关于我国城市统计区重建的地理学研究

本文从我国现行的城市统计区的地域特征分析入手,通过对国内外有关城市统计区建立的理论与方法的比较研究,指出了我国现行城市统计区划中存在的问题及其重新建立的必要性,从实质性和可比性的角度,提出基于“日常生活圈”的我国城市统计区重建的理念,并对基于“日常生活圈”的我国城市统计区的基本构造、建立方法和可行性进行了讨论。     

大型跨国零售企业进军中国的市场分析

CEPA和WTO框架的全面实施，对我国零售业将产生巨大影响．本文以进入中国市场的大型跨国企业为研究对象，分析其业态特征、进入中国市场的条件及其对中国零售业的挑战。文中以销品茂和大卖场为重点，探讨其准入现状、准入环境、规模经济优势和技术优势。论文最后就在竞争中学会竞争，提高中国零售企业的国际竞争力提出自己的见解。     

Cartography and Population Geography as Current Events: A Case Study

Abstract

The Sanders housing lawsuit in Pennsylvania provides a case study of how to incorporate current events into the teaching of cartography or population geography at the high school or college level. Settlement of the Sanders case resulted in the release of information about the segregation of public housing by race in the Pittsburgh area. The issues in the Sanders case were mapped using publicly-accessible data, illustrating how an authentic lesson can be created with a minimum of resources.     

中国商业地理学的研究进展

作者回顾了中国商业地理学的发展历程,将商业地理研究分为启蒙期、形成期、消沉期、酝酿期和活跃期5个阶段。评述了从酝酿期 (即1984年) 以来商业地理学研究的5个主要方向,最后总结了中国商业地理学发展特征和存在问题,并对以后商业地理学的发展及研究热点作了展望。     

Locating a Community Recycling Center within a Residential Area: A Belgian Case Study

This article demonstrates the operation of a simple optimal location‐allocation technique for solving the problem of locating one or several community recycling center(s) within a residential area. The article attempts to measure both transportation and externality costs in comparable units, and to incorporate them into the model. A sensitivity analysis of the results at the level of the nuisance provides further insight into the operation of the model and the relative importance of the quantification of pollution in applied location‐allocation problems.     

Bridging Geography and Education for Sustainable Development: A Korean Example

There is an apparent disconnect between geography and education for sustainable development (ESD), with geography underrepresented in publications and curricula related to sustainability though the discipline embraces the need to foment positive change. To bridge this schism, this article introduces advances in education for sustainable development (ESD-2) and a three-dimensional key competence-based model that can be deployed in tandem with economic geography theory. Deploying the theme of solar PV in Korea, a competency-based lesson planning exercise is presented to demonstrate the potential for this learning paradigm to generate agency and empower change for a sustainable future.     

激进地理学的形成和演变——以《异端的传统》为例

当前国内对激进地理学的研究相当有限。从方法论角度,通过选取激进地理学的代表作《异端的传统》为案例,在分析其背景的基础上,从激进地理学的理论、实践以及它与马克思主义的关系等方面总结和提炼了激进地理学的发展历程与要点,评价了该文的方法论涵义,并总结了它对中国地理学方法论研究的启示。该案例剖析表明,激进地理学是资本主义危机和实证主义地理学存在内在缺陷的背景下产生;其理论前提在于地理学家固有的种族-阶级属性使地理学成为科学实证和文化属性相结合的产物;激进地理学家主要通过创办刊物、建立团体、开展运动树立了激进主义学派,使它由"异端"成为传统;马克思主义是多数激进地理学家的理论选择;批判和自我批判基础上的重构可能是当今和未来地理学方法论创新的主要途径。中国应该积极开展激进地理学和马克思主义地理学的理论研究和实践活动。     

基于地理区位的区域发展分析——以重庆市为例

文章在对比分析区位与地理区位的基础上,提出了区域地理区位分析的双层次模式,认为区域发展所需分析的地理区位可分为一级,二级地理区位两个层次,对区域地理区位的总体认识可以通过对二级地理区位的具体分析来实现,其中,自然地理区位,人文地理区位和经济地理区位构成一级地理区位,农业,工业,商贸,交通通信,工程,资源,环境,旅游,城市和政治等地理区位共同构成二级地理区位,同时,以该双层次模式对重庆市的地理区位进行个案研究,具体分析了重庆市二级地理区位的优劣势,并据此提出重庆市在“西部大开发”中,基于地理区位条件的若干区域发展对策建议。     

盐城麋鹿生态旅游区游客变化特征及预测

生态旅游区的发展受到诸多确定性因素和随机性因素的共同作用,并反映于旅游区游客观测序列.通过构建游客序列分析框架,提出了游客序列分析的理论模型.并以江苏盐城麋鹿生态旅游区为例,集成多种数学方法,进行了游客序列的分解、调整和综合预测的实证分析.运用Tramo/Seats方法进行季节调整分析可有效提取时间序列各组分,从而获得了不同尺度的作用模式,所获得的去噪序列为预测研究提供了基础资料.基于ARIMA模型、Winter加法模型、Winter乘法模型和Tramo/Seats模型的综合预测表明,麋鹿生态旅游区未来两年年平均新增游客数量在1.95-3.14万人次之间.各方法预测结果间的差异与其建模思路及实现方法有关,因此集成多种方法进行预测,并进行对比分析,有助于获得对游客波动变化更为全面的认识,同时所提供的多种可能预测方案,可为生态旅游区容量控制、旅游环境资源的保护与开发及旅游区的管理决策提供参考依据.     

Internet-Based GIS in an Inductive Learning Environment: A Case Study of Ninth-Grade Geography Students

Abstract

This article reports the results of a qualitative case study that explored the use of Internet-based geographic information systems (IGIS) with ninth-grade geography students. The students worked in teams to examine the geography of Africa using IGIS resources with the instructional goal of developing a presentation on a significant issue facing one region or country. The purpose of this study was to explore the use of IGIS as a tool for integrating geospatial technologies into ninth-grade geography curriculum and instruction within an inductive learning environment. The findings for this study indicate that IGIS can be a successful tool for geography education in an inductive learning environment. Based on qualitative data collected through classroom observations, focus group interviews with students, student work samples, and a teacher journal, two assertions are offered: students perceived expanded freedom as a positive aspect of this IGIS project and IGIS projects such as this can lead to gains in students' cultural awareness and empathy for distant others.     

Locating a Community Recycling Center within a Residential Area: A Belgian Case Study

This article demonstrates the operation of a simple optimal location-allocation technique for solving the problem of locating one or several community recycling center(s) within a residential area. The article attempts to measure both transportation and externality costs in comparable units, and to incorporate them into the model. A sensitivity analysis of the results at the level of the nuisance provides further insight into the operation of the model and the relative importance of the quantification of pollution in applied location-allocation problems.     

Early Instruction in Geography: An Exploration in the Ecology of Kindergarten and First-Grade Geography Education

Abstract

Student drawn maps have been relatively neglected as an evaluation tool, despite their potential utility for assessing geographic knowledge. Comparison of students' sketch maps at the beginning and end of the year can inform the teacher about how students' representations of the world change over the course of instruction. Used as a pretest, they can be used to diagnose areas of strength and weakness within a class; as a posttest they can be used to assess students' achievement and the effectiveness of instruction. In this paper we provide an easy method for sorting and summarizing sketch map data, which is illustrated using maps collected from two sixth grade classes. We also outline a framework to guide teachers in generating questions to ask about their own students' maps.     

盐城麋鹿生态旅游区游客变化特征及预测

生态旅游区的发展受到诸多确定性因素和随机性因素的共同作用,并反映于旅游区游客观测序列。通过构建游客序列分析框架,提出了游客序列分析的理论模型。并以江苏盐城麋鹿生态旅游区为例,集成多种数学方法,进行了游客序列的分解、调整和综合预测的实证 分析。运用Tramo/Seats 方法进行季节调整分析可有效提取时间序列各组分,从而获得了不同尺度的作用模式,所获得的去噪序列为预测研究提供了基础资料。基于ARIMA 模型、Winter 加法模型、Winter 乘法模型和Tramo/Seats 模型的综合预测表明,麋鹿生态旅游区未来两年年平均新增游客数量在1.95-3.14 万人次之间。各方法预测结果间的差异与其建模思路及实现方法有关,因此集成多种方法进行预测,并进行对比分析,有助于获得对游客波动变化更为全面的认识,同时所提供的多种可能预测方案,可为生态旅游区容量控制、旅游环境资源的保护与开发及旅游区的管理决策提供参考依据。     

地理学方法论变革的案例剖析——重新审视《地理学中的例外论》之争

方法论是关涉地理学性质和发展走向的关键问题。案例剖析是研究方法论的重要方法。本文选取在地理学思想史上有重大影响的《地理学中的例外论：方法论的检视》一文及其引发的争议作为案例,在分析其背景的基础上,深入透视和拓展该文对地理学方法论性质的认识,重新审视和评价了“例外论”之争及其现实意义。该案例剖析表明：方法论是方法的科学化、逻辑化和整体化,方法论的基本性质是动态演替性;地理学方法论发展的途径有传承型、革新型和调适型,对于地理学都不可或缺;方法论的发展不断经历着“否定之否定”的辩证过程;地理学能够并且应该为方法论研究和争论创造平台。当前中国地理学迫切需要加强方法论的探索和革新。     

旅游目的地标志景区测度模型及广州实证解析

标志景区是旅游目的地的符号象征,成为人们感知和认识目的地的重点对象.通过对标志景区概念及其主要特征的认知与界定,选取市场影响度、价值贡献度、旅游吸引度和其他因素作为一级指标因子和12个测量指标建立标志景区测度逻辑模型,运用AHP方法确定模型中各因子权重,建立标志景区计量模型.以广州作为案例,对候选标志景区测度值进行解析,广州重要标志景区有越秀公园、广州塔、陈家祠、中山纪念堂、白云山风景区、北京路步行街、黄花岗七十二烈士陵园、南越王博物馆.     

美国大学区域地理教育的发展与变迁--以亚洲地理教育为例

区域地理是地理学教育与研究的一个重要组成。在当今经济与环境的全球化过程中,对区域地理课程的需求有了明显上升。区域地理教育的重要性也引起了方面的重视。美国大学区域地理教育的发展与变迁主要受两方面的影响：一是地理教育在国民教育中的地位;二是某个区域在国际事务中的重要性以及与美国的关系。在过去３０年中,随着近年来亚洲经济的高速发展和它在国际中的地位日益提高,以及亚洲与美国贸易额的的迅速增长,亚洲地理课在     

Skills in Professional Geography: An Assessment of Workforce Needs and Expectations

This study compares the skills of professional geographers and the needs of employer organizations across major sectors of the U.S. workforce. Following a series of focus groups, two surveys were developed to explore: (1) the extent to which specific skills were performed by geographers in different professional positions, and (2) the value of and anticipated demand for those skills from the perspective of employers. Overall, respondents in the focus groups and both surveys emphasized the need for general skills ranging from time management and writing ability to information management and computer literacy. Employers also cited many geographic skills as being vital for enhancing the work of professionals in all types of organizations. Competency in field methods, the ability to work across disciplinary boundaries, and spatial thinking were three skill areas that characterized the work of geographic professionals irrespective of specialty.     

基于POI数据的大型零售商业设施空间布局与业态差异——以广州市为例

以广州市为例,基于大型零售商业设施POI（Point of Interest）数据,运用空间计量分析方法,对大型零售商业设施总体及不同业态的空间分布及其影响因素进行了探究。结果表明：总体上,大型零售商业设施空间分布呈现出由内向外扩散的多中心圈层式结构,沿交通干道生长和连片蔓延趋势明显,中心城区设施临近轨道交通分布指向性突出。不同业态分布差异明显,大型购物中心和商场主要分布在中心城区及外围城区次中心,大型综合超市由中心城区内部向边缘区域扩散趋势明显,大型专业店主要分布在中心城区的边缘区域。影响因素方面,人口、经济和租金因素对其总体分布影响显著为正。不同业态所受影响因素有所不同,除人口等传统影响因素外,与生活中心、产业园或专业市场的临近性也会分别对大型综合超市和大型专业店的空间分布造成显著影响。     

我国20世纪工业地理学的发展

我国工业地理学发轫于２０世纪初,在经历了启蒙和成长两个阶段后,终于成为经济地理学的一个重要分支学科。作为一门实证性学科,我国工业地理学面临国家工业化转型所带来的巨大挑战。为此,实现以政府主导布局的传统理论思维向以市场主导布局理论思维的转变强调空间扩散和空间重组的协调发展和现实布局实践的科学总结将 国工业地理学未来发展的三个最重要和最基本的方向和任务。     

商圈划分中多元市场域的界定与实证

对商业设施的商圈进行科学识别与划分是分析其商业前景、优化商业空间结构的基础。本研究首先提炼和界定了商圈划分的两种类型、四种市场域方法,分别是基于到访比例的邻近型与份额型市场域、基于出行概率的共享型和首位型市场域,通过比较其优劣发现这四种视角仅能反映商圈的某一特征,无法刻画出商圈空间分布全貌。据此,尝试提出了一种新的复合型市场域模型,并应用手机信令数据,以上海市商业中心为例,对其商圈划分进行了实证检验。研究发现：复合型市场域模型可以综合反映空间距离、客流规模和惠顾概率等要素对商圈的影响,可以弥补单一市场域视角下商圈划分方法的不足。与传统邻近型相比,基于复合市场域模型识别划分的商圈不仅重叠度低,而且其空间分布更加符合实际。