海上风和温度的试报与诊断(英文)

应用二层模式和阻力定律诊断海上20m高度的风和温度场。应用边界层模式和数值天气预报模式实现试报。运用热输送定律计算海上温度,计算结果与实测比较令人相当满意。本文对相似参数的敏感性也作了检验。并指出应用斜压边界层模式的计算大于应用正压模式的结果。     

海洋数据挖掘技术应用研究

在研究中外数据挖掘技术在海洋应用的现状和进展的基础上,结合海洋数据特点及应用需求,提出了海洋数据挖掘技术应用模式,并介绍了基于计算机技术、数据库技术、GIS 技术的海洋数据挖掘应用系统的主要功能和系统架构.最后通过对赤潮预测的数据挖掘应用分析,验证了系统应用的科学合理性.     

Delaunay三角剖分在有限元预处理中的应用

随着计算机技术的广泛应用。有限元方法对预处理提出了更高的要求。如何实现自动网格划分,是一个重要的研究内容。以及怎样才能在有限元方法的应用中,使有限元计算更为快捷,资源利用率高,即如何实现最佳的有限元计算,是应用的关键问题。该文讨论并分析了Delaunay三角剖分在有限元预处理中的应用特点。     

椭圆余弦波理论研究工作的进展

精确地描述近岸波浪运动有着重大的意义,随着计算机技术的发展,椭圆余弦波理论已广泛地应用到研究近岸波浪运动特性、泥沙输移等方面。本文将综述近年来椭圆余弦波理论研究工作的进展,简评其数值计算的几种方法和应用方面的一些研究成果。     

海洋环流模式NEMO的代码现代化

海洋数值模式是精准海洋环境预报的核心手段.随着计算分辨率的不断提高,海洋数值模式对计算性能的要求也越来越高.为了提高模式计算性能,充分发挥现代计算机的特点,选取海洋环流模式NEMO开展了代码现代化优化方案在海洋环流模式中的应用研究.首先使用Intel性能分析工具对模式的计算性能进行了分析;随后,针对热点函数,开展了编译...     

风暴潮三维数值计算模式的研究及在渤海湾的应用

以实验室二维温带风暴潮数值模型为基础,综合考虑海洋潮波动力与风应力联合作用,建立温带风暴潮三维数值计算模型.模型从推导三维风暴潮基本控制方程出发,并应用交替方向隐格式(ADI)方法对方程进行离散求解.对于浅水动边界,模型采取局部深槽、缩小水域的活动边界处理方法.利用拟三维数值计算方法,并提出了非平面水深等分模式和平面等水深分布模式,应用这两种计算模式分别对渤海湾2009年5月8～10日发生的风暴潮过程进行了数值模拟.将风暴潮位计算结果和增水位计算结果与塘沽验潮站的实际观测数值进行对比验证,结果显示受风应力与潮波联合作用的风暴潮位和增水位与实测数据吻合良好;通过比较得到了平面等水深分布模式的计算成果要比非平面水深等分模式的计算成果更接近观测资料的结论,为风暴潮预报提供了理论依据.     

台湾海峡及其邻近海域渔业资源的管理

应用Ｓｃｈａｅｆｅｒ和Ｆｏｘ剩余产量模式及其由此衍生的生物经济模式和Ｇｕｌｌａｎｄ最适产量Ｙ０．１模式,分别估算了台湾海峡及其邻近海域渔业资源的最大持续产量、最大持续捕捞力量,并对各模式计算的诸项经济指标进行比较,讨论了渔业管理方案,确定了近期适合国情,并对各模式计算的诸项经济指标进行比较,讨论了渔管理方案,确定了近期适合国情、省情的管理目标。     

不规则波对平板护面单坡堤的波压力试验研究

通过模型试验和资料统计分析，选取了计算不规则波作用在平板护面单坡堤上的波压力计算模式及其沿斜坡的压强分布计算方法。应用本文所提供的换算系数，可求得各累积频率的波压力     

太湖台风风暴流准三维数值模拟的应用

本文应用丁氏圆形台风模式，建立了太湖台风风暴流场的准三维数值模式，模型考虑了垂向涡粘系数沿水深变化和动量方程的修正，在对9711号（Winnie)台风影响下太湖各站水位验证的基础上，对太湖台风风暴流场进行了模拟计算。结果表明，该模式可对湖泊的台风风暴流进行复演和预测计算。从预测研究的角度看，基于台风模式的湖泊台风风暴流计算模式更有价值。     

渤海三维潮流数值模拟

本模型以具有自由面的三维非线性Navier-Stokes方程为基本方程,经σ坐标变换得到模式方程。基于过程分裂法,将三维流动中的快过程与慢过程劈开,并对每部分选用适合其物理特性和数值行为的计算格式,然后耦联求解。 应用本模型详细计算了渤海的三维潮运动。其中,潮波系统模拟获得理想的结果;采用十层模式计算了M_2潮流,以较高的分辨率揭示了潮流的空间结构特征。最后本文给出了三维潮流预报的应用实例。     

Model of the post-Cenozoic evolution of the cryolithozone of the shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea

The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level.     

Investigation of the mechanism of the long-term evolution of the carbon cycle in the ecosystem of the Sevastopol bay

We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability.     

Contemporary state of the investigation of the influence of the discharge of rivers on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea

We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic regime of the sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

Modelling of the ecosystem of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube

We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the shelf zone and open sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

Dynamics of the ice cover and peculiarities of the ice transportation of the sediments at the tidal flats of the Kandalaksha Gulf of the White Sea

Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m³ from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m³ on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area.     

Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east

A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state.     

Variability of the nutrient runoff of the rivers of the Arctic Basin

The spatiotemporal variability of the hydrochemical composition of the riverine runoff in nearmouth areas is presented using the example of selected rivers of the Arctic Basin. The temporal dynamics of the riverine nutrient runoff are mainly determined by the seasonal and interseasonal variations in the drainage basins. The spatial variations in the chemical composition of riverine waters in the near-mouth areas are mainly caused by the dynamics of the water flow and the river bed relief and, to a lesser degree, by biochemical processes. It is shown that the variations in the nutrient composition of the waters in near-mouth areas are comparable in magnitude to those at the river-sea geochemical barriers.     

Parameters of the sediments of the deep-water basin of the Black Sea

The methodology and the first results of the computations of the volumes, masses, and growth rates of the sedimentary body of the buried Black Sea basin are presented. Their temporal evolution reflects the regional paleogeodynamics, in particular, the reorientation of the vector of the relative movement of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates and the related intensification of their collision in the late Miocene-Pliocene.     

Modelling of the ecosystem on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea

Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov.     

Evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea

The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates.