陆丰南地区断拗转换界面厘定及其地质意义

珠江口盆地经历裂陷阶段向拗陷阶段的转变，同期沉积地层记录了该构造变革和沉积演化过程，为厘定断拗转换界面提供了可能。基于地震反射、沉积旋回特征，识别出陆丰南地区恩平组内部存在全区可追踪对比的构造沉积转换面——T72界面，也是区分上下恩平组界面。对陆丰13洼洼间隆钻井LFA开展上下恩平组碎屑锆石U- Pb 定年、重矿物组分、元素分析，提出恩平组T72界面上下地层物源体系发生转变。结合区域沉积充填特征，表明陆丰南地区T72界面为断- 拗转换界面。具体表现为：下恩平组沉积期湖盆继承文昌期裂陷盆地特征，湖盆水体较深，物源主要为盆地内部的中生代基底凸起，沉积层序明显受盆内低凸起控制，在盆内低凸起四周发育一系列近源的辫状河三角洲，井区主要接受来自惠陆低凸起物源;上恩平组沉积期间，湖盆进入断拗过渡期，湖盆扩大、水体变浅，盆内低凸起四周的断裂活动减弱，沉积层序逐渐向盆内低凸起超覆，盆外太古宙—古生代物源组分供给不断加强，近源的三角洲砂体逐渐向远源的浅水三角洲砂体转化，同时发育宽广的滨浅湖环境，原供给物源的惠陆低凸起为水体淹没，井区接受了北部隆起外的物源。     

松辽盆地嫩江组层序构型及其沉积演化

松辽盆地上白垩统嫩江组是第二个湖泛期形成的一套退积-进积型地层,根据发育的构造不整合、沉积不整合、湖泛面及水退面等11个层序界面的发育特征,将嫩江组划分为1个二级层序、2个三级层序和10个四级层序,在四级层序格架内恢复了沉积充填演化史。嫩江组一段沉积时期是盆地第二次湖侵期,随着湖盆水域不断扩大,在地层顶部形成SB07最大湖泛面,由此形成了嫩江组一段以低角度退积型三角洲沉积为特征的退积型层序,同时在三角洲前缘发育大型的浊积水道及浊积扇。嫩江组二段到五段沉积时期,由于盆地东部抬升,形成了一系列由东向西高角度进积型三角洲为沉积特征的进积型层序,同时由于三角洲前缘斜坡发生滑塌, 在其前部湖相区形成一系列呈南北向排列的滑塌浊积扇体。退积型与进积型层序控制的沉积体系区别是物源方向发生了90°转变,而进积型层序结构及沉积特征也表明嫩江组二段底部油页岩是在湖盆萎缩过程中逐渐形成的,不是在最大湖泛期由于海水侵入形成的。     

辽西凹陷北洼沙河街组沉积层序结构与有利砂体分布

综合地震、测井及岩心等资料表明,辽西凹陷北洼古近系沙河街组存在完整的地层序列,其可划分为5个三级层序.沙一段和沙二段之间不存在不整合层序界面;SQs3-1(沙三上段)在相对隆起区遭受剥蚀,但在坳陷带内发育完整.沙河街组发育的主要沉积体系包括扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、近岸水下扇、滨浅湖滩坝等,其分布受到了同沉积断裂、次级古隆起、古坳陷分布的制约.研究区内有利的储集体包括分布于古隆起边缘低位体系域的砂体、洼陷中部的深水重力流砂体、古隆起高部位的碳酸盐岩等.它们与下部沙三段发育的大套暗色泥岩及上覆的沙一段泥质层可形成良好的生储盖组合,并在古隆起边缘、次级洼陷带、断裂坡折带及缓坡边缘形成岩性地层圈闭.      

黑龙江依兰盆地古近系煤与油页岩共生特点及层序地层格架

黑龙江依兰盆地是我国典型的煤与油页岩共生盆地,通过对盆地古近系达连河组层序地层格架下煤与油页岩共生特征进行研究,识别出四种煤与油页岩共生组合,即煤层／油页岩／煤层组合、油页岩／煤层／油页岩组合、油页岩／其它沉积腺层组合及油页岩／煤层组合。将达连河组划分为一个三级层序,其内部可以识别出4个体系域：低水位体系域（LST）沉积期,在地势低洼处发育厚度不大、分布局限的油页岩,向隆起区尖灭;湖扩张体系域（EST）沉积期,4种煤与油页岩共生组合均有发育;湖扩张体系域从早期到晚期、从滨湖到湖中心,共生组合中煤层厚度逐渐减小,油页岩厚度逐渐增大;早期高水位体系域（EHST）沉积期,主要发育厚度巨大、分布稳定的油页岩;晚期高水位体系域（LHST）不发育煤层和油页岩。可容空间增加速率与沉积物堆积速率的相关关系控制了煤、油页岩的发育和相互转换。     

珠江口盆地惠州25转换带文昌组五段早期低位体系域源—渠—汇耦合关系及勘探潜力探讨

基于地震和钻井资料,利用层序地层学及源—渠—汇分析技术,探讨了惠州25转换带文五段早期低位体系域发育背景及源—渠—汇沉积充填模式,并对勘探潜力进行分析。结果表明:1）惠州25转换带文五段具有三级层序属性,依据初始湖泛面和最大湖泛面特征,将文五段进一步划分出低位体系域和湖侵体系域;2）综合分析文五段早期低位体系域沉积的源—渠—汇耦合关系,将低位体系域划分为惠州5-4沉积区、惠州5-7A沉积区和惠州5-7B沉积区:惠州5-4沉积区低位体系域规模最大,以文六段滩坝相砂体和辫状河三角洲前缘亚相砂体为母岩,经3号沟谷搬运入湖形成辫状河三角洲前缘沉积,具有高成分成熟度和结构成熟度特征;惠州5-7A沉积区低位体系域规模最小,以文六段辫状河三角洲前缘亚相砂体提供母岩,搬运入湖形成辫状河三角洲前缘沉积;惠州5-7B沉积区低位体系域规模中等,以文六段辫状河三角洲平原、前缘亚相砂体和惠西低凸起西段花岗岩母岩混合物源供源,分别经2号和1号沟谷搬运入湖形成辫状河三角洲前缘沉积,其成分成熟度和结构成熟度低于惠州5-7A区和惠州5-4区;3）惠州5-4沉积区低位体系域砂体规模大、储层优、盖层封堵条件优越,且相对于惠州5-7区低位体系域砂体具有旁生侧储、近源成藏优势,是下一步寻求隐蔽油藏有利勘探目标。     

Sedimentary response to a tectonically induced sea-level fall in a shallow back-arc basin: the Mulichinco Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Neuquén Basin, Argentina

This study examines the sedimentary response to a tectonically driven relative sea‐level fall that occurred in the Neuquén Basin, west‐central Argentina, during the late Early Valanginian (Early Cretaceous). At this time the basin lay behind the emergent Andean magmatic arc to the west. Following the relative sea‐level fall, sedimentation was limited to the central part of the Neuquén Basin, with the deposition of a predominantly clastic, continental to shallow marine wedge on top of basinal black shales. This lowstand wedge is called the Mulichinco Formation and consists of a third‐order sequence that lasted about 2 Myr and contains high frequency lowstand, transgressive, and highstand deposits. Significant variations in facies, depositional architecture, and internal organization of the sequence occur along depositional strike. These variations are attributed mainly to tectonic and topographic controls upon sediment flux, basin gradient, fault tilting, and shifting of the depocentre through time. These controls were ultimately related to asymmetrically distributed tectonic activity that was greater towards the magmatic arc in the west. The superposition of fluvial deposits directly upon offshore facies provides unequivocal evidence for a sequence boundary at the base of the Mulichinco Formation. However, the Mulichinco sequence boundary is marked by shallow, low erosional relief and widespread fluvial deposition. The surface lacks prominent valleys traditionally associated with sequence boundaries. This non‐erosive sequence boundary geometry is attributed to the ramp‐type geometry of the basin and/or rapid uplift that limited stratigraphic adjustment to base‐level fall. Significant along‐strike facies changes and a low‐relief sequence boundary are attributes that may be common in tectonically active, semi‐enclosed basins (e.g. shallow back‐arc basins, foreland basins).     

东营凹陷沙河街组三段层序低位域砂体沉积特征

本文基于构造层序分析和基准面分析原理，利用测井曲线，岩相等资料，重点研究了东营凹陷沙三段3个层序的低位域砂体沉积特征，发育规律及其石油地质意义。应用构造坡折带的概念在该凹陷划分出了4种构造坡折带样式。研究表明：该凹陷沙三段层序低位域砂体发育下切水道充填，低位楔和低位扇。构造坡折带的发育特征和样式控制了低位域砂体的时空展布特征。构造坡折带控制下的低位域砂体发育在层序底部，构造坡折带附近，成藏条件优良，是隐蔽油气藏勘探的主要方向。     

珠江口盆地恩平凹陷北带下-中中新统层序构型及其差异性分析:对岩性圈闭发育的启示

针对海相三角洲层序地层研究中的理论和应用问题,选取珠江口盆地恩平凹陷北带下-中中新统（T50-T35）古珠江三角洲为目标开展了精细解剖.在消化吸收“沉积层序”理论最新进展的基础上,结合古珠江三角洲发育特点和井震资料条件,提出了基于层序界面（SB）、最大海退面（MRS）、最大海泛面（MFS）和高频海泛面（FS）等4种类型界面的高频层序划分方案,划分结果具有旋回特征明显、界面特征统一等优点,并揭示了研究区低位体系域较为发育的重要特征.在高精度层序格架约束下,进一步采用地震沉积学技术开展了精细沉积剖析,结果显示研究区低位域以大型交切状辫状水道为主,砂体厚度大且连片分布;相比而言,海侵、高位体系域含砂率明显变低,以弯曲、低能河道或滨岸-沿岸坝体为主,具备更大的岩性圈闭潜力.此外,结合层序构型分类的结果,提出以A型层序构型（高位域占比大）为主的韩江组六段和珠江组一段具备较大的岩性圈闭潜力.相关结论对珠江口盆地和其他海相盆地岩性圈闭勘探具有一定指导意义.      

Driving processes and recognition criteria for complex subaerial unconformities in a non-marine succession: Implications for basin margin shaping during forced regressions

A regional sedimentological and sequence stratigraphic analysis is presented in this paper to provide new insights into the morphological complexity and sedimentary mechanisms of unconformities giving shape to basin margins. Although the development of unconformities entails significant sediment delivery to be considered when analysing ‘source to sink’ systems, as well as large palaeogeographical changes related to basin reconfiguration episodes, the complexity that unconformities can reveal towards basin margins has been scarcely explored. A sedimentological and architectural analysis combining outcrop and subsurface datasets shows five palaeoenvironmental evolutionary stages and four key stratigraphic surfaces in a constrained ca 2 Ma Valanginian interval on the southern margin of the Neuquén back-arc basin (Argentina). A complex-type subaerial unconformity was identified, composed in turn of two subaerial unconformities exhibiting both single and composite motifs, different morphologies and facies shifts representative of large palaeogeographical changes. In the studied stratigraphic interval, two erosional stages occur linked to combinations of exclusively non-marine-driven processes involved in unconformities developing. The two subaerial unconformities differ in nature and distribution, representing a novel case of complex unconformities and stratigraphic architectures in non-marine lowstand wedges. The Valanginian complex subaerial unconformity entails a high diachroneity along strike and depositional dip, implying that the hiatus created in landward settings occurred during relative sea-level fall and rise stages during a period longer than in basinward areas. Disagreeing with classical sequential models, two third-order sequence components of a complex lowstand wedge are preserved in proximal settings. Subsidence-controlled accommodation and interplay between second-order and third-order cycles were combined, increasing the prospects of sediment storage and preservation potential of composite sequences towards landward areas. This work improves current comprehension about complex subaerial unconformities formation and related lowstand architectures in proximal settings, providing criteria to understand and revaluate lowstand wedge geometries, particularly for more complex examples, such as the case reported in this contribution.     

The role of tectonism in sequence development and facies distribution of Upper Oligocene cool-water carbonates: Coromandel Peninsula, New Zealand

The Torehina Formation is part of a cool‐water carbonate succession of Oligocene age in New Zealand that crops out on the Coromandel Peninsula, North Island. It contains two major transgressive sequences that record successive onlap of a once emergent landmass. The first sequence records marine flooding of non‐marine to marginal marine fan delta/estuarine facies, followed by deepening upward and formation of a low‐energy, deep (100+ m) muddy carbonate ramp. The capping sequence boundary is characterized by differential uplift and varies considerably in its character over a small (9 km²) area, varying from a burrowed glauconitic firmground to an erosional hardground to an undulatory marine contact to a palaeokarst with < 25 m relief. Sequence 2 sediments, which overlie the palaeokarst with minor (< 10°) angular unconformity, are clayey, marine (offshore) siltstones, whereas open‐marine limestones of equivalent age overlie the other boundary types with no apparent angular discordance. The siliciclastics could either represent lowstand channel deposits or may define interbank deposits contemporary with adjacent carbonates. Palaeogeographic restriction of palaeokarst and sequence 2 siliciclastics identifies a structural corridor oriented strike‐parallel to the adjacent Harauki Graben, which began to develop by this time. Palaeogeographical differences in the character of the basal limestone facies of sequence 2 also occur. These differences identify variation in accommodation during initial stages of deposition imposed by previous differential movement of fault blocks. As a result, relatively warm‐water (20 °C) Amphistegina‐bearing limestones in one area contrast with co‐existing deeper water, silty foraminiferal (benthic > planktic), echinoderm and bivalve limestones in another. This variation disappears upsection, which suggests that initial bathymetric differences were eliminated with renewed rise in sea level, yielding deeper water inner‐shelf sediment facies followed by the accumulation of still deeper, but higher energy, outer‐shelf bivalve and bryozoan facies. The sequence architecture of the Torehina Formation is controlled by tectonism, both long‐term subsidence and short‐term differential uplift. This arose as a result of increasing tectonic activity throughout proto‐New Zealand during the Late Oligocene. In such a system, local and regional variation in tectonism among adjacent basins can impose subtle to marked differences in the timing of sequence boundaries and the character of basin‐fill patterns.     

The geometry of fan‐deltas and related turbidites in narrow linear basins

The sediment distribution in three narrow, linear basins, two modern and one ancient, in Greece and Italy, was studied and related to changes in basin configuration. The basins are the Plio‐Quaternary Patras–Corinth graben, the Pliocene–Quaternary Reggio–Scilla graben and the middle Tertiary Mesohellenic piggy‐back basin. These basins were formed at different times and under different geodynamic conditions, but in each case, the tectonic evolution produced a narrow area in the basin where the water depth decreased dramatically, forming a strait with a sill. This strait divided the basin into major and minor sub‐basins, and the strait has a similar impact on sedimentary environments in all three basins, even though different depositional environments were formed along the initial basin axis. Predictions for the development of depositional environments in the two modern basins, especially in their straits, are based on the studied ancient basin. In the straits, powerful tidal flows will transport finer sediments to sub‐basins and trapezoidal‐type fan‐deltas will gradually fill up and choke the strait through time. In sub‐basins, according to basin depth, either deltaic (in the shallow minor sub‐basin) or turbiditic (in the deep major sub‐basin) deposits may accumulate. Moreover, an extensive shelf is likely to develop between the strait and major sub‐basin. This shelf will be cross‐cut by canyons and characterized by thin fine‐ to coarse‐grained deposits. These sediment models could be applied to analogous basin geometries around the world. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Sedimentary characteristics of large‐scale lacustrine beach‐bars and their formation in the Eocene Boxing Sag of Bohai Bay Basin,East China

The beach‐bar reservoir play has become an important exploration target within the Bohai Bay Basin, especially in the Boxing Sag within the Dongying Depression, where a large‐scale lacustrine beach‐bar oil pool has been discovered recently. The sedimentary characteristics, distribution patterns and formation mechanisms of beach‐bar sand bodies in the upper fourth member of the Eocene Shahejie Formation (Es4s) in the Boxing Sag were studied in detail based on seismic, well log data and core data. The Es4s in the Boxing Sag is composed of a third‐order sequence consisting of three systems tracts, i.e. a lowstand systems tract, a transgressive systems tract and a highstand systems tract. Beach‐bar sand bodies were deposited widely in the basin during the lowstand systems tract period. The sandy beach‐bars are characterized by siltstones, fine‐grained silty sandstones interbedded with thin mudstone units. The presence of well‐developed sedimentary structures, such as swash bedding, parting lineation, parallel bedding, ellipsoidal mud clasts, ripples, terrestrial plant debris and vertical burrows, suggests that beach‐bars were deposited in a relatively shallow water environment under the influence of strong hydrodynamics. Laterally, the sandy beach facies occurred as a more continuous sheet‐like body around the sandy bar in most parts of the sag. Stratigraphically, beach‐bars were distributed mainly in the lowstand systems tract and they were less well‐developed in the transgressive systems tract and highstand systems tract. Several factors were probably responsible for the occurrence of the large‐scale beach‐bars during the lowstand systems tract period, including: (i) a gentle palaeoslope and relatively weak structural activities; (ii) a shallow‐water condition with a strong hydrodynamic environment; (iii) high‐frequency oscillations of the lake level; and (iv) an abundant terrigenous clastic feeding system with multiple‐point and linear sediment sources.     

山东黄县盆地古近系李家崖组含煤岩系沉积相特征及演化

山东黄县盆地是中国东部一个重要的煤和油页岩共生盆地,古近系李家崖组是盆地主要的含煤岩系发育层段。根据层序地层学理论,建立了古近系层序地层格架;依据钻测井、岩心资料划分了李家崖组的沉积相类型,编制了分体系域的沉积相图。主要结论如下:(1)李家崖组发育湖泊、辫状河三角洲以及扇三角洲3种沉积相类型。(2)层序Ⅰ低水位体系域以辫状河三角洲相为主,湖扩展体系域以扇三角洲相和湖泊相为主,高水位体系域以扇三角洲相为主;层序Ⅱ低水位体系域以辫状河三角洲相为主,湖扩展体系域以扇三角洲相和湖泊相为主,高水位体系域以湖泊相为主。(3)层序Ⅰ发育时期: 低水位期盆地初始形成—湖扩展期盆地扩张—高水位期盆地萎缩;层序Ⅱ发育时期: 低水位期盆地再次缓慢扩张—湖扩展期盆地加速扩张—高水位期盆地萎缩消亡。     

上扬子地区五峰组-龙马溪组页岩层序地层及演化模式

学者们在页岩层序划分与构成等方面还存在较大分歧;其次,现有研究中针对页岩非均质性在层序格架内的变化特征及成因规律方面亦有不足.五峰组-龙马溪组页岩是上扬子地区重要的页岩气勘探层位之一,通过钻井岩心、露头剖面、常规测井、能谱测井和地球化学参数等资料,对上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组黑色页岩层序地层学进行了定量分析.在五峰组-龙马溪组识别出3个三级层序,其中五峰组为一个三级层序,进一步划分出海侵体系域（五峰组下部黑色页岩）和高位体系域（五峰组上部观音桥段）;龙马溪组一段作为一个三级层序,进一步划分出海侵体系域、早期高位和晚期高位体系域;龙马溪组二段和三段为一个三级层序,进一步划分出低位体系域、海侵体系域和高位体系域.以不同体系域为单元分析了五峰组-龙马溪组层序发育与沉积环境特征,揭示了各体系域内古生产力与水体氧化还原条件对有机质富集的控制机理,总结并提出了系统的五峰组-龙马溪组黑色页岩层序地层垂向演化模式.      

Sequence subdivision and development characteristics of low-accommodation non-marine basins: a case study of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin

The third-order sequences of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin were determined by a comprehensive analysis of surface outcrops, core, logging and seismic data. Natural gamma curves were studied by the band-pass method. The hidden stratigraphic sequence and six lithological cycles were extracted. By examining sequence boundaries and lithological cycles, we identified six third-order (including SQ1, SQ2, SQ3, SQ4, SQ5 and SQ6) and three second-order sequences in the Yanchang Formation. The sequence stratigraphy of the Ordos Basin was found to have the following special development characteristics: (1) the third-order sequence growths were totally stable, and the thickness of the Ordos Basin was relatively stable; (2) thick sand bodies did not form in lowstand systems because of underdeveloped slope breaks; (3) the third-order sequences had diverse features at different sedimentary periods; (4) the distribution of the depositional systems had various characteristics in different tectonic belts, and the entire sequence had the filling characteristics of multiprovenances and multicycles. The low-accommodation Ordos Basin in the Upper Triassic was limited by slow subsidence, gentle basement paleorelief, stable tectonic settings and sufficient sediment supply. The characteristics of the basin included stable developed sequences, limited preserved lowstand systems tracts, multiple depocentres and subsiding centres, development of many delta systems in the north and south of the basin controlled by the gradient of the basement paleorelief, and laterally stretching sediments. Results further indicated that the controlling factors of the third-order stratigraphic sequences of Yanchang Formation in the low-accommodation lacustrine Ordos Basin included sediment supply (provenance), climate and lake-level fluctuation. Overall, our case study indicated that the development characteristics and controlling factors of sequence stratigraphy in a low-accommodation lake basin provided a comprehensive method of establishing the sequence stratigraphic framework of a low-accommodation non-marine basin. Our results also predicted that the SQ3, SQ4 and SQ5 of the Qiaochuan and Zhidan areas favoured oil and gas prospecting of the Yanchang Formation.     

准噶尔盆地东部地区八道湾组层序地层及油气勘探有利区带预测

运用层序地层学与沉积学的原理和方法,建立滴水泉地区侏罗系八道湾组层序地层格架,划分沉积相,在此基础上分析层序充填及沉积演化特征,预测研究区岩性油气藏的类型及分布。研究结果表明:八道湾组为“一个半”层序,包括5个体系域。整体经历了一个先退积、后进积、再退积的过程。研究区发育辫状河、辫状河三角洲和湖泊3种沉积相类型、5种沉积亚相类型和10种沉积微相类型。JSQ1层序低位体系域以辫状河沉积为主,湖侵体系域主要发育滨浅湖沉积,高位体系域以辫状河三角洲沉积为主;JSQ2层序低位体系域主要发育辫状河三角洲沉积,而湖侵体系域以滨浅湖沉积为主。滴水泉地区八道湾组发育的有利储集砂体是辫状河和辫状河三角洲砂体,主要发育于低位和高位体系域。研究区八道湾组沟谷型古地貌可与JSQ1低位体系域广泛分布的辫状河道砂体组合形成地层-岩性圈闭,是研究区最有利的勘探目标。     

黄县盆地古近系煤与油页岩共生组合类型及发育特征

黄县盆地是我国东部重要的煤与油页岩资源赋存区。采用沉积学、层序地层学及构造地质学等多种学科研究方法,对黄县盆地煤与油页岩组合类型进行研究,并在层序地层格架下分析不同组合类型的沉积环境演化,这对于该区煤与油页岩资源勘查具有重要意义。研究结果表明:(1)该区煤与油页岩组合类型有四种型式:油页岩/其它沉积/煤层共生组合(煤4-泥岩-油4组合)、煤层/油页岩共生组合(煤3和油3,煤1和油2)、油页岩/煤层/油页岩共生组合(油2-煤1-油1)和油页岩/煤层共生组合(油上1和煤上1)。(2)在黄县断陷盆地古近系地层沉积充填序列中识别出两类三个性质不同的层序界面(SB1、SB2、SB3),其中李家崖组可划分出2个三级层序,各层序具有四元结构特点,即由低水位体系域、湖扩张体系域和早期高水位体系域、晚期高水位体系域组成。(3)黄县盆地古近系煤与油页岩共生组合主要在层序的低位体系域与湖侵体系域中发育,特别是在湖侵体系域中煤与油页岩组合类型丰富,主要与湖侵体系域复杂的沉积环境演化有关。     

陇东地区延长组层序地层特征及油气勘探意义

综合应用测井曲线、岩心、野外露头剖面等资料,分析鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组的层序地层特征及沉积相,在延长组识别出4个三级层序界面,将延长组分为4个三级层序10个体系域,识别出4种主要的沉积体系:扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、曲流河三角洲及湖泊沉积体系。分析了各体系域沉积体系的平面展布特征,探讨了体系域沉积模式及层序与油气的关系。指出低位体系域中发育的三角洲平原河道及前缘水下分流河道砂体是最主要的储层,水进及高位体系域中发育的浊积岩砂体分布面积大,是潜在的储层、水进和高位体系域中发育的湖相泥、页岩是良好的生油层和盖层,使得陇东地区存在有利的生储盖组合,处于有利的含油气系统之中,具较好的油气勘探前景。     

彰武盆地九佛堂组—沙海组沉积充填特征及盆地演化

通过ZW3井和ZW10井沉积层序对比和I1地震剖面的平衡地质剖面分析,对彰武盆地沉积充填特征和盆地演化进行综合研究。九佛堂组与沙海组在地层叠置关系上存在3种不同叠置样式:萎缩式、一致式和超越式,是由盆地发育过程中右旋扭动造成的。九佛堂下段为盆地伸展拉张背景下的充填,发育大段泥岩和油页岩,反映可容纳空间增大和沉积物供给不足;该段具有较好生油气能力。九佛堂组上段为转换伸展背景下的充填,ZW10井代表的东部区发育大套泥岩,而ZW3井代表的西部区发育一套粗碎屑沉积,反映盆地走滑或者扭动作用的发生;走滑扭动断裂作用使得断陷中形成凸起,分隔了生烃凹陷,而且开始形成下部成藏组合。九佛堂组末期为盆地构造反转期,发生了较大规模构造反转,致使盆地东部边缘区域的九佛堂组上段遭受严重剥蚀。沙海组下段为断陷由伸展到构造扭动背景下的充填,其下部暗色泥岩发育,具有较好生油气能力;上部ZW3井和ZW10井砂岩含量明显增加,反映伴随着沉积物的足量供给与快速进积;构造扭动使盆内凸起再次发育,形成了上部成藏组合。沙海组上段为盆地萎缩背景下的充填,砂体强烈进积,盆地萎缩。沙海组末期盆地再次发生大规模构造反转,沙海组上段地层遭受强烈剥蚀。