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砂土自由场地震响应的离心机试验研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
离心机模型试验是研究岩土地震工程问题的有效手段。本文使用层状剪切箱,通过干落法制备了均匀的砂土模型,进行了离心机振动试验;观测了振动过程中孔隙水压力的发展,土体的加速度响应、侧向变形以及竖向沉降。结果表明,土体的运动和变形与孔隙水压力的发展密切相关,但离心机中的试验现象和现场观测的现象存在显著区别。研究结果增强了对振动过程中土-水之间相互作用机理的理解,同时为自由场地震响应分析方法的验证提供了基础数据。 相似文献
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Identification and imaging of soil and soil-pile deformation in the presence of liquefaction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. Zeghal P. V. Kallou C. Oskay T. Abdoun M. K. Sharp 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2006,5(2):171-182
1 Introduction Soil and soil-structure systems exhibit complex response patterns during earthquake-induced liquefaction. These patterns depend on geotechnical properties, in-situ stress conditions and interaction with subsurface structural elements. Seismic records of full- scale systems during case histories provide a valuable source of information on the associated response mechanisms. However, the response of these systems is commonly monitored at sparsely distributed locations only, mostly… 相似文献
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关于砂土液化判别的若干意见 总被引:28,自引:4,他引:28
简要回顾了我国抗震规范中液化判别方法的发展历史,并对我国若干规范中的液化初步判别的条文进行了比较,提出了修改意见;对我国有代表性的几种液化判别方法及基于Seed简化方法修正的美国NCEER法进行了评述和综合对比,指出了我国现行若干规范中有关液化判别规定方面的错误;此外,还将GB50011-2001《建筑抗震设计规范》液化判别公式转变为类似于NCEER法的表达式,拓宽了该规范方法的应用范围。最后,结合某长江大桥工程的地基液化判别工作,探讨了深层土液化判别的可能性,结果表明,本文建议的方法是可行的。 相似文献
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通过分别开展包裹碎石桩加固、碎石桩加固以及未加固的饱和砂土液化振动台试验,对比分析不同加固类型下的抗液化性能,重点剖析包裹碎石桩加固的砂土液化机理。试验表明:振动加载过程中,包裹碎石桩始终保持桩体的完整性与良好的排水性能且其加固模型地基的总沉降量相较于未加固模型地基减少了50%,相较于碎石桩加固模型地基减少了31.8%。包裹碎石桩加固模型排出水量较未加固模型地基提高了33.3%,较碎石桩加固模型地基提高了16.6%;包裹碎石桩加固模型地基的超静孔压值下降显著且地基下层砂土出现未液化的现象;并进一步发现包裹碎石桩的排水加固作用沿土层竖向深度呈递增趋势。因此,可以发现包裹碎石桩加固砂土液化的抗震性能优于碎石桩。 相似文献
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This paper presents a procedure to perform the risk analysis for ground failure by liquefaction. The first part of this study describes the differential equation of a smooth hysteretic model to characterize the behavior of the soil under random loading. The parameters of the proposed model to represent the experimental relationship are discussed. The second part of this study is to develop a method to calculate the probability that a specified volume of soil will liquefy at a given depth in the deposit. The liquefaction is defined as the result of cumulative damage caused by seismic loading. The fatigue life of soil can be determined on the basis of the N---S relationship and Miner's cumulative damage law. The rain-flow method is used to count the number of cycles of stress response of the soil deposit. Finally, the probability of liquefaction is obtained by integration over all the possible ground motion and the fragility curves of liquefaction potential. The sensitivity of the reliability against liquefaction to soil system parameters is also examined. 相似文献
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除饱和砂土液化外,饱和粉土地震液化问题也是岩土地震工程中一个重要的研究课题。饱和粉土地基的地震液化及变形可以采用多种地基加固方法防治,碎石桩技术是常用方法之一。碎石桩复合地基的抗液化效应,主要是增加桩周土体的密度、利于桩体的排水以及由桩体分担地震水平剪应力(桩体减震作用)。但由于粉土的土质特性,粉土-碎石桩复合地基的抗液化特性与砂土有着明显的差异。本文结合目前国内外碎石桩复合地基抗液化研究的最新进展,对粉土-碎石桩的密实、排水减压和减震作用做了较详细的评述,最后提出了关于碎石柱复合地基抗液化特性需要进一步研究的问题。 相似文献
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A non‐parametric statistical method of tracking rapidly changing dynamical systems is introduced. The method implements the non‐linear wavelet thresholding estimator to estimate the evolutionary transfer function of the system. The consistency and optimality of the resulting estimate of our method on rapidly changing systems are stated, while no linear estimator can achieve the same optimality. Two examples of real data are studied using this non‐parametric method, including two vertical seismic array case studies and a series of seismic slope experiments. The analysis results are consistent with previous research for the vertical seismic array data. Moreover, our estimate is superior to those from previous research in the sense that our estimate is neither over‐smoothed nor under‐smoothed. The ana‐ lysis results are also consistent with the experimental observations for the seismic slope experimental data. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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目前对地下结构液化破坏的研究尚不完善,很有必要对地铁隧道等地下结构可液化土层的液化势进行分析。本文以太原地铁隧道液化破坏为研究对象,应用Tokimatsu和Yoshimi,Seed,Japan Road Associate和中国建规4种方法,分析其抗液化性,评价场地的整体液化风险;依据振动液化动剪应力比、抗液化安全系数、标贯击数与体应变的关系评价盾构隧道的液化沉降变形。在粉质砂土和黏质粉土盾构隧道仰拱基底二次灌浆抗液化的基础上,建议太原地铁可液化砂土地层采用水泥基悬液二次灌浆加固处理地基,以提高其抗液化能力,减小液化沉降变形。 相似文献
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为研究1920年海原地震中石碑塬地区液化滑移灾害的形成机制、滑移特征及滑移距离,对石碑塬液化滑移区进行钻孔勘探、取样以及探槽开挖。分别对钻孔及所取试样进行剪切波速测试及颗粒分析、室内动三轴试验,得出石碑塬液化滑移区地层分布情况、震时液化土体层位以及不同地震烈度条件下砂质黄土层的液化情况。综合分析钻孔勘探、颗粒分析、动三轴试验结果,揭示出海原地震中石碑塬黄土地层液化滑移灾害的形成机制:砂质黄土层液化后在自重应力以及地震力的共同作用下"托浮"第一古土壤层以及上部"粉尘化"的非饱和黄土层沿缓斜坡运动,并利用液化滑移地层滑距公式对滑移距离进行估算,得到结果为223.35 m,与实际情况较为相符。研究结果可为黄土地层液化滑移灾害的预防提供一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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Physical modeling and visualization of soil liquefaction under high confining stress 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lenart González 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2005,4(1):47-57
The mechanisms of seismically-induced liquefaction of granular soils under high confining stresses are still not fully understood. Evaluation of these mechanisms is generally based on extrapolation of observed behavior at shallow depths. Three centrifuge model tests were conducted at RPI‘s experimental facility to investigate the effects of confining stresses on the dynamic response of a deep horizontal deposit of saturated sand. Liquefaction was observed at high confining stresses in each of the tests. A system identification procedure was used to estimate the associated shear strain and stress time histories. These histories revealed a response marked by shear strength degradation and dilative patterns. The recorded accelerations and pore pressures were employed to generate visual animations of the models. These visualizations revealed a liquefaction front traveling downward and leading to large shear strains and isolation of upper soil layers. 相似文献
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不同抗震设计规范的砂土液化判别方法或国内外其他有代表性的液化判别方法所采用的地震动参数和土性指标及其埋藏条件是不同的,因而采用这些方法对同一工程场地进行液化势预测时其评价结果通常有一些差异,甚至会得到相反的结论。为了给重大工程建设提供较为合理、可信的地基液化势预测结果,采用多种液化判别方法进行场地液化势的综合评价是比较客观的,也是必要的。本文结合某长江大桥桥基工程,采用建筑抗震设计规范的砂土液化判别方法、国内外有代表性的液化判别方法、有限元数值分析法等多种方法逐一对该工程场地砂性土层进行液化判别,并结合室内动三轴液化试验结果,对主桥墩不考虑冲刷条件和考虑一般冲刷深度5m条件时的砂性土层进行了液化势的综合评价,并将各土层的液化势分为液化、可能液化和不液化3个等级,得到了较为合理可靠的判别结果。 相似文献
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