ZDY4000BL型液压钻机履带行走液压系统的设计

煤矿用履带式钻机是一种新型煤矿用液压钻机,它能有效地改善钻机工作效率,提高钻掘产量,降低工作强度,在煤矿行业起到了举足轻重的作用。以ZDY4000BL型煤矿用履带式全液压钻机为例,根据H前履带行走驱动系统的形式,及使用环境条件和制造成本的影响,提出了一种行之有效的液压钻机履带行走液压系统。使用表明,该型式能满足煤矿用履带式钻机的行走要求。     

立轴式回转钻机液压系统升级及应用

机械传动、液压给进的立轴式钻机,是当前国内广泛应用的一种主流机型,液压系统是立轴式钻机的重要组成部分。针对主流深孔立轴式岩心钻机液压系统存在的问题,通过采取增大液压元件的额定流量、加大油管的通径、对油箱部分进行完善等措施,对立轴式回转钻机的液压系统进行了升级改进,并经实践验证取得了较好的效果。介绍了立轴式钻机液压系统优化升级的主要措施及其实际应用效果。     

全液压坑道钻机液压系统污染分析与控制

深入分析了全液压坑道钻机液压系统的污染来源及危害,以钻机油箱的设计环节为重点分析了液压系统油液污染控制方法,并对钻机其他元件污染控制及钻机使用阶段污染控制有针对地提出改进措施,提高了液压系统的清洁度及坑道钻机的可靠性。研究结果对其他工程机械液压净化系统的设计维护具有借鉴意义。     

第三讲 液压系统

液压技术在钻探设备上的应用,首先始于钻机的液压给进油缸.随着液压技术水平的提高,它在立轴钻机上的应用范围也在不断扩大,现已从油缸扩大到液压卡盘、液压移动装置、液压起立桅杆钻架等.这是现代立轴式钻机发展的一个重要方面. YL-3型钻机的油路设计,不仅参考了国外同型钻机油路特点,还结合我国液压技术现状作了一些新的探索.     

DGZ-150B型旋喷钻机提升系统稳定性分析及改进

钻机提升系统在开启和关闭时存在着严重的液压冲击现象,因而会造成钻机运行的不平稳。产生液压冲击主要是由换向阀开启和关闭时液压油和负载的动能瞬时转化为压力能而造成的。本文结合DGZ-150B型多管全方位旋喷钻机,主要介绍了通过改进提升液压系统回路和选择合理的提升速度来降低液压冲击的影响。通过利用AMESim 软件对改进前后的提升液压系统建模仿真,可以看出改进后的液压系统对液压冲击有明显的控制,系统稳定性大大提高。按照改进后的提升液压系统对钻机的提升系统进行改造,钻机在步进提升时基本感觉不到液压冲击,钻机的震动大大减轻,稳定性增强。     

岩心钻机传动方式对比分析

岩心钻机的传动方式经历了由机械传动、半液压传动到全液压传动三个发展阶段。诚然,全液压岩心钻机具有一系列的优点,但是否就是今后唯一的发展方向呢?对此,各国钻探界仍有不同的看法。瑞典、美国等极力推崇全液压钻机;加拿大则有人主张在全液压钻机设计中保留部分机械传动;苏联还有人提出了电传动的问题。现就国外岩心钻机在传动方式上的最新进展作些初步分析。液压传动液压传动技术用于岩心钻机已有几十年的历史。在初期,液压传动只是用来代替钻机个別部件的机械传动,例如液压给进系统、液压卡盘、钻机后移液压机构,以及液压卸扣钳等等。但是,自从     

ZDY6000L型履带式全液压坑道钻机液压系统设计

提高全液压坑道钻机液压系统的技术水平,对于改善钻机整机性能及提高瓦斯抽采孔的成孔率具有重要意义。在对全液压坑道钻机液压系统现状分析的基础上,根据钻探工艺和液压传动控制系统节能的要求,设计了ZDY6000L型覆带式全液压坑道钻机液压系统,其功能主要包括行走回路、回转回路、给进回路和辅助回路。经型式试验和现场工业性试验表明,该液压系统设计合理、先进可靠,具备良好的机动性,且节能增效。      

CYS-300型全液压地热水井钻机的研制

本文介绍了CYS300型全液压地热水井钻机的性能参数、关键机械部件结构及液压系统的设计。钻机选用齿轮泵作为液压系统动力元件,配合液压多路阀实现对动力头双液压马达和给进油缸等执行元件液压油的合流,通过液控二速阀实现动力头双液压马达的串并联工作,输出4种转速和扭矩,在满足钻机性能参数设计要求的同时,简化液压系统的设计,减少液压系统能量损耗,降低维护和使用成本。钻机采用油缸三链条倍速机构实现动力头的给进提升,具有结构简单、性能可靠、抗冲击能力强、提升平稳等优点。现场工程施工应用表明：CYS300型全液压地热水井钻机性能稳定可靠,工艺和复杂地层适用能力强,操作安全舒适,钻进效率高。     

MG-150型锚固钻机的研制

MG-150型锚固钻机是一种机械传动、液压给进、液压提升的动力头式工程钻机。该钻机结构简单、布局合理、成本低廉，具有价格优势。介绍了钻机的组成、工作原理、设计特点、性能参数及试验情况。     

地矿部勘探技术研究所钻机二室成果简介

地矿部勘探技术研究所钻机二室成果简介１ＧＪＤ系列工程施工钻机该系列钻机是动力头式、具有回转和冲击钻进方法的反循环（泵吸或喷射）钻机。机械传动、液压操纵、有步履机构、摆管机构、液压提引、液压冲击，钻机能前后、左右移动和转向。有两种型号：ＧＪＤ—１５００...     

东濮凹陷北部沙河街组三段中亚段沉积环境分析

东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.     

郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论

据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

塘口水电站坝基岩体透水性和渗漏问题分析

塘口水电站大坝基础座落在断层和裂隙较发育的龟裂纹灰岩上,岩体完整性差、透水性强,多年运行后,大坝灌浆廊道和排水廊道出现多处集中性漏水,为确保大坝安全和电站正常发电,根据渗漏性质和成因,采用对灌浆廊道补充帷幕灌浆,对排水廊道进行固结+帷幕+回填灌浆。通过灌浆处理后,效果良好,表明灌浆工程有效的将导致坝基渗漏的上下游的裂隙通道封闭,并顺利的经受了随后的汛期洪水考验,大坝安全得到保障。     

Report of the restudy of the defined global stratotype of the base of the Silurian System

The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.     

Calculation of the Inverse of the Covariance

In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

Artemia in the Salt Lakes of Russia:the Productivity of Populations,the Reserves of the Cysts and the Fisheries

正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the