东帕米尔高原喀拉库勒湖的成因及其年代

喀拉库勒湖位于东帕米尔高原的康西瓦河流域.研究区的地质构造资料显示,断层活动形成的慕士塔格-公格尔山之间的断层谷是喀拉库勒湖形成的基础.对本区的地貌考察得知,源自慕士塔格峰东坡和公格尔山西坡的古冰流曾数次占据整个河源区,形成规模较大的山麓冰川.现存的喀拉库勒湖为一冰碛堰塞湖,其形成时间与最后一次古冰流填充河源区,阻塞慕士塔格峰西北侧自西南向东北汇入康西瓦河的阔克萨依克河水流的时间相一致.应用OSL测年技术对采自喀拉库勒湖外围冰碛丘陵中的砂质透镜体进行定年,获其年代范围为(26.8±1.3)~(41.7±4.4)ka.结合本区已有的ESR年代学资料(37.8±3.6)~(48.2±4.6)ka、邻近区域的古气候记录以及我国西部第四纪冰川演化序列综合分析可以得出,喀拉库勒湖主要形成于末次冰期中冰阶,时间上可对应于MIS3中期.     

新疆东昆仑山早二叠世四射珊瑚新资料

新疆东昆仑山阿其克库勒地区下二叠统下部碧云山组,上部喀尔瓦组,两组均含珊瑚、(竹蜓)及腕足化石.对其中的四射珊瑚化石进行了描述.研究结果,该区早二叠世的珊瑚动物群属暖水型的Iranophyllum动物群.推测碧云山组相当栖霞组,喀尔瓦组相当茅口组.     

喀喇昆仑山龙山组之新认识

中侏罗世龙山组广泛出露喀喇昆仑山一带的麻扎-康西瓦断裂以南地区以及阿克塔河、拖车湖、神仙湾、岔路口、甜水海等地,其界定和时代归属历来争议颇大。2012~2014年,神仙湾地区1∶5万区调,根据前人资料,结合1∶25万区调成果经综合分析,提出了新的认识:按中国地层指南要求把龙山组升级为群,对其下部砂砾岩层位新建阿克塔河组,上部灰岩层位新建岔路口组,完善了岩石地层序列;对该时期地质演化历史,以及提高区域成矿规律研究和地质找矿具有重大意义。     

积极开展城市1:5万区调工作

1983年全国1:5万区调工作会议明确指出:“随着我国经济体制改革的推进,中心城市在经济建设及组织城乡生产和流通方面的作用将日益增大。查清城市及其周围地区的地质矿产、水文工程地质及环境、灾害地质等基本情况,对于以城市为中心的经济发展将有重要的促进作用。因此我们要有重点有步骤地积极安排城市地区的1:5万区调工作,首先要求完成京、津、沪和各省内中心城市及其周围地区的1:5万区调工作。”从此,1:5万区调     

内蒙古温都尔庙地区首次识别出古生代蛇绿混杂岩

正研究区位于内蒙古苏尼特右旗温都尔庙地区(图1),是古生代存在于西伯利亚板块与华北板块之间的古亚洲洋闭合之后形成的索伦山-西拉木伦对接带的重要组成部分(Zhang et al.,2014;潘桂棠等,2016)。本文是在1∶5万区调工作的基础上~(1),应用洋板块地质学(OPG)理论及造山带填图方法,     

一九八一年上半年区调工作取得可喜成果

我国各省、市、自治区地质局今年继续有计划地开展区域地质调查工作,并已取得可喜成果。在1:100万编测(西藏日喀则、新疆南部)、1:20万区调(四川、黑龙江、新疆、宁夏、云南、内蒙、青海、吉林等)、1:20万区调图幅的修测(辽宁、湖北、广东、山东、新疆等省区)、1:20万区调成果总结和公开出版(中南、华东、华北各省区及东北、西北、西南部分省区)、1:5万区域地质矿产调查(全国大多数省市区)等方面,均有较大进展。     

部分省(自治区)区调图幅验收情况

1985年12月,内蒙古地矿局在白颜花验收渣尔泰山地区12个图幅的1:5万区调报告。测区总面积为2000km~2。通过工作,查明了渣尔泰群底界不整合于太古界乌拉山群之上;新发现矿(化)点21处。 1985年12月,内蒙古地矿局在白颜花验收上护林、胡列也吐等6个1:20万区调图幅,总面积为20348.63km~2。 1985年12月江西地矿局验收了赣西地调大队区调一队承测的新街、泗溪、上高、南港等四幅1:5万区调最终成果。评审认为取得了明显的地质找矿效果。如:确立了石炭-二叠系间的过渡层,划分出独立的填图单位;提出了区内晚古生代综合性沉积模式;对区内逆冲断层和推覆构造作了较系统的调查     

新疆北山黑山口东南1:20万区调空白区发现(竹蜓)科化石

新疆北山地区由于邻近罗布泊,自然环境异常恶劣,地质调查研究程度相对较低,有些地层划分和时代确定的依据还显不足;新一轮国土资源调查工作的开展使得笔者有机会对该地区的地质问题重新认识,2002年我们在黑山口东南(N:40°35';E:92°22')1:20万区调空白区前人划分的石炭纪灰岩中新发现了丰富的(竹蜓)科化石(照片).     

地矿部正加紧遥感技术地质应用成果的推广

为了推广地矿部“七五”两个攻关课题16-01和16-02项目中有关1:5万区调填图新方法和遥感技术的新成果,加快1:5万区调填图速度,地矿部于1991年9月在贵阳市举办了“全国1:5万区调填图遥感技术培训班”,并在培训班的基础上,于9月23～25日召开了全国1:5万区调遥感技术经验交流会。中国地质大学(武汉)地质系教师与地矿部航空物探遥感中心代表讲授并交流了部“七五”科技攻关第16-01项目中“1:5万区调中遥感方法技术研究”的重要研究成果和经验,尤其是介绍了中国地质大学(武汉)在“七五”攻关项目研究中密切配合16-02项目所积累的1:5万区调中三大岩类填图的遥感解译标志和遥感填图方法,受到与会者与学员的一致好评。     

内蒙古乌兰浩特沙巴尔吐地区上二叠统林西组重新划分

本文作者在内蒙古乌兰浩特北沙巴尔吐一带开展1∶5万区调时,根据岩石组合、古生物特征、沉积环境等对出露于该地区扎格斯台一带的一套黑色砂板岩进行了重新厘定。重新厘定后的林西组为一套黑色板岩、粉砂岩夹细砂岩地层组合,具陆相沉积特征。该套地层在原1∶20万区调工作中被划归索伦组(P_(1~s)),原1∶25万区调又将其划归哲斯组(P_(2~(zs))),本次将上部陆相碎屑岩部分重新厘定为上二叠统林西组。该地层的重新厘定对本区寻找烃源岩有重要的指导意义。     

吉林省泥盆系层序的新划分

<正> 吉林省泥盆系露头比较零星,地层资料也比较少。1966年李东津等在永吉县黄榆屯西王家街发现泥盆纪珊瑚,长春地质学院等命名为王家街组。分布在磐石县呼兰镇至黑石镇一带的变质岩系呼兰群经郭鸿俊的研究被划为志留—泥盆系,但至今仍有争议。笔者通过珊瑚化石的研究,肯定了原定为志留系的二道沟灰岩为早泥盆世早期地层,又在王家     

Depositional history and stratigraphical evolution of the Sakamena group (Middle Karoo Supergroup) in the southern Morondava Basin, Madagascar

The Karoo Supergroup in Madagascar is subdivided into three lithostratigraphical units: the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian Sakoa Group; the Late Permian-Middle Triassic Sakamena Group; and the Triassic-Early Jurassic Isalo Group. The Sakamena Group is fairly well exposed in the southern Morondava Basin, where it is approximately 4000 m thick. The Sakamena Group is separated from the Sakoa Group by an angular unconformity. The Lower Sakamena Formation is characterised by two major facies associations: (1) interbedded muddy conglomerates and coarse sandstones; and (2) interbedded sandstones and mudstones, which were deposited in a rejuvenated rift setting by coarse-grained fluvial systems and debris flows on the rift margins. In the Vatambe area, facies represent fandelta deposition in a saline lake or tongue of the ocean. The Middle Sakamena Formation comprises three major facies: (1) laminated mudstones and sandstones; (2) sandstones; and (3) mudstones. The Middle Sakamena facies were deposited by low gradient meandering streams and in shallow lakes. The Upper Sakamena Formation was deposited in similar environments, except that it is comprised predominantly of red beds. The Isalo Group consists predominantly of coarse-grained sandstones (up to 6000 m thick). These sandstones were deposited by braided streams with the coarse detritus derived from a structural uplift in the east.     

国际泥盆系GSSP与华南泥盆系划分

简要介绍国际泥盆系各阶界线定义、界线层型,以及目前进行的国际泥盆系埃姆斯阶、吉维阶、弗拉斯阶和法门阶亚阶划分的情况,并讨论了中国区域性阶与国际性阶之间的关系:除了埃姆斯阶和法门阶在华南分别进一步细分为郁江阶和四排阶以及锡矿山阶和邵东阶等外,那高岭阶、应堂阶、东岗岭阶和佘田桥阶大致分别相当于布拉格阶、艾费尔阶、吉维阶和弗拉斯阶;今后需加强对上述几个中国区域性阶底界确切时代的研究。国际泥盆系中各亚阶在我国大体可以应用,但吉维阶中亚阶-上亚阶、弗拉斯阶下亚阶-中亚阶的分界及最上法门亚阶的底界在华南台地相区岩石地层上不易划分。     

青海玉树地区首次发现中泥盆世植物化石

青海玉树西部地区原下石炭统杂多群发现保存完好的Psilophyton dapsile等植物化石，据此，含化石地层厘定为中泥盆统。这一发现对研究青海南部地区泥盆纪沉积环境以及我国泥盆纪植物分区具有十分重要的意义。     

Sedimentology of the Old Red Sandstone (Siluro-Devonian) in the Clee Hills area,Shropshire, England

The sequence of approximately 1300 m is divided by a major unconformity (Middle Devonian) into the thick Lower Old Red Sandstone (Siluro-Devonian), resting disconformably on Ludlovian (Silurian) marine strata, and the much thinner Upper Old Red Sandstone (Upper Devonian) overlain by the Carboniferous.The Lower Old Red Sandstone commences with littoral sediments (Downton Castle Formation) followed by tidal mud-flat deposits (Temeside Formation) formed after a brief marine transgression. The predominant remainder of the sequence (Ledbury Formation, Ditton Group, Abdon Group, Woodbank Group), characterized by fining-upwards cyclothems, records the establishment during a marine regression of extensive and persistent alluvial plains. Prior to Ditton Group times, detritus came from relatively distant regionally metamorphosed rocks lying to the north or west of the Clee Hills. Subsequently, apparently as the result of river-capture or drainage-reversal consequent on the commencement of the final (mid-Devonian) phase of Caledonian movement, high-level crustal rocks closer at hand (largely Wales) replaced the metamorphics as the sources of sediment, the earlier Lower Old Red Sandstone itself being recycled. To judge from the calcretes preserved in the alluvial formations, the area lay near the Equator and experienced a relatively dry hot climate.The Upper Old Red Sandstone likewise reveals fining-upwards cyclothems. The overlying Carboniferous rocks evidence the renewed marine transgression of the area, after the removal of the effects of the mid-Devonian movements.     

新疆北部泥盆纪床板珊瑚组合特征兼论下、中泥盆统的划分

<正> 新疆北部阿尔泰山、东、西准噶尔及北天山地区,下、中、上泥盆统皆有床板珊瑚,垂直变化明显,形成了自奥陶纪以来第三个繁盛期。本文将本区泥盆纪床板珊瑚分布规律及其组合特征介绍如下:     

新疆北部下中泥盆统层序及其界线讨论

新疆北部是中国北方下中泥盆统出露最全地区之一,1977年曾作为中国北方槽区典型剖面.笔者根据最新资料研究,重新选定了下中泥盆统标准层序(自下而上):下泥盆统:乌吐布拉克组、曼格尔组.芒克鲁组;中泥盆统:乌鲁苏巴斯套组、纸房组.并根据岩性变化及床板珊瑚化石资料,对乌吐布拉克组进行了重新审定,将原沙尔布尔提山剖面乌吐布拉克组下2层归入上志留统.重点讨论了下泥盆统的底界及下与中泥盆统间的界线.     

Pre‐Tabberabberan deformation in eastern Tasmania: A southern extension of the Benambran Orogeny

Recumbent folding in eastern Tasmania affected turbidites containing Lower to Middle Ordovician (Bendigonian Be1 to Darriwilian Da3) fossils, but not stratigraphically overlying turbidites containing Silurian (Ludlow) graptolites, and is of a timing consistent with Ordovician to Silurian Benambran orogenesis on the Australian mainland. Two subsequent phases of upright folding post‐date deposition of turbidites containing Devonian plant fossils but pre‐date intrusion of Middle Devonian granitoids, and are of Tabberabberan age. A closely spaced disjunctive cleavage (S₂), associated with the first phase of Tabberabberan folding, everywhere cuts a slaty cleavage (S₁) associated with the earlier formed recumbent folds. However, refolding associated with development of S₂ is not always clear in outcrop and it is proposed that coincident tectonic vergence between the two events has resulted in reactivation of recumbent D₁ structures during the D₂ event. The transition to rocks not affected by recumbent folding coincides with a marked change in sedimentology from shale‐ to sand‐dominated successions. This contact does not outcrop but, from seismic data, appears to dip moderately to the east, and can only be explained as an unconformity. The current grouping of all pre‐Middle Devonian turbidites in eastern Tasmania into the one Mathinna Group is misleading in that the turbidite sequence can be subdivided into two distinct sedimentary packages separated by an orogenic event. It is proposed that the Mathinna Group be given supergroup status and existing formations placed into two new groups: an older Early to Middle Ordovician Tippogoree Group and a younger Silurian to Devonian Panama Group.     

广西六景泥盆纪吉维阶-弗拉斯阶界线层牙形石生物地层

广西六景泥盆系剖面是我国泥盆系标准剖面之一 ,通过对其吉维阶 -弗拉斯阶界线上下地层进行详细的牙形石生物地层研究 ,自上而下识别出 12个牙形石带 :Palmatolepis jamieae带、Palmatolepis hassi带、Palmatolepispunctata带、Palmatolepistransitans带、上 Mesotaxisfalsiovalis带、下 Mesotaxisfalsiovalis带、Klapperina dispar-ilis带、上 Schmidtognathus hermanni- Polygnathus cristatus带、下 Schmidtognathus hermanni- Polygnathus cristatus带、上 Polygnathus varcus带、中 Polygnathus varcus带、下 Polygnathus varcus带。吉维阶 -弗拉斯阶界线 (即中 -上泥盆统界线 )由 Ancyrodella binodosa→ Ancyrodella rotundiloba early form→ Ancyrodella rotundiloba late form这一演化线系中的 Ancyrodella rotundiloba early form的首次出现确定 ,处于下 Mesotaxis falsiovalis带下部 ,在谷闭组底界之上 1.80 m处。     

新疆准噶尔地区泥盆系火山碎屑岩中放射虫的发现及其地质意义

泥盆系课题组,在准噶尔地区发现20余层含放射虫的火山碎屑岩,放射虫均产于被化石证明了的下、中、上泥盆统中.在火山碎屑岩中产放射虫,国外已有报导,国内尚无正式报导.从而对该区岩相古地理提出了新认识.