三维荧光与油气化探

本文建立了三维荧光油气化探的方法,探讨了某些化探指标,并实测了某区域的岩样,获得了一些有实际应用价值的结论。     

中国煤矿工程地质灾害与减灾对策研究

通过对煤矿工程地质灾害及灾害链概念和构成的系统论述,全面分析了煤矿开发中工程地质的灾害问题及致灾特点,并提出了防治对策。      

Laboratory Investigation of the Effects of Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Sandstone

An experimental study has been carried out as part of a wider programme of research in order to examine some of the physico-mechanical properties of the Jiaozuo Sandstone after exposure to extremely high temperatures. The mechanical properties of the rock under examination are discussed before the results of the thermo-mechanical response of the sandstone are presented and analysed. The range of temperature to which the sandstone has been exposed is 20–1,200 °C. The physical properties considered include the shape, volume, mass and density changes and the velocity of longitudinal and transverse elastic waves through the samples, before and after exposure to high temperature. The mechanical properties considered include the stress–strain response, the uniaxial compressive strength, the modulus of elasticity and the Poisson’s ratio. The results are analysed and discussed and possible mechanisms for the observed thermo-mechanical response, are postulated.     

Dynamic process analyses of saline intrusion with over-exploitation by coupled flow and dispersive modelling

Understanding of saline intrusion into coastal aquifer is an important issue in management and protection of groundwater resource, which can be well achieved by groundwater modelling. To explain some phenomena of correlation between groundwater level and salinity in observation wells in coastal area, the authors compare the migration velocity of saline particles and transmission velocity of water pressure and derive analytical equations of these two velocities for plane and radial flows. The driving force and resistance of saline intrusion were analysed based on the analytical modelling. The destruction and reconstruction of the equilibrium between fresh water seepage towards sea and saline dispersion to inland were considered as an essence of whole intrusion process. The dynamic process of seepage and dispersion at different stages of saline intrusion were analysed under groundwater over-exploitation. The basic equations of saline intrusion were derived and the mechanism of transitional zone movement was discussed. These constitute coupled seepage–dispersion theory of saline intrusion, which becomes an important supplement to existing theory of saline intrusion. As a case study on saline intrusion in Guangrao County in Eastern China, this theory was applied to predict the development of saline intrusion in the study area.     

四川晚三叠世煤变质问题的研究

本文描述了四川晚三叠世煤变质的特征,并据此对四川晚三叠世煤变质问题作了全面分析。阐明了以深成变质作用为主,而后叠加多种变质作用及多种热源,从而形成现今煤变质状况的新见解。并在研究煤变质的基础上探讨了煤变质模式。     

Analysis of High Density Regional Geochemical Soil Samples at the Council for Geoscience (South Africa): The Importance of Quality Control Measures

The Council for Geoscience (CGS, South Africa) has a statutory mandate to carry out regional geochemical mapping in South Africa that needs to be rapidly and accurately analysed. Both simultaneous X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (S-XRF) and a newly developed method using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were employed. Various trace elements that could not previously be analysed by S-XRF can now be analysed by ICP-MS for the regional geochemical mapping programme, e.g., Cd, Mo, Te and Li. Using both techniques, the CGS aims to report element distributions for some fifty elements. To ensure that element concentration levels correlate over map boundaries, quality control measures in the sampling, sample preparation and analyses were of critical importance. This paper aims to discuss the sample preparation and quality control measures as applied to the ∼5500 samples of the Giyani and Tzaneen 1:100000 scale map sheets sampled at a density of one soil sample per km². ICP-MS batch- and instrumental drift-correction procedures will be discussed. As a final step, geochemical data were overlain over simplified geological maps using geographical information system software. These maps complement existing geological information of South Africa, help in the identification of exploration targets, test exploration models and initiate further geological research.     

云南省黄金资源图文信息库在云南金矿资源评估中的应用

本文利用已完成的“云南省黄金资源图文信息库”有关信息,在矿床地质研究基础上,从金矿信息统计类比和金矿信息分形特征方面探讨了云南黄金的潜力资源,揭示了一些对黄金资源评估有实用价值的规律。     

碎石土隧道自稳性的三维离散元分析

随着国家对基础设施建设投资力度的不断加大,一些需要穿越碎石土体的隧道不断涌现。针对铁路、公路建设中遇到的碎石土隧道的自稳问题,利用改进后的三维离散元模型及编制的计算软件,对碎石土隧道的自稳性进行了模拟分析,探讨了粒径与隧道自稳性之间的关系,研究了粒径分别为0.1,0.2,0.35,0.5,1,2 m等碎石土隧道能够自稳时的最大跨度,并模拟分析了碎石土隧道塌落量与跨度之间的关系。使用的方法和得出的结论对类似工程有一定的参考意义。     

砖混结构楼房的控制爆破拆除技术

以实例介绍了砖混结构楼房的控制爆破拆除技术，对楼房拆除爆破的坍塌方式、爆破参数及安全技术进行了分析和探讨。     

支盘灌注桩应用效果的调查分析与研究

从支盘灌注桩的工程特性、在建设工程中的适用性、支盘桩的设计和在推广应用中需进行提高,以及调研结果和推广应用意见等方面详细阐述和分析了支盘桩的应用效果、推广前景及需进一步改善的问题,该桩型已为岩土工程工作者所接受,并逐渐应用于各个领域。     

Consolidation of double‐layered ground with vertical drains

Vertical drains are usually installed in subsoil consisting of several layers. Due to the complex nature of the problem, over the past decades, the consolidation properties of multi‐layered ground with vertical drains have been analysed mainly by numerical methods. An analytical solution for consolidation of double‐layered ground with vertical drains under quasi‐equal strain condition is presented in this paper. The main steps for the computation procedure are listed. The convergence of the series solution is discussed. The comparisons between the results obtained by the present analytical method and the existing numerical solutions are described by figures. The orthogonal relation for the system of double‐layered ground with vertical drains is proven. Finally, some consolidation properties of double‐layered ground with vertical drains are analysed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于FEM的边坡抗滑治理效果分析

本文以三峡库区巴东县太矶头滑坡整治工程为对象,通过非线性有限元法（FEM）,模拟抗滑桩在边坡体中的与土体的相互作用,通过对设抗滑桩前后滑坡体的应力分析,探讨桩土共同作用的一些规律,为滑坡防治工程设计提供参考,并对抗滑治理效果进行分析。     

关于卡拉谢夫法相关准则的分析论证

对卡拉谢夫法中的相关准则进行了分析论证。从不同的内插方法和相关系数形式出发，提出几种表达相关准则的计算公式，并就实际工作中遇到的一些问题作了分析和讨论。     

S-isotope investigations and geothermometric application of bismuthinites

Bismuthinites and (so far as present) coexisting pyrites and/or chalcopyrites from about 50 sulfide bearing deposits were analysed S-isotopically. The natural occurrences data are genetically interpreted and compared with experimental S-isotopic fractionation values between the correspondent synthetic phases. The practicability of the bismuthinite/pyrite and bismuthinite/chalcopyrite sulfur-isotope geothermometer is discussed using results of paragenetic, petrological and fluid inclusion studies. The S-isotope fractionation of some emplectite-chalcopyrite occurrences are treated analogously on the base of theoretical fractionation calculations.     

Speciation Analysis for Iodine in Groundwater Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS)

Methods based on high performance liquid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) for iodine speciation analysis are described. Experiments were performed relating to iodine species, preservative medium and time. The concentration and pH of the buffer are also discussed in relation to separation efficiency. The developed methods allowed the fast and sensitive determination of iodine species with detection limits of 0.025 μg l⁻¹ (as 1) for both iodide and iodate with < 5% relative standard deviation (RSD) for 50 nmol l⁻¹. Attempts were made to quantify total organo-iodine by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). By way of example, a number of groundwater samples were analysed by these methods, revealing that iodide is the main iodine species in the sampled waters, but that high concentrations of organo-iodine compounds were observed in some samples as well. In summary, the total concentration and the dominant species of iodine in aquatic freshwater environments is easily and accurately measured using this new method.     

浅析成矿预测中的找矿异常评价

针对现已开展的大比例尺成矿预测目标具体且又需验证的要求,文中对地质异常、地球物理异常、地球化学异常、遥感图象解译异常的特性做了较详细的介绍和分析,提出运用现代成矿预测理论和方法技术、重视找矿异常评价的观点,并提出一些思路供参考。     

有机包裹体的研究现状

介绍了目前研究有机包裹体已初步取得成效的较常用的五种新方法，并对各方法的基本原理和优缺点进行了简要分析；还介绍了有机包裹体在矿床地质学、石油地质学中的最新研究成果，对有机包裹体在地质学中的应用研究前景作了初步的讨论。     

21世纪我国矿产资源实现可持续开发利用战略问题探讨

本文就具有河再生性质的矿产资源实现可持续发展战略所面临的困难进行了探讨,并具体分析了目前我国矿产资源开发利用中存在的主要问题,在些基础上,提出了我国矿产资源在２１世纪实现可持续开发利用战略目标所应采取的几个主要对策。     

我国各地膨润土的热性质

对各地膨润土的热性质进行了考察，讨论了膨润土差热曲线和热失重的形态特征，以及膨润土热性质与其他物理化学性质的关系。研究表明，供试膨润土均可观察到三组吸热效应，部分样品可观察到一组放热效应。其中第一组吸热谷因层间所含有阳离子的种类和数量不同而呈现单谷或复谷两种不同的形态；根据第三吸热谷与放热峰这两个效应的峰间隔差和形态变化对供试膨润土进行属型划分简单易行。     

黄淮地区巨厚松散层岩性结构特征以及采矿对其水动态的影响

本文选择地处黄淮地区的淮南、淮北、大屯、兖州和邢台等矿区中典型矿井的巨厚松散层,分析了该地区巨厚松散层的岩性结构特征,从水体、地层和采矿波及类型等方面论述了采矿对松散层地下水动态的影响特征,解释和解决了某些实际工程问题。