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冲绳海槽玄武岩中单斜辉石的特征及其意义 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
冲绳海槽海底玄武岩中存在着三种不同世代的单斜辉石,即斑晶,微晶和基质辉石,它们的平均粒径分别约为400μm,30μm和5μm。斑晶辉石在电子探针下可见到明显的核部与边部之分;微晶辉石无明显的环带构造;基质辉石粒径细小但数量较大。这三个世代的辉石在成分上差异较为明显,从斑晶辉石的核部→边部和微晶辉石→基质辉石,成分从富铁向富镁,钙方向演化,这与封闭体系的辉石成分演化趋势正好相反,辉石的形态和成分特征反映出该玄武岩浆存在岩浆混合的特征,它们也可反演该地幔岩浆的活动过程;源自上地幔的拉斑玄武岩浆,在从源区向浅部岩浆房上升,运移过程中,受到携带相对富铁单斜辉石的较酸性岩浆的注入,混合;在浅部岩浆房中,混合岩浆结晶形成斑晶的边部和微晶辉石;基质辉石则是岩浆喷出洋底后淬冷结晶的结果,冲 槽玄武岩中三个世代的单斜辉石较好的完整记录了地幔岩浆后系列活动过程。 相似文献
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岩浆流体对冲绳海槽海底成矿热水系统的可能贡献 总被引:20,自引:1,他引:20
海底火山活动区成矿热液流体来源长期存在争议,尽管海水来源说更为流行,但本文提供的下列证据表明,来自长曲质岩浆的流体对冲绳海槽现代活动热水成矿系统有较大贡献:(1)冲绳海槽JADE热水区出现异常高热流,其下方1 ̄2km处存在浅位长英质岩浆房;(2)CO2、烃类、H2等气体在热水成矿体系中极度富集甚至形成独立气流,与热水流体共存。气体的碳、氦同位素资料表明其来自长英质岩浆本系;(3)JADE成矿热水系 相似文献
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冲绳海槽海底沉积物汞异常──现代海底热水效应的“指示剂” 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
基于60余种化学元素丰度的比较,发现冲绳海槽海底存在汞异常,论证了“过剩汞”系源自海底热水,指出汞异常可作为现代海底热水效应的一个地球化学指示剂。 相似文献
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In order to understand the origin of metal spherical minerals in the Okinawa Trough sediments, the authors have microscopically examined 215 samples (161 surface and 54 core samples) from 150 stations scattered in the shallow-sea continental shelf and trough areas,on the basis of the extensive studies of detrital minerals in the East China Sea continental shelf sediments. It is found that no metal spherical minerals occur either in surface or in core samples from sediments in the vast shallow-sea continental area, with an occurrence probability of zero, while in the narrow trough area the occurrence probability is 43% or more. And their distribution, either in. lateral or in vertical direction, shows an obvious regional speciality. This regional speciality is related to the assemblage type in which volcanoclastic minerals are predominant in the Okinawa Trough sediments, i.e., the occurrence probability of metal spherical minerals is proportional to the contents of pyroxene of volcanic origin and volcanic glass. A few metal spherical minerals are found enclosed within the volcanic glass. These facts strongly.indicate that metal spherical minerals in the Okinawa Trough sediments are of terrestrial rather than cosmic origin. 相似文献
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选取东海陆架至冲绳海槽槽底平原的110个表层沉积样品,通过磁化率、等温剩磁、非磁滞剩磁和饱和等温剩磁等多种磁学参数测量试验手段,分析探讨了沉积物磁性与物质来源及环境的内在联系,指出不同沉积环境中,各磁性参数表现出不同的磁性特征。冲绳海槽东槽底平原沉积物因含有较多的火山物质,磁学特征与其它沉积环境有明显差异,各磁性参数特征值明显较强。CaCO3含量与磁性参数没有明显的相关性,但在高含量区可能对沉积物磁性矿物的含量具有稀释作用,使沉积物表现出相对减弱的磁性特征。 相似文献
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冲绳海槽南部沉积层序的粒度特征 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
对取自冲绳海槽南部的A2 3孔经前处理后的沉积物样品进行了粒度测试,探讨了陆源沉积层序的粒度特征。沉积物平均粒径、分选系数、偏态、峰态等粒度参数的变化显示出A2 3孔的沉积层序以 4 0 0cm为界可分为上、下两段,下段各参数稳定,代表了比较稳定的水动力条件的沉积环境;上段则波动较大,小规模浊流沉积频繁发育,暗示了不稳定的沉积环境。浊流层内粗粒与细粒组分含量及粒度分布的变化具有明显的规律性。通过分析A2 3孔陆源沉积层序的各沉积参数特征,认为冲绳海槽南部的沉积环境和动力在时间尺度上有较大的变化,东海陆架物质向南部海槽的输运可能是以峡谷为通道的重力作用引起的床底沉积作用为主。另外,对陆源碎屑和全样粒度结果的对比,显示了前处理方法对于海洋沉积物粒度分析的重要性. 相似文献
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冲绳海槽中段西陆坡下缘天然气水合物存在的可能性分析 总被引:28,自引:0,他引:28
海洋中的天然气水合物主要发育在有机质供应充分、沉积速率快、热流值较高、水深大于300m的大陆斜坡和活动边缘的增生楔发育区;沉积物类型主要以泥质砂岩、砂质泥岩和浊积岩为主。似海底反射层(BSR)和极性反转是识别天然气水合物层的关键标志。冲绳海槽中段西陆坡下缘水深大于1000m;沉积物类型主要为粉砂质泥和泥质粉砂,在部分层位见浊积层。与东海陆架相比,西陆坡下缘的有机质含量、沉积速率的热流值都较高,其范围分别为0.75%~1.25%、10~40cm/ka和70~437mw/m2;单道地震剖面具有明显的似海底反射层(BSR)和极性反转特征,因此,推断冲绳海槽中段西陆坡下缘可能存在天然气水合物层。 相似文献
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冲绳海槽的晚第四纪浊流沉积 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
张明书 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1988,(1)
冲绳海槽晚第四纪的浊流沉积发育在海底斜坡带和坡折处静水环境,属阵发性纵向浊流。物质来源于海槽中心斜坡区的滑塌沉积物、岛坡、陆坡和台湾宜兰浇滩的碎屑沉积物。受控于海底地形、滞流环境和构造岩浆活动以及伴生的浅源地震。 冲绳海槽海底表层浊流沉积物,形成在晚更新世末次冰期最盛期、末次冰期末和冰后期三个阶段,以末次冰期最盛期阵发频繁,浊积物最发育,与气候寒冷期有一定的相关性。 相似文献
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On the basis of the multi.channel seismic data and the other data, using 2DMove software, the tectonic evolution in three seismic profiles was restored since Pliocene. The tectonic restoration results show that: (1) the initial active center lay in the west slope and then was transferred to east and south via trough center during the evolution process; (2) several main normal faults controlled the evolution of the southern Okinawa Trough; (3) since Late Pliocene, the southern Okinawa Trough has experienced two spreading stages. The early is depression in Early-Middle Pleistocene and the late is back-arc spreading in Late Pleistocene and Holocene, which is in primary oceanic crust spreading stage. 相似文献
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冲绳海槽中部热液活动区构造地球物理特征分析 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
对冲绳海槽中部南奄西、伊平屋、伊士名三个现代海底热液活动区的地形、热流分布、地震、地磁场特征进行了初步研究。结果表明,海槽中部的热液活动区都集中于海槽的中央地堑中,或位于火山口的侧坡上,或位于地堑中山脊的侧坡上,热流值高而变化大,地震事件十分上频繁,地磁场曲线变化较大。这一系列特征说明现代海底热液活动区和目前的构造活动带吻合,热液活动和岩浆作用或浅成岩浆房密切相关。板块俯冲在海槽下诱生地幔物质上涌,上涌的地幔物质所携带的热量为热液活动提供了动力源,在海槽拉张过程中形成的断裂为热液流体提供了运移通道. 相似文献
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On the basis of the multi-channel seismic data and the other data, using 2DMove software, the tectonic evolution in three seismic profiles was restored since Pliocene. The tectonic restoration results show that: (1) the initial active center lay in the west slope and then was transferred to east and south via trough center during the evolution process; (2) several main normal faults controlled the evolution of the southern Okinawa Trough; (3) since Late Pliocene, the southern Okinawa Trough has experienced two spreading stages. The early is depression in Early-Middle Pleistocene and the late is back-arc spreading in Late Pleistocene and Holocene, which is in primary oceanic crust spreading stage. 相似文献
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冲绳海槽以其特有的构造地质环境吸引着众多地质学者的关注。针对冲绳海槽地区岩浆作用过程的研究是其中的核心内容之一。本文综述了近年来冲绳海槽岩浆源区物质特征、岩浆形成演化过程及其控制机制等方面研究取得的主要成果,并在此基础上指出了目前冲绳海槽岩浆活动研究工作中存在的科学问题,提出利用铀系不平衡方法研究冲绳海槽岩浆活动的新思路,同时探讨了今后一段时间内的研究方向应该集中在以下四个方面: ①菲律宾板块俯冲的脱水过程对冲绳海槽岩浆活动的作用;②俯冲过程中深海沉积物对冲绳海槽岩浆的贡献;③冲绳海槽岩浆熔融的控制因素;④冲绳海槽火山活动和海底热液活动的成因关系。 相似文献
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ZHANG Yaoyao CHU Fengyou LI Zhenggang DONG Yanhui LONG Jiangping WANG Hao ZHU Jihao LIU Jiqiang 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(1):126-140
The Okinawa Trough is characterized by enrichment of Ag in hydrothermal precipitates; however, the distribution of this enrichment remains poorly constrained. This study presents the results of a field-emission scanning electron microscopy and electron-microprobe analysis based mineralogical and geochemical investigation of the spatial distribution of Ag within Ag-rich sulfide samples from the Okinawa Trough. The tetrahedrite, covellite, and galena in these samples contain high concentrations of... 相似文献
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ZHANG Qiling HOU Zengqian TANG ShaohuaInstitute of Mineral Deposits Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Baiwanzhuang Ro Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2001,75(2):196-203
A preliminary organic geochemical study shows that the sulphide ores from the hydrothermal deposit of the Okinawa Trough are generally low in the total organic carbon and extremely low in the soluble organic matter. In the aliphatic hydrocarbon fraction, the n-alkanes range from C15 to C35, with usual maxima in the middle n-C20 region and strong odd-carbon number predominance when n > C25 (CPI = 1.2). The dominant analog in the aromatic fraction is phenanthrene, a polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon, which provides evidence for hydrothermal activity. The organic matter derived mainly from marine planktonic and terrigenous vascular plants is entrapped in a high-temperature regime such as an active chimney and cooled quickly in the sulphide ores on the seafloor. Organic matter and sulphides are definitely products of a high-temperature alteration. The biomarker compounds indicate that the ores are formed under low Eh and pH conditions-a reducing to anoxic environment, which is favourable for sulphates to be 相似文献
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Southern Okinawa Trough represents an early stage of back-arc rifting and is characterized by normal faulting and microearthquakes. Earthquake distribution and deep structure of fault was investigated to clarify active rifting in the southern Okinawa Trough, where two parallel grabens are located. A network of ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs) that displayed the hypocenters of 105 earthquakes were observed for a period of 4 days in southern-graben (SG). Most of the microearthquakes occurred in a cluster about 7 km wide, which on a cross-section striking N45°E dips 48° to the southwest. Relocated hypocenters, which are recorded by a local seismic network, show scattered distribution around the southern-graben. There are no remarkable surface faults in the southern-graben. On the other hand, the recalculation of hypocenter locations of 1996 earthquakes swarm recorded by a local seismic network suggests that the swarm is associated with normal faulting on the southern side of northern-graben (NG). Thus, the undeveloped southern-graben is located to the south of the developed northern-graben. Southward migration of rifting, which may be caused by migration of volcanism, could thus be occurring in the southern Okinawa Trough. The extension rate computed for the southern Okinawa Trough from the fault model of the northern-graben is 4.6 cm/year, which is 59–102% of the extension rate (GPS measurements). This result indicates that the majority of extensional deformation is concentrated within the center of the northern-graben in the Okinawa Trough. 相似文献
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冲绳海槽处于东海与西太平洋边缘的交界处,不仅对全球气候变化响应敏感,其环境变化也影响着东亚边缘海,乃至东亚大陆的环境,是研究古海洋环境的理想区域。该区域的古海洋环境研究多集中于末次冰盛期以来,因此本文以冲绳海槽为主体,总结了该区域末次冰盛期以来古海洋环境变化的相关研究,主要包括3个方面:古海平面、温度和盐度等;沉积物来源及其演化;黑潮及其对海洋环境的影响。该区域末次冰盛期以来的环境变化可大致分为,主要由海平面控制为主的末次冰盛期-早全新世和由黑潮、季风等因素控制的早全新世-现代两个主要的阶段。沉积物主要来自古黄河、长江、日本、台湾岛以及火山喷发物质等,但不同区域、不同时间的物质来源存在差异。另外,黑潮是该区域最主要的海流,其路径和强度末次冰盛期以来经历多次变化,并对其他海洋环境要素产生重大的影响。综合上述研究,提出未来应该系统建立冲绳海槽海洋环境演化历史、加强黑潮对周边流系的影响和陆源物质源-汇过程的系统研究。
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