文峪金矿床矿物石英的某些特征及含矿性评价意义

文峪含矿床矿物石英红外吸收光谱，热发光，热爆温度等研究表明，含矿与无矿石贡 明显差异；１．矿石英红外吸收光谱Ｈ２Ｏ吸收峰强，光密度Ｄ１〉Ｄ２，Ｄ２．Ｄ１〈１，无矿石英红外吸收光谱Ｈ２Ｏ２吸收峰弱，光密度Ｄ１〈Ｄ２，Ｄ２／Ｄ１〉１；２．含矿石英热发光强度低，峰强低于１５０ｃｐｓ，总发光强度低于１００００ｃｐｓ；，无矿石英热发光强度高，峰强高于１５０ｃｐ，总发光强度大于１００００ｃｐｓ；３．含矿石英热     

变形变质岩熔融及其与化学成分的关系研究

高温高压熔融实验结合岩石化学分别研究表明：在无水体系中，变形变质岩的初熔温度随ＦｅＯ＋ＭｇＯ＋ＣａＯ＋ＴｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３等的增高而增高；随ＳｉＯ２、Ｋ２Ｏ＋ＮａＯ含量的增高而降低。此外，岩石的变形变质程度、压力也对岩石的初熔产生重大影响。本文还初步探讨了ＲＥＥ与岩石熔融的关系。金属元素在熔体与残留体的分配研究表明：常量金属元素在熔体中相对富集，在熔体与残留体之间的分异度（│ｌｇＤｉ│随ＳｉＯ２的     

胶东乳山金矿石英中H2O和CO2相对光密度研究

本文利用时间序列法并首次利用矿物学填图方法研究了石英Ｄｃｏ２和ＤＨ２Ｏ在乳山金矿的时空演变特征。论述了石英ＤＣＯ２和ＤＨ２Ｏ在该金矿两期成矿方案划分中的作用，提示了石英ＤＨ２Ｏ与流体包裹体均一温度有一定的负变关系。探讨了石英ＤＣＯ２和ＤＨ２Ｏ的找矿标志意义，提出了“贫中找富”的新思路。     

地幔岩包体中斜方辉石的GOD化现象

对我国东部四个地点碱性玄武岩中地幔岩样品的研究分析表明，地幔岩包体被带上来的过程中，斜方辉石比单斜辉石更易发生部分熔融，而形成熔体玻璃（Ｇｌａｓｓ）、橄榄石（Ｏｌｉｖｉｎｅ）和铬透辉石（ＣｈｒｏｍｅＤｉｐｓｉｄｅ）集合体，此作用可称为ＧＯＤ化。ＧＯＤ化沿包体边部最发育，向内逐渐减弱，以至消失。当玻璃极富Ｋ２Ｏ时，出现强烈ＧＯＤ化。在强烈ＧＯＤ化外面的寄主岩石中，还形成销沸石和／或方沸石聚集体。斜方辉石的ＧＯＤ化不仅是由于升温降压而导致的不一致熔融所致，而且还伴有物质的交换（带入ＣａＯ＋Ｎａ２Ｏ＋Ｋ２Ｏ，带出ＳｉＯ２＋ＭｇＯ）。     

湖南辰溪仙人湾埃洛石型高岭土的矿物学特征与成因简析

运用化学成分分析、X射线衍射、红外吸收光谱、差热-热重分析以及扫描电镜等研究手段，着重研究了湖南辰溪仙人湾高岭土矿的矿物学特征，并结合矿床的地质成矿特征讨论了其成因机制。研究表明，该矿床除有极少量碎屑状石英以及附着于埃洛石外表面的凝胶成因石英外，以10A埃洛石为主，部分为7A埃洛石；埃洛石为形态完整的管状晶体，管长一般为1．0-1．5μm，外径一般0．05-0．1μm。认为该矿床为古岩溶洞穴胶体沉积型埃洛石矿床。     

山东界河金矿中石英的找矿矿物学

通过对界河金矿中石英的成分、晶胞参数、天然热发光、红外谱、包裹体、同位素、矿物学填图的研究，表明其石英富含Ａｌ、Ｋ、Ｎａ其ａ＿０、ｃ＿０大于理论值；其天然热发光具多峰，并且由Ⅰ到Ⅲ成矿阶段强度增大；由无矿到富矿，其红外谱相对光密度Ｄ＿２／Ｄ＿１变大；其包裹体富含Ｋ、ＮａＣｌ、Ｆ、ＣＯ＿２、Ｈ＿２Ｏ，ｐＨ＝７．０８－７．１３，Ｅｈ＝－６．１－－６．２Ｖ；其氧同位素变化范围小；其热发光积分强度填图显示矿体向深部变大，并分枝。用上述研究方法预测了几个矿体，其中的一个矿体已被证实。     

广西大气降水热液矿床稳定同位素特征及其找矿评价

广西大气降水热液矿床在泗顶，北山，老厂等铅锌矿；寺村等重晶石矿，益兰等汞矿；金牙，高龙等超微粒型金矿，金山等银矿，这类矿床稳定同位素主要特征是：成矿流体的氢同位素组成严格受地理位置制约，δＤＨ２Ｏ值显示比较稳定，而蚀变岩石的δ＾１８Ｏ值低于未蚀变岩石的δ＾１８Ｏ值，在δＤＨ２Ｏ－δ＾１８ＯＨ２Ｏ关系图上，其投影点绝大部分位于大气降水线上或附近，碳同位素在空间上表现为从围岩→蚀变围岩→矿体，δ＾１３     

青海某地软玉的宝石学特征

青海软玉产于花岗岩与大理岩的内接触带。与和田玉、花莲玉相比，化学成分表现高ＣａＯ，低Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＴＦｅ、Ｎａ２Ｏ等特点；矿物成分以透闪石为主，含少量白云石、滑石等，颜色多呈白色、淡绿色，赤有灰白、暗绿等色，油脂光泽，半透明至不透明，平均比重２．９４，平均硬度５．９５×１０８ｋｇ／ｍ２，折射率１．６２３～１．６２２。块度大、裂纹少，具良好的加工工艺性能。     

粤北大沟谷金矿床的REE地球化学研究

粤北大沟谷碎裂钠长石岩型金矿床的形成经历了５个矿化阶段（Ｄ３＾１－Ｄ３＾５），金矿化主要发生在Ｄ３＾２和Ｄ３＾４阶段。对该矿床及其围岩的ＲＥＥ地球化学研究表明：（１）Ｄ３＾１－Ｄ３＾２阶段的成矿流体主要是钠质热液与其交代震旦纪地层所产生的分异热液的混合物，震旦纪地层中的Ａｕ等成矿元素可能是在钠质蚀变、淋滤过程中进入流体的；（２）Ｄ３＾３－Ｄ３＾５阶段的成矿流体可能主要是富ＣＯ２的深源流体，ＲＥＥ和     

王台山地区韧性剪切带型金矿成因

五台山地区韧性剪切带型金矿分布地晚太古代碰撞造山带中，与世界许多太古宙绿岩带型金矿具有相似的特征。研究表明：成矿流体的δ＾１８ＯＨ２Ｏ＝－２．１‰－４．９‰，δＤ＝－６９－１１２‰，蚀谜面对得起盐矿物的δ＾１３ＣＰＤＢ＝－２．０－１．４‰，δ＾１８ＯＳＭＯＷ－１０．０－２０．０‰，载金黄铁矿的δ＾１４Ｓ＝－３．７－５．６‰。成矿前流体具有一高盐度，成矿期流体以富含ＣＯ２、近似海水的δ＾１８Ｏ和海相     

Microstructure and Photocatalytic Decomposition of Methylene Blue by TiO2-Mounted Halloysite, a Natural Tubular Mineral

On the basis of analysis of structure and properties, halloysite, a natural tubular mineral, was developed for an environmental treatment. TiO2 was mounted into halloysite by using hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate at room temperature. The adsorption and photocatalytic performance of halloysite and TiO2-mounted halloysite have been examined in methylene blue aqueous solution in the dark and under ultraviolet ray irradiation, respectively. Their performance of adsorption and photodecomposition was evaluated from the adsorbed and degraded amounts of methylene blue （MB）. Due to the mixture of adsorption and photodecomposition, the concentration of MB, organic pollution, in water decreased rapidly with TiO2-mounted halloysite powder, which is a faster reaction than that with halloysite-only adsorption. This new use of halloysite is leading to many interesting applications in the decomposition and elimination of various pollutants in air and water.     

苏州高岭土矿成矿期后的矿物演化及其与矿体改造的关系

苏州高岭土矿主要由高岭石、7埃洛石、10埃洛石及少量绢云母、蒙脱石、明矾石、三水铝石组成。高岭土矿物形成后因外界地化条件改变发生了以下转变:(1)埃洛石脱水向高岭石转化;(2)次生淋滤埃洛石形成;(3)埃洛石和三水铝石之间的互相转化;(4)Ca型蒙脱石形成;(5)高岭土的磷酸盐化作用;(6)次生淋滤明矾石的形成。矿物生成的先后顺序和共生关系可将矿物形成分为主要成矿期和成矿期后演化两个阶段。矿物的后期演化使优质高岭土进一步富集,改造,形成量大质优的高岭土矿。同时,非高岭土矿物的生成又使部分矿石质量变差,降低了矿石的工业价值。     

江西赣南风化淋滤型稀土矿床中的粘土矿物研究

对江西赣南6个地区风化淋滤型稀土矿中全风化层的粘土矿物进行了研究,为进一步了解粘土矿物对该类型稀土矿中稀土元素分异的影响奠定了基础。X射线衍射自然定向片、甲酰胺片、饱和乙二醇片和加热片、红外光谱及扫描电镜观察结果表明该区粘土矿物以片状高岭石和针管状7埃洛石为主,其中坳背塘、长坑屋、上堡、杨村样品主体为高岭石,足洞样品中发育大量埃洛石,而石排样品中高岭石与埃洛石比例相当。电感耦合等离子体质谱分析表明稀土元素在粘土矿物中大量富集,其稀土元素配分不仅受到原岩的影响,而且受到粘土矿物本身性质的影响。Ce元素在足洞和石排样品的粘土矿物中表现出正异常,而在其他样品粘土矿物中表现为负异常,可能与其中发育的埃洛石密切相关。Ce元素可能以方铈矿胶膜的形式包裹在针状埃洛石中,和/或以离子形式被选择性吸附于埃洛石表面。     

苏州阳西风化型高岭土矿物的形成与演化

苏州高岭土矿床可划分为两种成因类型^[1,2],即风化型¹⁾和热液蚀变型。高岭土集中分布在阳山东、西、北三个矿区。本文仅就阳西风化型高岭土中产出的不同种类高岭土矿物的形成及其互相演变的关系作初步探讨。     

Natural Tubular Halloysite as Drug Carrier: Effect of Organosilane Modification and Thermal Treatment

Naturally occurring tubular halloysite is a potential drug carrier because of the significant deposit, unique mesoscopic (2-50 nm) or even macroscopic (>50 nm) lumen, and excellent biocompatibility. The drugs loaded on halloysite exhibited slow release under the diffusion limitation by the halloysite nanotube. However, due to the weak interaction between halloysite and guest, the loading capacity of halloysite was relatively low. This drawback severely limits the application of halloysite as carrier in pharmaceutics. In this study, the performance of halloysite as carrier for ibuprofen (IBU) loading was investigated for the first time. The effects of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) modification and thermal treatment of halloysite on the loading and release of IBU were also studied. The purified halloysites were heated at 120 ℃ and 400 ℃ (labeled as Hal/120 and Hal/400), and then modified with APTES (labeled as Hal/120-A and Hal/400-A). The loading of IBU was achieved by soaking method (labeled as IBU-Hal/120, IBU-Hal/400, IBU-Hal/120-A, and IBU-Hal/400-A.). The in vitro drug delivery assays were performed in phosphate buffer solution. IBU was loaded mainly into the lumen and partially on the external surface of halloysite. The order of IBU contents was as follows: IBU-Hal/400-A (14.8wt%) > IBU-Hal/120-A (12.7wt%) > IBU-Hal/400 (11.8wt%) > IBU-Hal/120 (11.7wt%). The IBU was initially anchored to the surface hydroxyl groups of halloysite by hydrogen bonding, followed by further bonding of IBU with the anchored IBU to form hydrogen-bonded aggregates. The APTES modification of halloysite promoted the loading of IBU by introducing a strong affinity through electrostatic attraction between the introduced aminopropyl groups of APTES and the carboxyl groups of IBU. Thermal treatment at 400°C did not destroy the tubular morphology or the crystal structure of halloysite and had little effect on IBU loading in unmodified halloysite. However, thermal treatment by reducing water content in halloysite restricted the grafting of APTES in the lumen space, and further increased IBU loading. All IBU-loaded samples exhibit a burst release with a following slow release. However, owing to the strong electrostatic attraction in modified samples, the burst release was much more suppressed and the release rate was also lower than that in unmodified ones. The in vitro release profiles of the IBU-loaded samples were well fitted with the modified Korsmeyer-Peppas model. The IBU release mechanism of the unmodified samples was Fickian diffusion; however it was non-Fickian diffusion for the modified samples. The findings are of significance for broadening the use of halloysite as carrier for drugs and other active molecules in the pharmaceutical, pesticides, and coating industries.     

Kaolin Occurrences in the Erenler Dagi Volcanics,Southwest Konya Province,Turkey

Mainly calc-alkaline, andesitic, and dacitic volcanics from different late Miocene-Pliocene eruption centers crop out WSW of Konya, and locally are interbedded with lacustrine sediments. Hydrothermal alteration within these rocks is widespread. In addition to kaolinite, other major alteration products include halloysite, alunite, cristobalite, quartz, illite, montmorillonite, and zeolitegroup minerals. Based on the cristobalite-quartz relationship, the kaolinization temperature is estimated as ～100°C.

The samples were mineralogically and chemically examined using XRD, SEM-EDS, IR, DTA-TG, and XRF. The crystallinity of the kaolinite is moderate, and shows structural disorder. Both the kaolinite and halloysite are almost stoichometric. Kaolinization generally led to Al₂O₃ increases and release of alkalies, alkaline earths, most of the Fe₂O₃, and SiO₂. SiO₂ and Al₂O₃ contents are low, and LOI is very high for halloysite deposits relative to kaolin occurrences. The kaolinite-alunite assemblages indicate that pH of the altering solutions initially was ～4. SEM investigation demonstrates that kaolinite has booklet texture, whereas halloysite is acicular to needleshaped. The chemical, mineralogic, and firing properties of the kaolin deposits are appropriate for use as refractory raw material. The Erenler Dagi kaolin deposits are excellent examples of the acid-sulfate type of hydrothermal alteration. The findings of the study may be useful in exploration for similar hydrothermal mineral occurrences worldwide.     

Mineralogy and geochemistry of lateritic soil profiles in Kerala, India

Lateritic soils near Calicut, Kerala, contain halloysite of intermediate hydration, kaolinite, goethite, gibbsite and quartz. The presence of halloysite is responsible for relatively high plasticity and cation-exchange capacity. Fe-hydroxide colloids along with halloysite contribute to significant phosphate uptake by this soil. Composition of local groundwater is consistent with weathering of sodic plagioclase to gibbsite, kaolinite and metastable halloysite.     

高岭石-多水高岭石演化系列的热谱特征

高岭石-多水高岭石演化系列共包括四种矿物:结晶良好的高岭石、结晶差的或b轴无序的高岭石、7Å多水高岭石和10Å多水高岭石。我们将结晶良好的高岭石和10Å多水高岭石分别视为这一演化系列的两个端元矿物,其余两种矿物则是演化系列的中间矿物。该系列中的矿物同属于1:1型含水的层状铝硅酸盐矿物,因而它们的化学成分基本相同,主要差别是在晶体结构上由于单位结构层沿c轴彼此堆叠的方式而引起从有序向无序变化,同时层间键力的减弱引起水分子进入,促使层间水的含量逐渐增大。基于以上特征,这一系列中的四种类型矿物受热以后的热效应很灵敏,详细研究它们在加热脱水过程中的变化规律,可以加深对矿物特性的认识和鉴别。     

与铀有关的埃洛石的研究

本文指出除了通常认为的蒙脱石类粘土矿物能吸附较多铀之外、埃洛石也能较多地吸附铀.文中介绍了含铀埃洛石的特征.实验表明埃洛石有膨胀性.埃洛石不但能够由其表面吸附铀,铀也能以铀酰（UO₂）2+方式进入埃洛石的层间.在不同的地质条件下形成不同的富铀粘土矿物.富铀蒙脱石是在碱性环境中形成的,而在中酸性环境中就形成富铀埃洛石.     

The Effect of Temperature on Transformation of Kaolinite to Halloysite-like Nanoroll Via One-step Delamination

Tubular halloysite is a hydrated polymorph of kaolinite, commonly considered as its associated mineral. Due to its unique mesoscopic (2–50 nm) tubular structure, it has attracted great interest in the field of adsorption, catalysis, and nanocarrier. The halloysites in different deposits present various morphological properties which significantly affect the interface reactions with functional guests. These scattered properties in addition to their low purity severely limit the actual applications of halloysite in industry.