THE HIGHEST POSTGLACIAL SHORE LEVELS AND GLACIO‐ISOSTATIC UPLIFT PATTERN IN NORTHERN SWEDEN

The detailed clay varve chronology and an extensive knowledge of the highest postglacial shore level elevation (HS) in northern Sweden, along the Bothnian western coast, provides opportunities for determining the pattern of isostatic rise and centre of uplift from the early Holocene. The shore level of c. 10 100 cal yr bp (10 ka) for this area is determined by subtracting, from the metachronous HS elevations, the fall in relative sea level between local deglaciation time and the chosen reference time. The area of highest uplift since 10 ka is situated somewhat north of the location with the world‐record HS (Skuleberget in Ångermanland), but south of the area with most rapid current rise. Wave erosion marks in the studied area are seen to be more consistent indicators of HS than glaciofluvial delta levels. The gradients of shore marks at 10 ka are generally small within the investigation area. The regional 10 ka shore level pattern shows considerable irregularity compared to the current uplift. Central Sweden and western Finland show 10 ka gradients that indicate isostatic response to late (13–10 ka bp ) glacial unloading. Indications of a secondary uplift centre west of the present investigation area are reported in previous work; this also suggests rapid isostatic response to unloading. Finally, the possibility of identifying errors in the varve‐dated deglaciation chronology via the 10 ka shore level pattern is illustrated.     

西北太平洋热带气旋频数的变化及与海表温度的相关研究

本文根据西北太平洋近４６年（１９４９年～１９９４年）热带气旋和５°×５°经纬网格点月均海表温度系列资料,对西北太平洋热带气旋频数的时空变化及与海表温度之间可能存在的相关关系进行了系统的研究。结果表明：在西北太平洋海域,海表温度偏高对应热带气旋频数也偏多,在２０°Ｎ以北、１４０°Ｅ以西海域偏多趋势更为明显。进一步的相关计算显示,近２５年来（１９７０年～１９９４年）两者之间的各种相关以非线性（指数型）为最佳,以５年滑动平均代表的多年变化之间的相关性远远高于逐年变化,高度显著的相关出现在热带气旋频数多年变化滞后海表温度１年左右。     

辽宁海岸沙砾堤—潟湖体系沉积特征与全新世海面变化

辽宁海岸带,沙砾堤-潟湖体系沉积环境演化表明,冰后期由于气候变暖引起海平面上升,在9000aBP．左右海水开始侵入本区,8000—7000aBP．前的海平面约高于现海面1.5—2.5m。近5000年来,海面趋于下降过程中,并有波动和相对稳定时期。     

2012年南极长城站气象和海冰特征分析

基于中国第28次南极科学考察长城站越冬期间获取的常规气象和海冰观测资料,结合统计的1985—2010年气候值,对比分析了长城站2012年的气象及海冰特征。气象分析表明,该年平均气压和气温偏低,N—W风向频率显著偏低,E—SE风向频率显著偏高;雾日偏少,降雪量、吹雪及雪暴显著偏多;针对观测期间某些月份比较明显的气象要素和天气现象异常,从大气环流角度进行了分析解释。海冰观测表明,长城湾冰情变化受大气动力作用影响大,冰情稳定性差,外围海域海冰极不稳定,2012年4月至2012年11月冰情几经进退,先后交替出现3个完全冰冻和3个部分冰冻期。     

海平面上升对长江三角洲和苏北滨海平原海岸侵蚀的可能影响

本区海岸现有30％的岸段为侵蚀海岸,海平面上升将使海岸侵蚀加剧。海平面上升因素在海岸侵蚀诸因素中的比重较国外同类研究结论偏小,这与本区海岸的特殊演变原因有关。海平面上升通过潮流、波浪和风暴潮作用增强,海岸潮滩和湿地损失,岸滩消浪和抗冲能力减小等途径引起海岸侵蚀加剧。其结果是,侵蚀岸段扩大,淤涨岸段减少甚至转为侵蚀,潮间带宽度变窄,坡度加大,从而使沿岸海堤等挡潮工程的标准要相应提高。     

天津地区地面沉降及其对地理环境的影响

本文应用现代精密水准资料，结合地质、地震资料对天津及邻近地区地面沉降的发展、演化状况进行了深入研究，从动态观点初步探讨了由于地面沉降所造成的地理环境条件恶化和灾害问题。     

海平面上升对中国沿海重要工程设施与城市发展的可能影响

由于自然和人为双重因素作用，２１世纪前半期中国沿海平原地区相对海平面上升幅度可能达到全球平均值的２－３倍，由此将给沿海地区自然环境演变和社会经济发展带来一系列不利影响，本文分析了未来相对海平面上升５０ｃｍ对中国沿海重要的海岸防护、水利与港口码头工程以及城市供水、防洪与滨海旅游业的可能影响方式与程度。     

56 YEARS OF SOLIFLUCTION MEASUREMENTS IN THE ABISKO MOUNTAINS, NORTHERN SWEDEN – ANALYSIS OF TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL VARIATIONS OF SLOW SOIL SURFACE MOVEMENT

Solifluction movement rates from 1952 to 2008 for the Abisko region, northern Sweden, have been compiled and analysed through correlation tests and multiple regression. The temporal analysis is based on two datasets ( Lobe11 & gridAB and Line B ) from Kärkevagge. The dataset Lobe11 & gridAB show a strong correlation between movement rates and mean annual air temperature (MAAT) and MAAT is also identified as one of the significant contributing parameters in the multiple regression model. No significant correlations were found for the Line B dataset. The spatial analysis indicates generally higher movement rates in the western part of the region and at lower altitudes mainly between 700 and 900 m a.s.l., but the spatial variability is high. To reduce the influence of the temporal variation the data for the correlation tests of the spatial variations were divided into two parts: 1957 to 1980 and 1981 to 2008. The correlation analysis of the dataset 1957 to 1980 shows a significant negative correlation between annual average movement rates and permafrost probability and altitude. The dataset 1981 to 2008 shows a positive correlation between movement rates and wetness index. It is concluded that movement rates may increase with higher MAAT in the western part of the region (Kärkevagge), the spatial variability of movement rates within the region is very high and that altitude (and/or permafrost) together with wetness index are the main controls on the regional spatial variation. The study highlights the limitations in establishing statistical relationships between movement rates and climate using data from different field empirical studies.