地理学相关理论,采用观察法和半结构化访谈的质性研究方法,探究上良村乡村民宿“家”的生产过程与不同主体之间的权力博弈。研究发现:① 上良乡村民宿“家”的生产是当地政府、旅游企业、村委及村民多方利益主体协商的结果。政府、企业与村民对“家”的不同理解使之产生不同的生产逻辑,成为民宿“家”的生产过程中权力博弈的直接原因。② 在“商业性家”的营造过程中,村民“临时的家”中物质和精神的匮乏不仅推进了“商业性家”的营建,也突显了“理想与现实,传统与商业”之间的矛盾冲突。③ 在“家”的重构过程中,政府、旅游企业与村民在“家”的物质景观、情感意义、边界意义及社会关系4个维度中展演了多元复杂的权力博弈过程。     

GERMAN GREAT–POWER RELATIONS IN THE PAGES OF SIMPLICISSIMUS, 1896–1914*

ABSTRACT. Wilhelmine Germany had a powerful economy and, after 1898, began construction of a fleet to challenge Great Britain's global power. This article analyses Germany's cultural “will to power” in the period through the eyes of the avant‐garde, Munich‐published weekly magazine Simplicissimus as it examined the series of security crises between 1896 and the outbreak of war in 1914. The magazine was no fan of Wilhelmine militarism, its principal artist having been jailed for criticism of the kaiser, but it showed a deep support for Germany's rise to power on moral grounds. Many illustrations dealt with global power projection through the navy and the need for a suitable security partner within Europe. Its illustrators depicted Great Britain as an immoral world power only Germany might check and France as its preferred security partner to keep Europe at peace.     

Getting Personal: Reflexivity,Positionality, and Feminist Research*

Feminist and poststructural challenges to objectivist social science demand greater reflection by the researcher with the aim of producing more inclusive methods sensitive to the power relations in fieldwork. Following a discussion of contrasting approaches to these power relations, I present a reflexive examination of a research project on sexual identities. My reflections highlight some of the key ethical questions that face researchers conducting fieldwork, especially with regard to the relationship between the researcher and those being researched. My discussion of these dilemmas reflect the situated and partial nature of our understanding of “others.” I argue that the researcher's positionality and biography directly affect fieldwork and that fieldwork is a dialogical process which is structured by the researcher and the participants.     

权力、地缘环境与地缘位势评价——以中日钓鱼岛之争为例

权力是国际政治的一个永恒话题,然而,国际关系学对权力的研究缺乏空间维度。考虑空间距离、地缘环境（由地理环境、地缘关系和地缘结构3部分组成）等对权力的空间制约,权力在空间的不均衡分布就是地缘位势。据此理解,文章从权力的4个来源,即军事实力、经济实力、软实力和不平等相互依赖,并结合地理衰减原理构建了地缘位势评价方法。以中日钓鱼岛之争为例,定量评价了中日两国在钓鱼岛的地缘位势,结果表明：随着中国崛起,整体经济实力、军事实力和中日之间不平等相互依赖关系的转变,至2010年中国在钓鱼岛的地缘位势已经全面超越日本。这一评价结果既可以回应国人在钓鱼岛问题上的不同声音,同时也阐释了自2012年以来中国在钓鱼岛问题上积极的处理方式。     

Modern diatom, cladocera, chironomid, and chrysophyte cyst assemblages as quantitative indicators for the reconstruction of past environmental conditions in the Alps. I. Climate

Diatom, chrysophyte cyst, benthic cladocera, planktonic cladocera, and chironomid assemblages were studied in the surface sediments of 68 small lakes along an altitudinal gradient from 300 to 2350 m in Switzerland. In addition, 43 environmental variables relating to the physical limnology, geography, catchment characteristics, climate, and water chemistry were recorded or measured for each lake. The explanatory power of each of these predictor variables for the different biological data-sets was estimated by a series of canonical correspondence analyses (CCA) and the statistical significance of each model was assessed by Monte Carlo permutation tests. A minimal set of environmental variables was found for each biological data-set by a forward-selection procedure within CCA. The unique, independent explanatory power of each set of environmental variables was estimated by a series of CCAs and partial CCAs. Inference models or transfer functions for mean summer (June, July, August) air temperature were developed for each biological data-set using weighted-averaging partial least squares or partial least squares. The final transfer functions, after data screening, have root mean squared errors of prediction, as assessed by leave-one-out cross-validation, of 1.37 °C (chironomids), 1.60 °C (benthic cladocera), 1.62 °C (diatoms), 1.77 °C (planktonic cladocera), and 2.23 °C (chrysophyte cysts).     

Witches, children and Kiva-the-research-dog: striking problems encountered in the field

This paper examines how power, privilege and vulnerability can surface in unexpected ways during fieldwork. Drawing from my experiences working with indigenous women and children who beg and sell on the streets of Ecuador, I suggest that researchers do not always hold as much power as we might assume. By positioning myself within stories about witches and children, I discuss how multiple research identities can shift power dynamics in unsettling and unexpected ways. In this paper, I also reflect upon a particularly unorthodox research method: using my dog as a research assistant. My dog inadvertently became instrumental in providing access to children's life stories; however, her presence also highlighted some of the dramatic incongruities between their life experiences and my own.     

北上广深城市人口预测及其资源配置

人口数量持续增长是困扰超大型城市发展的重要因素,适度人口为研究人口增长下的城市资源合理分配提供了较好的思路.本文以适度人口为切人点,利用可能—满意度模型测算北京、上海、广州和深圳4座超大型城市2035年适度人口规模,同时利用灰色BP神经网络模型预测各市2035年常住人口规模,并基于适度人口规模测算和常住人口规模预测结果...     

The methodology of quantification of volcanic explosions from broad-band seismic signals and its application to the 2004–2005 explosions at Volcán de Colima, Mexico

A methodology is proposed for the quantification of volcanic explosions based on three parameters derived from broad-band seismic signals: the counter force of the eruption F , the power of the explosion P and the duration of the upward movement of the gas slug in the conduit to the free surface of magma, D . This methodology was applied to the 2004–2005 sequence of explosions at Volcán de Colima, Mexico. The broad-band records of more than 100 explosive events were obtained at a distance of 4 km from the crater. We determined the counter force of the eruption by modelling the low-frequency impulse of the seismic records of 66 volcanic explosions and estimated the power of 116 explosions from the spectra of the high-frequency impulse. The power of Colima explosions spans five orders of magnitude; the counter force spans four orders of magnitude. We show that the power of a volcanic explosion is proportional to the counter force of the eruption. These parameters may be used for the elaboration of a scale of volcanic explosions.