Authigenic Carbonates from Holocene Sediments of Lake Itkul (South of West Siberia) as Indicators of Climate Changes

Doklady Earth Sciences - The results of this study on carbonate-containing bottom sediments of the shallow brackish Lake Itkul, West Siberia, are presented. The study methods applied included X-ray...     

Holocene Climate Inferred from Oxygen Isotope Ratios in Lake Sediments, Central Brooks Range, Alaska

Analyses of sediment cores from two lakes in the central Brooks Range provide temperature and moisture balance information for the past 8500 cal yr at century-scale resolution. Two methods of oxygen isotope analysis are used to reconstruct past changes in the effective moisture (precipitation minus evaporation) and temperature. Effective moisture is inferred from oxygen isotope ratios in sediment cellulose from Meli Lake (area 0.13 km², depth 19.4 m). The lake has a low watershed-to-lake-area ratio (7) and significant evaporation relative to input. Summer temperature shifts are based on oxygen isotope analyses of endogenic calcite from Tangled Up Lake (area 0.25 km², depth 3.5 m). This basin has a larger watershed-to-lake-area ratio (91) and less evaporation relative to input. Sediment oxygen isotope analyses from the two sites indicate generally more arid conditions than present prior to 6000 cal yr B.P. Subsequently, the region became increasingly wet. Temperature variability is recorded minimally at centennial scale resolution with values that are generally cool for the past 6700 cal yr. The timing and direction of climate variability indicated by the oxygen isotope time series from Meli and Tangled Up lakes are consistent with previously established late Holocene glacier advances at 5000 cal yr B.P. in the central Brooks Range, and high lake-levels at Birch Lake since 5500 cal yr B.P. This unique use of oxygen isotopes reveals both moisture balance and temperature histories at previously undetected high-resolution temporal scales for northern Alaska during the middle to late Holocene.     

Reconstruction of Environmental Changes in Western Siberia: Evidence from the Diatom Complexes of Lake Sediments

Doklady Earth Sciences - The information content of lake sediments in Western Siberia for reconstruction of the latest environmental and climatic changes was evaluated. The possibility of reliable...     

Holocene Vegetation and Climate Changes in the Huangqihai Lake Region, Inner Mongolia

A consensus on Holocene climate variability at the modern northern fringe of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) region remains elusive. Here, we present a pollen-based reconstruction of vegetation history and associated climate variations of a sediment core from Huangqihai Lake, central Inner Mongolia. During 10.7 to 8.8 cal kaBP, typical steppe with small patches of forest dominated the lake area, suggesting a moderately wet climate, followed by ameliorating climatic conditions until 8.0 cal kaBP as deduced by the expansion of forest. Typical steppe recovered the lake area between 8.0 and 7.2 cal kaBP, reflecting a deterioration of climatic conditions; in combination with other proxy records in the study region, we noticed that severe aridity was prevailed in the lake area between 8.0 and 7.6 cal kaBP. During 7.2 to 3.2 cal kaBP, abundant tree pollen indicated dominance of forest-steppe around the lake, marking regionally wet conditions. A notable absence of broadleaved trees after 5.2 cal kaBP reveals a slight drying trend, and climate deterioration from 4.5 to 4.1 cal kaBP might be linked to the 4.2 ka event. After 3.2 cal kaBP, a transition to steppe was associated with dry conditions in the region. Based on our pollen record and prior paleoclimatic reconstructions in the Huangqihai Lake region, there was a generally-accepted, stepwise shift to a wet climate during the early Holocene, an overall humid climate from 7.2 to 3.2 cal kaBP, and then severe drought for the rest of the Holocene. Moreover, regional comparisons among pollen records derived from lakes situated in the temperate steppe region suggested a roughly synchronous pattern of vegetation and climate changes during the Holocene and demonstrated an intensified EASM during the middle Holocene.     

全新世以来岱海盆地植被演替和气候变化的孢粉学证据

岱海盆地99A孔11.01 m以上地层较高分辨率的孢粉分析揭示了该区12 000 cal a BP以来的植被演替和气候变化. 早全新世时期, 岱海盆地受冬季风影响强烈, 气候波动以冷湿、暖干为主, 12 000～11 000 cal a BP为以白桦林为主的森林草原植被, 气候寒凉湿润; 11 000～7 900 cal a BP白桦林退缩, 气候温干; 中全新世时, 主要受控于夏季风影响下, 气候波动以冷干、暖湿为主, 7 900～4 450 cal a BP是岱海盆地森林植被发育最好的时期, 气候温暖湿润, 4 450～2 900 cal a BP森林开始退缩, 气候温干; 2 900～0 cal a BP在气候变凉干和人类活动的影响下, 森林植被几近消失.     

内蒙古黄旗海全新世中晚期环境演变的沉积记录

通过对内蒙古中部黄旗海湖泊沉积特征、粒度及孢粉组合等指标的综合分析,重建了该地区全新世中晚期以来的环境变化过程,将黄旗海4360 a BP以来气候环境变化分为7个阶段,其中有三次显著的干冷事件分别发生在2400~2140 a BP,1510~1270 a BP和590~280 a BP期间;三次较温暖湿润时期为3840~2400 a BP,2140~1510 a BP,1270~590 a BP。与区域上全新世晚期以来的环境演变过程基本一致。     

Lake Shira Level Changes in Late Holocene

正1 Introduction Meromictic Shira Lake is a good represfor detail climate modeling due to its locainformation and annually laminated bottomsediment column of 155 cm in length wahammer corer in the deepest(24 m)central in 2009.2 Sample Preparations and Measuring     

早全新世降温事件的湖泊沉积证据

我国华北干旱－半干旱区封闭湖泊流域化学风化历史记录了全新世以来次级的气候环境波动过程。高精度的沉积物地球化学、物理及生物参数变化表明，在全新世早－中期过渡阶段存在一次强降温气候事件，具体表现为流域化学风化减弱（高Rb/Sr比）、湖泊产生力减弱（低有机碳）以及湖泊水位下降。虽然该事件的寒冷程度比Younger Dryas弱，但是其与来自湖沼（包括北极、非洲、北美、西欧、青藏高原、祁连山等）、海洋（比北大西洋、地中海、加勒比海等）、欧－美大陆生物组合、极地冰芯等在内的环境记录的冷事件发生时间基本一致，集中发生于8.0-8.5ka B.P.之间。     

Palaeoclihlatic Indicators of China's Quaternary Saline Lake Sediments and Hydrochemistry

In this paper the authors classify saline lake sediments into the cold, warm and eurythermal phases, reveal the consistency between the zoning of hydrochemical types of modern saline lake water and climatic zoning and give climatic parameters under the conditions of typical cold phase (mirabilite and natron), warm phase (thenar-dite) and slightly warm phase (bloedite) saline lake deposition.     

Palaeoclimatic Indicators of China's Quaternary Saline Lake Sediments and Hydrochemistry

In this paper the authors classify saline lake sediments into the cold, warm and eurythermal phases, reveal the consistency between the zoning of hydrochemical types of modern saline lake water and climatic zoning and give climatic parameters under the conditions of typical cold phase (mirabilite and natron), warm phase (thenardite) and slightly warm phase (bloedite) saline lake deposition.     

云贵高原湖泊沉积物中的色氨酸及其地球化学行为

利用碱性水解—高效液相色谱联用技术测定了云贵高原四个湖泊沉积物中色氨酸的含量。讨论了色氧酸的早期成岩作用并与其它氨基酸进行比较。利用优化的碱性水解条件(120℃、4．2MNaOH溶液中水解20h)分析沉积物中的色氧酸含量,回收率达93％。实验结果显示,在所研究的四个湖泊沉积物中,色氨酸只是一种微量氨基酸组分,浓度为0．15～2．66μmol／g,占总可水解态氨基酸的0．17％～9．18%。色氨酸的相对摩尔百分含量随沉积深度的增加呈上升趋势,与其它两种芳香性氨基酸酪氨酸和苯丙氨酸的变化趋势相反,揭示了芳香性氨基酸在早期成岩过程中的地球化学行为。研究结果还表明,色氨酸在沉枳物早期成岩过程中被硅藻细胞壁选择性保存。     

Palaeoclihlatic Indicators of China's Quaternary Saline Lake Sediments and Hydrochemistry

In this paper the authors classify saline lake sediments into the cold, warm and eurythermal phases, reveal the consistency between the zoning of hydrochemical types of modern saline lake water and climatic zoning and give climatic parameters under the conditions of typical cold phase (mirabilite and natron), warm phase (thenar-dite) and slightly warm phase (bloedite) saline lake deposition.     

中国西部全新世历史气侯的变化

本文在收集冰川、地质、沙漠、湖泊、树木年轮及历史文献记载等历史气候研究成果的基础上,给出了我国西部全新世以来气候变化序列。主要结果如下:1.全新世气候变化的总趋势按其演变可分为三个阶段。由中全新世向晚全新世的转变可能出现在3500年以前,比我国东部大约早500年,同时发现这种转变具有某种程度的突变性。2.全新世以来,千年尺度的气候振荡经历了6个寒冷期和5个温暖期。寒冷期分别在8700～7500a.B.P,5900～5400a.B.P,4200～3800a.B.P,3000～2700a.B.P,2000～1400a.B.P,1000a.B.P至今;温暖期分别为7500～5900a.B.P,5400～4200a.B.P,3800～3000a.B.P,2700～2000a.B.P,1400～1000a.B.P。千年尺度气候振荡的周期变化在1000～3000年之间。3.近千年来,百年尺度气候振荡的温度变化出现了6个低温期和5个高温期。低温谷值分别在公元1100's(1100～1109年),1310's,1480's,1680's,1830's,1950's;高温峰值分别在公元1220's,1390's,1570's,1780's,1900's,变化周期在120～210年之间。近千年中最冷的时期出现在17世纪中到18世纪初。近500年来,公元1480～1650年是我国西部降水最少、干旱频率最高的时期,出现了三次特大旱灾。18世纪前期是降水量较多的时期。近百年来,我国西北地区东部及华北地区出现了变干的趋势。     

全新世大暖期中国湖泊碳埋藏速率初步研究

近年来的研究表明湖泊沉积物中埋藏了大量碳,是个不容忽视的碳汇[1～11],在区域乃至全球碳循环中发挥着重要作用。在未来全球平均温度增加1～2℃的情景下,湖泊沉积物碳埋藏潜力将如何变化值得关注[1].     

Composition and Flux of Holocene Sediments on the Eastern Laptev Sea Shelf, Arctic Siberia

A 467-cm-long core from the inner shelf of the eastern Laptev Sea provides a depositional history since 9400 cal yr. B.P. The history involves temporal changes in the fluvial runoff as well as postglacial sea-level rise and southward retreat of the coastline. Although the core contains marine fossils back to 8900 cal yr B.P., abundant plant debris in a sandy facies low in the core shows that a river influenced the study site until 8100 cal yr B.P. As sea level rose and the distance to the coast increased, this riverine influence diminished gradually and the sediment type changed, by 7400 cal yr B.P., from sandy silt to clayey silt. Although total sediment input decreased in a step-like fashion from 7600 to 4000 cal yr B.P., this interval had the highest average sedimentation rates and the greatest fluxes in most sedimentary components. While this maximum probably resulted from middle Holocene climate warming, the low input of sand to the site after 7400 cal yr B.P. probably resulted from further southward retreat of the coastline and river mouth. Since about 4000 cal yr B.P., total sediment flux has remained rather constant in this part of the Laptev Sea shelf due to a gradual stabilization of the depositional regime after completion of the Holocene sea-level rise.     

基于扫描电镜分析的猪野泽全新世砂层成因探讨

猪野泽全新世沉积物剖面中存在砂层和灰绿色湖相沉积层相间分布的现象。本研究对猪野泽QTH01、QTH02剖面砂层的石英砂样品进行扫描电镜分析,且与古湖泊岸堤和现代沙丘砂样做了对比,探讨了猪野泽全新世剖面中部和底部砂层的成因。研究发现,猪野泽QTH01、QTH02剖面样品中大部分石英砂兼具风成结构和水成结构,且水成特征大都覆盖于风成特征之上,V型坑分布频率相对较小,磨圆度特征与现代沙丘样品较为相似,与岸堤石英砂具有相似的结构特征,但剖面砂层不具岸堤典型的斜纹层理。结果说明,猪野泽砂层先经历了风成环境,后期转向湖相沉积,也有少部分砂是通过河流沉积于剖面位置;剖面砂层与岸堤砂层的成因相似,但剖面所在位置并非湖泊岸堤;剖面砂层形成时期风沙活动强烈,湖泊水动力条件稳定,河流对湖泊影响较小。     

西藏纳木错及邻区全新世气候与环境变化的地质记录

综合分析了全新世期间内的多种与气候和环境变化密切相关的地质记录,结果表明该区全新世期间的气候变化可划分为3个阶段:1)约11.8～8.4kaBP期间,处于微温期和升温期,气候相对温和稍湿.2)8.4～4.0kaBP期间,为全新世气候最适宜时期或大暖期.该期间的平均气温可能比现今高约5℃,降水量比今多100～200mm.3)4.0kaBP以来,气候整体较为干冷.纳木错湖面发生持续下降,其最大下降幅度可达11.4m.冰川进退和湖面波动表明,该期间内的气候波动过程分别与新冰期和小冰期相对应,其中又各包含了3次明显的冷期,其中新冰期期间的最低年平均气温可达-6℃左右.约1970年以来,区域气候向暖湿方向转化,造成念青唐古拉山西布冰川后退约120～200m,纳木错湖面上涨了约2m.     

Lipid Biomarkers of Bottom Sediments in Gusinoe Lake (Lake Baikal Basin) as Indicators for Lake Sedimentogenesis Paleoreconstruction

Doklady Earth Sciences - Small lakes, being less stable systems as compared to large lakes, are sensitive to climate variations and are characterized by high sedimentation rates, and thus, they...