基于位移和剪力降低率的减震设计方法研究

附设黏滞阻尼器后的消能减震结构总阻尼比增加,结构各层位移和剪力明显降低。文中以位移降低率和剪力降低率为减震目标,推导附设黏滞阻尼器消能减震结构单自由度体系位移降低率和剪力降低率的计算公式,绘制减震目标与附加阻尼比的关系曲线,研究附设黏滞阻尼器减震结构中减震目标与附加阻尼比的合理匹配问题,提出基于位移和剪力降低率的黏滞阻尼器减震结构设计方法,并通过实际工程算例验证该设计方法在以一阶振型为主的多自由度框架结构体系中应用的可行性。该设计方法简单明确、操作方便,能够快速进行消能减震结构设计,为黏滞阻尼器在框架结构中的广泛应用提供理论指导。     

设置黏滞阻尼器的钢结构实用减震设计方法

黏滞阻尼器作为一种有效的消能减震装置,已在钢结构建筑中得到了大量应用.然而由于钢结构的延性和阻尼特征,实用的钢结构附加黏滞阻尼器设计方法仍需深度探讨.文中提出一种基于黏滞阻尼器延性需求的减震设计方法.首先,根据钢结构需求量化层间位移角性能目标及目标附加阻尼比,计算黏滞阻尼器延性需求,并确定黏滞阻尼器布置数量、进行控制效...     

消能减震结构设计的阻尼比研究

阻尼比是消能减震结构设计的重要参数,对消能减震结构设计具有决定性影响。消能减震结构设汁巾阻尼是时变参数,消能减震结构是非经典阻尼结构。采用复模态设计方法、强解耦振型分解法、基于变形能的等效阻尼法三种方法分别对不同情况的消能减震结构阻尼比进行研究,得到选择消能减震设计疗法和不同方法计算精度的规律,对消能减震结构设计具有参考价值。     

非线性粘滞阻尼器消能结构设计方法探讨

在建立非线形粘滞阻尼器消能结构性能曲线的基础上，建议了依据减震性能目标确定阻尼器参数的概略设计方法。提出了多自由度非线性粘滞阻尼器消能结构的等效阻尼比计算公式。在此基础上建议了适用于多自由度非线性粘滞阻尼器消能结构地震反应预测的模态叠加法，方法与时程分析结果对比吻合良好。为使各层阻尼器参数更好地满足减震性能要求，提出了将概略设计得到的层阻尼器参数依据减振性能目标进行调整的方法。     

某型钢混凝土框架核心筒消能减震结构的弹塑性分析

某工程位于昆明市,主体结构高153.1m,为型钢混凝土框架-剪力墙核心筒体系。建筑总高度超过了《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》中规定的B级高度,为提高结构的抗震性能,该工程采用消能减震技术控制结构的地震反应,对消能减震结构进行了设计,确定了消能器附加给结构的阻尼比值。为给结构设计提供可靠的参考依据,采用PERFORM-3D软件,对设有非线性粘滞阻尼器的该结构进行罕遇地震作用下动力弹塑性时程分析,评估该结构的整体性能及其构件的屈服情况,结果表明该消能减震结构基本能达到预期抗震性能目标。     

基于楼层剪力的等效阻尼比计算方法研究

针对现有附加有效阻尼比计算方法存在的问题,本文从能量的角度揭示了阻尼比对结构影响的机理.从结构设计的角度,提出一种在时程分析下基于楼层剪力的消能减震结构等效阻尼比计算方法.对布置黏滞阻尼器和软钢阻尼器的消能减震模型,采用本文提出的等效阻尼比计算方法,建立等效结构进行结构响应对比.结果表明,由该计算方法得到的等效阻尼比能...     

高层剪力墙结构消能连梁设计案例分析及几个问题的讨论

本文选取两栋高层剪力墙结构住宅工程案例,采用ETABS软件分析并讨论了高层剪力墙结构中安装位移型钢滞变阻尼器连梁进行消能减震设计的几个关键问题。以阻尼器刚度、设计极限位移、附加阻尼比等参数为基本参量,以层间位移角和层间剪力为减震效果优劣评价指标,对比研究了阻尼器空间布设位置和数量变化对结构地震反应的影响规律。验证了阻尼器刚度参数变化影响结构主振周期变化,进一步影响层间剪力减震效果;阻尼器设计极限位移参数变化引起结构整体耗能能力变化,即阻尼器的设置增加了结构附加阻尼比尤其是大震附加阻尼比,使结构大震作用下的层间位移反应得到有效控制。给出了如下设计建议:当在高层剪力墙结构中采用消能连梁进行消能减震设计时,应尽可能将阻尼器布置在受力较大的连梁位置处,并使阻尼器的设计屈服位移和极限位移分别与结构设计弹性层间位移和弹塑性层间位移相匹配。在设计过程中应通过调整阻尼器刚度尽可能延长消能减震结构的基本振动周期,优化阻尼器布设位置和数量,最大限度地增大阻尼器对结构的附加阻尼比贡献,达到显著降低结构地震反应的目的。     

附加黏滞阻尼器结构基于性能的抗震设计

基于改进的能力谱法,提出了一种附加黏滞阻尼器结构的抗震设计方法.首先利用改进的能力谱法评估待加固结构抗震性能,若不满足要求则用简单方法计算待加固结构满足给定性能目标所需的附加阻尼比.然后按文中提出的阻尼器阻尼系数3种分配方式,将所需的阻尼比分配于各个楼层.将所提方法应用于10层钢结构的设计,最后对初步设计的消能结构进行非线性动力时程分析,验证了所提方法的精确性.3种阻尼器分配模式下消能结构非线性时程分析结果表明,阻尼力正比于楼层剪力分配模式能取得最保守的设计结果,用改进的能力谱法设计的附加黏滞阻尼器结构能较好地满足给定的屋顶位移性能目标,基本满足层间位移角性能目标.     

基于损伤性能并考虑主余震作用的消能减震结构抗震设计

综合考虑余震影响和结构损伤,提出一种基于损伤性能的消能减震结构抗震设计方法。为满足结构抵抗余震的性能要求,提出结合主余震的损伤性能目标。以Park-Ang双参数损伤模型为基础建立了结构层间损伤计算公式,通过损伤程度评估结构抗震性能,给出消能减震结构基于损伤性能的抗震设计流程。     

某大型复杂结构地震响应与控制研究

针对某大型复杂结构的地震响应及控制策略进行了研究。首先,建立该结构的整体有限元模型,采用Ritz向量法对结构进行模态分析,研究该复杂结构的振动特性,基于位能加权平均法求解了该复杂结构等效阻尼比;随后,研究了不同布置型式下粘滞消能支撑的受力特点和计算模型;最后.对该结构进行减振设计,分析了不同消能支撑布置形式下的减振效果。结果表明,采用消能减震装置能有效降低复杂结构的地震响应,且并不改变结构体型;同等减震效果前提下,采用人字形支撑比采用斜撑更为经济。本文工作可供类似的大型复杂结构减震设计参考和借鉴。     

Design formulations for supplemental viscous dampers to highway bridges

Design formulas for supplemental viscous dampers to building structures are readily available in FEMA provisions and MCEER research reports. However, for the design of supplemental viscous dampers corresponding to a desired system damping ratio of highway bridges, there exist, if any, few design guidelines. This is particularly true if the bridge components such as elastomeric bearings, piers and abutment possess different damping ratios, stiffnesses, and lumped masses. In this paper, the design formulas for supplemental viscous dampers to highway bridges have been derived based on the concept of ‘composite damping ratio’. The design formulas can be used to determine the damping coefficients of the dampers corresponding to a desired system damping ratio of the bridge in which different component damping ratios may be assumed for the elastomeric bearings, piers and abutments. The proposed design formulas are numerically validated by comparing the seismic responses of a three‐span bridge equipped with viscous dampers with those of the same bridge without viscous dampers but with an assigned inherent system damping ratio equal to the target system damping ratio. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Performance spectra based method for the seismic design of structures equipped with passive supplemental damping systems

A new direct performance‐based design method utilizing design tools called performance‐spectra (P‐Spectra) for low‐rise to medium‐rise frame structures incorporating supplemental damping devices is presented. P‐Spectra are graphic tools that relate the responses of nonlinear SDOF systems with supplemental dampers to various damping parameters and dynamic system properties that structural designers can control. These tools integrate multiple response quantities that are important to the performance of a structure into a single compact graphical format to facilitate direct comparison of different potential solutions that satisfy a set of predetermined performance objectives under various levels of seismic hazard. An SDOF to MDOF transformation procedure that defines the required supplemental damping properties for the MDOF structure to achieve the response defined by the target SDOF system is also presented for hysteretic, linear viscous and viscoelastic damping devices. Using nonlinear time‐history analyses of idealized shear structures, the accuracy of the transformation procedure is verified. A seismic performance upgrade design example is presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method for achieving design performance goals using supplemental damping devices. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Development and experimental evaluation of a passive gap damper device to prevent pounding in base‐isolated structures

Studies have shown the effectiveness of providing supplemental energy dissipation in base‐isolated structures to reduce displacements at the isolation level. A previous analytical study demonstrated the benefits of providing this energy dissipation at a specified gap larger than the design displacement. The gap before engagement allows the base isolation system to meet performance criteria in varying levels of ground excitation. Use of this ‘gap damper’ device eliminates undesirable effects often exhibited with large amounts of supplemental damping at lower intensity motions. Using results from an analytical study, the primary purpose of this research was to develop devices for practical implementation. Development of the devices demanded simplicity, feasibility, economy, and reliability to be an effective option in building design and construction. Multiple designs were proposed, and a final design was chosen based on selection criteria and finite element analyses. The device was designed and tested in Auburn University's Structural Research Lab. Experimental results were compared with theoretical models to verify behavior and make necessary adjustments for a shake table experiment. The design parameters were selected to accommodate re‐use of the device for the shake table test. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

粘滞阻尼耗能连梁的超高层结构减震性能研究

连梁作为剪力墙结构中的抗震第一道防线,其承载力和耗能能力对整体结构的抗震性能有重要影响。本文提出在连梁中附设粘滞阻尼器,利用阻尼器发生竖向剪切变形而耗能。结合实际工程研究粘滞阻尼耗能连梁的性能,采用ETABS和PERFORM-3D软件对粘滞阻尼耗能连梁结构与传统连梁结构进行有限元模拟对比分析,并对粘滞阻尼耗能连梁的各项最优参数进行研究。结果表明:粘滞阻尼耗能连梁充分发挥耗能作用,整体结构具有良好的抗震性能,与传统连梁结构相比,主体结构的弹性耗能得到明显降低。平面布置方式、竖向布置方式、阻尼器参数的选取对附设粘滞阻尼耗能连梁的框架-核心筒结构减震效果影响较大,合理选择这些参数可以使耗能结构减震效果最优。     

消能减震结构设计参数研究与试验验证

本文就消能减震结构设计参数,即消能部件的支撑刚度、层间最大阻尼力与结构层间屈服力比值等恢复力模型参数的选取进行了讨论。通过对消能装置的耗能特性理论分析,导出了消能装置产生的层间等效阻尼比与这些参数的关系曲线,建议了这些参数的合理取值范围。同时通过对两个消能减震试验结果的分析,验证了本文建议的参数取值的合理性。     

The role of viscoelastic damping on retrofitting seismic performance of asymmetric reinforced concrete structures

The primary purpose of this research is to improve the seismic response of a complex asymmetric tall structure using viscoelastic(VE) dampers. Asymmetric structures have detrimental effects on the seismic performance because such structures create abrupt changes in the stiffness or strength that may lead to undesirable stress concentrations at weak locations. Structural control devices are one of the effective ways to reduce seismic impacts, particularly in asymmetric structures. For passive vibration control of structures, VE dampers are considered among the most preferred devices for energy dissipation. Therefore, in this research, VE dampers are implemented at strategic locations in a realistic case study structure to increase the level of distributed damping without occupying significant architectural space and reducing earthquake vibrations in terms of story displacements(drifts) and other design forces. It has been concluded that the seismic response of the considered structure retrofitted with supplemental VE dampers corresponded well in controlling the displacement demands. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that seismic response in terms of interstory drifts was effectively mitigated with supplemental damping when added up to a certain level. Exceeding the supplemental damping from this level did not contribute to additional mitigation of the seismic response of the considered structure. In addition, it was found that the supplemental damping increased the total acceleration of the considered structure at all floor levels, which indicates that for irregular tall structures of this type, VE dampers were only a good retrofitting measure for earthquake induced interstory deformations and their use may not be suitable for acceleration sensitive structures. Overall, the research findings demonstrate how seismic hazards to these types of structures can be reduced by introducing additional damping into the structure.     

Optimal seismic response control with dampers

The usefulness of energy dissipation devices to reduce seismic response of structures is now well established. For a given installation of such devices in a structure, one can easily compute the level of response reduction achieved. However, the solution of an inverse problem of how many devices one would need to achieve a desired level of response reduction in a structure, or to achieve an expected level of performance from a structural system, is not quite as straightforward and well formulated. In this paper, a method is presented to obtain the amount of viscous and visco‐elastic damping one would need to obtain a desired level of response reduction. The needed supplemental devices are also optimally distributed in the structure to achieve the best performance. To solve the optimal problem, a gradient‐based optimization approach is used. To illustrate the application, numerical results for a 24‐storey building structure are presented where the objective is to achieve the maximum reduction in the performance functions expressed in terms of the inter‐storey drifts, base shear, or floor accelerations. Other forms of performance functions can also be treated similarly. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

消能减震技术用于C类框架学校建筑提高一度抗震设防加固的探讨

针对既有的C类框架学校建筑提高一度抗震设防的加固目标,从地震作用计算、结构抗震验算和抗震构造措施等方面详细分析了其中的加固难点,指出了应用传统抗震加固方法的一些不足之处,探讨了应用消能减震技术进行结构提高一度抗震设防加固的可行性;并以某C类框架学校建筑加固工程为实例,从减震控制效果分析、弹塑性变形验算、消能部件影响评价、抗震构造措施核查4个方面论证了消能减震加固方法的有效性和可操作性。结果表明,消能减震技术在C类框架学校建筑抗震加固中具有一定的应用优势,不但能有效控制结构的地震响应,而且依据减震效果可以适当降低结构的抗震构造要求。因此,只要通过合理的消能减震加固设计,再辅以额外的局部加强处理,完全可以实现C类框架学校建筑提高一度抗震设防的加固目标需求。