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现有对超短基线水声定位系统的误差研究多集中在静态领域,鲜有文献对其动态误差进行研究。 以 GAPS 作为主要试验设备对超短基线水声定位系统的动态误差进行了相关研究,提出了一种超短基线水声定位系统动态定位误差测试方法。使用圆概率误差半径进行度量,并通过湖上实验对 GAPS 的动态误差进行了测算,为水下定位系统校准/标定方法的研究奠定了重要基础。 相似文献
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基于测距定向原理的超短基线定位系统具有集成度高、操作简便的优势,但在缺少多余观测量的动态定位环境下,受外围传感器的可靠性和水声信号的传播特性的影响,超短基线定位结果中经常出现超出定位精度要求的粗差。为抑制粗差对定位精度的影响,本文提出了采用抗差卡尔曼滤波处理超短基线水下定位数据中的粗差,重点对比分析了目前国际上经典的Huber、IGG1、IGG3等价权函数的抗差滤波效果。利用Sonardyne Ranger 2超短基线采集的数据进行实验分析,实验结果表明,经典卡尔曼滤波受粗差影响严重,采用IGG系列权函数的抗差卡尔曼滤波方法可以有效降低粗差影响。 相似文献
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作为水下探测设备的载体,深拖系统可长时间大范围的进行海洋调查,其水下位置的准确与否,将直接关系到探测资料的可用度。该文从深拖水下导航定位的关键技术问题出发,总结了适用于深拖系统的水下定位方法,重点介绍了具备高稳定度、高精度等诸多优点的超短基线声学定位系统。结合实例,阐述了超短基线定位工作原理、误差分析及数据处理方法,在拖曳系统匀速直线运动状态下,基于抗差自适应卡尔曼滤波算法对超短基线定位数据进行了处理,滤除了定位数据中的跳点,得到了较平滑且与原始数据相吻合的滤波数据。 相似文献
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针对浅水水域水声信号多途效应导致信道衰落,真实时延信号获取难度大的问题,研制了一种适用于浅水定位的超短基线装置,并提出一种附有约束条件的互相关时延估计方法。采用脉冲挑选和时延差相位修正方法对目标轨迹进行精确跟踪定位,某湖试实验结果表明,该方法的定位轨迹光滑稳定,野点少,定位精度高。 相似文献
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超短基线是实现水下拖体设备精确导航定位的必备设备,是目前我国在国际海底区域进行资源深入调查研究的重要装备。受水声信号传播损失、多径效应和其它设备噪声等因素的影响,超短基线水下定位数据存在诸多异常点,已严重影响水下定位数据的可信度和使用。针对该问题,本文提出并实现了一种基于相关性分析的剔除随机异常点和回归填充改正算法,并采用国际海底区域实测水下定位数据对算法可靠性进行了验证,同时采用模拟仿真方法对小时间尺度的定位数据进行了预测对比,取得较好效果。结果表明,该算法快捷、有效,有望在后续国际海底区域调查中推广应用,为国际海底资源调查水下装备的准确定位提供直接服务。 相似文献
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Hydrothermal plume is an important constituent of seabed hydrothermal circulation and is also one of the characteristics of active hydrothermal vents. Portable Miniature Autonomous Plume Recorders (MAPR) attached to a towed deep-sea instrument was used to search for hydrothermal plumes and hydrothermal vents. We introduced the basic principle of MAPR based on deep towing technology to detect plumes, then analyzed the factors affecting the quality of the MAPR data and presented a data correction method for MAPR, including instrument location correction, noise reduction processing, system error elimination and seawater background reduction. Finally we applied the method to analyze MAPR data obtained during the Chinese DY115-21 cruise on R/VDayang Iin the “Precious Stone Mountain” hydrothermal field on the Gala-pagos Microplate. The results provided a better understanding of the distribution of the hydrothermal activ-ity in this field, indicating the presence of a new hydrothermal vent. 相似文献
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Yu. A. Bogdanov A. Yu. Lein V. V. Maslennikov Syaoli Li A. A. Ul’yanov 《Oceanology》2008,48(5):679-700
A representative collection of hydrothermal sediments was sampled practically from all the hydrothermal mounds of the Broken Spur hydrothermal vent field from the Mir manned submersibles during three cruises of R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh. Mineral associations characteristic of different morphological types of sulfide ores from hydrothermal pipes, plates, and diffusers are assessed. Particular attention is paid to the distribution of minor elements and their distribution patterns determined by the mineralogical zonation. The measured isotopic value of the sulfur in the sulfide minerals appeared to vary from 0.4 to 5.2‰, which indicates their similarity with the ores from the Snake Pit vent field and is related to the dilution of hot ore-bearing solutions by seawater and reduction of the water sulfate ions to H2S with a heavy isotopic composition. 相似文献
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Weifang Yang Chunhui Tao Shili Liao Jin Liang Wei Li Teng Ding ágata Alveirinho Dias Xuefeng Wang Lisheng Wang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2023,(11):59-68
The Yuhuang hydrothermal field(YHF) is located between the Indomed and Gallieni fracture zones near the top of the off-axis slope on the south rift wall of Segment 29 on the ultraslow Southwest Indian Ridge(SWIR). Previous studies have shown that sulfides in the YHF formed during different mineralization episodes and the YHF has the greatest potential for the formation of large-scale seafloor massive sulfide deposits. However, the sulfide chronology and hydrothermal activity of the YHF remain po... 相似文献
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对新近(2014年)采自冲绳海槽南部Yonaguni Knoll IV热液活动区和中部伊平屋热液活动区的金属硫化物样品分别进行了X射线荧光光谱(XRF)和等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)分析,旨在通过对比分析两个热液活动区金属硫化物的元素地球化学特征,探讨两个不同热液活动区成矿元素的富集规律、热液成矿的作用过程及其区域差异。研究结果表明:在冲绳海槽中部和南部热液区分布有两种金属硫化物,分别为富Fe-Zn型硫化物和Ba-Zn-Pb型硫化物(+硫酸盐);相较于大洋中脊和其它弧后盆地的热液硫化物,研究区硫化物中Pb的含量明显较高,而Cu和Fe的含量相对较低,这与冲绳海槽存在较厚的沉积盖层有关;无论是常量元素、微量元素、还是稀土元素(REE),其含量和相关的特征值都变化较大,表明研究区热液硫化物形成于不同的热液成矿阶段;富Fe-Zn型硫化物是在高温热液活动阶段形成的,而Ba-Zn-Pb型硫化物(+硫酸盐)则形成于热液喷出海底与海水混合的过程中,成矿温度较低;即使在同一热液活动区,成矿环境也有较大变化,主要表现在成矿温度的波动上;研究区热液硫化物中REE的配分模式特征表明硫化物中REE的物源相同,但经历的过程(REE的迁移和富集)有所不同,反映了热液硫化物形成于不同的热液成矿阶段;热液成矿作用存在区域性差异,海槽南部的成矿温度较中部低,成矿物质来源方面,南部热液区硫化物的Pb含量较中部高,表明其成矿物质可能部分来源于沉积物。 相似文献
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Chunhui Tao Tao Wu Cai Liu Huaiming Li Jinhui Zhang 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2017,38(1-2):17-25
Near-bottom magnetic prospecting, which provides useful information to study shallow geological structures, is an efficient method for investigating active and inactive hydrothermal fields and researching the structure of hydrothermal systems. We collected near-bottom magnetic data in the Longqi hydrothermal area on the Southwest Indian Ridge using the Autonomous Benthic Explorer in 2007 and set up a processing system for magnetic data calibration. By removing the influence of terrain on magnetic anomalies and using the intensity of the spatial differential vector (ISDV) method, we inferred the presence of an N–S-trending fault and estimated its crush zone to be about 120 m wide and >2 km long along the known hydrothermal vents. This inferred fault is consistent with the precise topography mapped during the ABE 201 dive. The fault may be connected to a known detachment fault and form part of a hydrothermal channel. We delineated the hydrothermal alteration zone using the ISDV method and conclude that demagnetization was induced by hydrothermal alteration. 相似文献
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西南印度洋洋中脊热液A区海底地震仪数据处理初步成果 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在西南印度洋热液活动A区(49°39′E)开展的三维海底地震仪(OBS)探测实验为研究该区域的深部地壳/上地幔结构提供了重要基础,而OBS数据处理是获取研究区三维速度结构的基础环节。文章介绍了此次实验中所用的3种不同类型OBS(国产、法国和德国OBS)的数据处理流程,包括地震数据解编处理、截裁处理和地震信号的可视化处理;并以第2790炮为例分析了3种类型OBS记录数据的波形和频谱特征。结果表明,由于受不同类型OBS的频带、传感器和拾震器等影响,国产与法国OBS都能记录到长周期和短周期噪音,而德国OBS只记录到短周期噪音;但经带通滤波后,3种类型OBS都能够很好地压制噪音,突出有用的气枪信号;对比3种类型OBS(分别以OBS04、OBS08和OBS23为例)沿主测线X1X2的综合记录剖面,发现3种类型OBS都能够记录到多组清晰可靠的P波震相,如直达水波、Pg、PmP和Pn震相,为下一步A区的三维层析成像奠定了坚实数据基础。 相似文献
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利用应力场预测热液区域——以TAG区为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文根据TAG区的钻探资料及岩心测试结果,建立了双层地质模型,在此基础上利用ANSYS应力软件并结合TAG热液区的地形数据对该区进行应力模拟。结果表明:热液喷口区域与最大水平应力低值区有较好的对应关系。其中仍处于活动状态的TAG丘状体区呈现明显的局部最大水平应力低值;而已经停止活动并且不具有典型喷口地形的MIR丘状体区域则处于最大水平应力的非封闭低值区域。据此,本文在TAG丘状体区域圈定了5个喷口可能区域,钻探结果揭示区内存在较好的矿化和蚀变现象,表明应力场预测法可能是一种有效的成矿预测方法。 相似文献
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西南印度洋63.5°E热液区是在超慢速扩张洋脊发现的首个超镁铁质岩热液系统。对取自该区的热液硫化物样品进行了系统的矿物学和地球化学分析,矿物学分析结果表明:该热液区硫化物为富Fe型高温硫化物,且经历了较深程度的氧化蚀变,大量中间态的Fe氧化物充填在硫化物矿物间的孔隙及内部解理中;这些硫化物相以白铁矿为主,其次是等轴古巴矿和少量铜蓝,缺乏黄铁矿、闪锌矿。据推断,该区的热液成矿作用分为4个阶段:低温白铁矿阶段→高温等轴古巴矿阶段→自形白铁矿阶段→后期海底风化阶段(少量铜蓝以及大量的Fe的羟氧化物)。与之相对应,地球化学分析结果表明这些硫化物的Fe含量较高(31.57%~44.59%),Cu含量次之(0.16%~7.24%),而Zn含量普遍较低(0.01%~0.11%);微量元素较为富集Co(328×10-6~2 400×10-6)和Mn(48.5×10-6~1 730×10-6)。该区硫化物中较高含量的Fe、Co与超镁铁质岩热液系统相似,明显高于镁铁质岩热液系统。独特的热液硫化物矿物学特征和元素组成可能与该区普遍出露的地幔岩、橄榄岩蛇纹石化作用以及拆离断层的广泛发育的环境有关。 相似文献
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The stress state and rock mechanical properties govern the growth of faults and fractures, which constitute shallow hydrothermal pathways and control the distribution of seafloor massive sulfide (SMS) mounds in the seafloor hydrothermal field. The stress field has an important influence on the formation and persistence of hydrothermal pathways. Based on multibeam bathymetric data from the Trans-Atlantic Geotraverse (TAG) field, we establish two three-dimensional geological models with different scales to simulate the stress field, which investigate the characteristics of hydrothermal pathways and associated SMS mounds. The simulation results show that oblique faults and fissures form in the tensile stress zone and that mounds, including active and inactive hydrothermal mounds form in the compressive stress zone. Fault activity, which is related to the stress field, affects the opening and closing of hydrothermal channels and changes the permeability structure of subseafloor wall rock. Therefore, the stress field controls the development and persistence of shallow hydrothermal pathways. The features of shallow hydrothermal pathways in the stress field can provide geomechanical information that is useful for identifying favorable zone for SMS deposit formation. 相似文献