凤成石:异性石族矿物N(5)位贫钠的空位类似物新种

作为异性石族矿物新种凤成石是首个该族已知成员中N(5)位贫Na且以空位居优的类似物,其理想化学式为:Na_(12)□_3Ca_6(Fe~(3+),□)_3Zr_3Si(Si_(25)O_(73))(H_2O)_3(OH)_2。它发现于我国东北辽宁省凤城市赛马钠质碱性正长岩内,多呈它形-半自形晶产出,单个晶体粒径1~7mm,最大粒径者>1.5cm。与之共生的矿物有微斜长石、正长石、钠长石、霞石和钠角闪石亚族矿物、霓石、榍石和闪叶石族矿物、"贫钠的层硅钛铈矿"("Napoor rinkite")、钛铌钙铈矿、钠锆石、锆石、铁金云母、氟磷灰石、富稀土的羟硅磷灰石和何作霖矿等。矿物为半透明-透明,玻璃光泽,条痕白色,性脆,摩氏硬度约5,偶见不完全解理和裂开,一轴晶正光性。N_e=1.607,N_o=1.603。凤成石属三方晶系,具R3m空间群;a=1.42467(6)nm,c=3.00330(2)nm,V=5.27908(50)nm~3,Z=3。6条强粉晶衍射线[面网间距(衍射强度)(指标化)]是:0.7186(55)(110),0.5761(44)(113),0.4187(53)(123),0.3201(47)(028),0.2978(61)(135)和0.2857(100)(044)。16点矿物成分的电子探针等分析均值为:Na_2O 11.64%,K_2O 0.52%,CaO 8.96%,MgO 0.07%,SrO_3.53%,BaO 0.02%,MnO0.10%,FeO 0.69%,Mn_2O_30.92%,Fe_2O_35.98%,La_2O_30.12%,Ce_2O_30.23%,Nd_2O_30.13%,Sc_2O_30.01%,TiO_20.38%,ZrO_211.72%,Nb_2O_50.23%,SiO_251.73%,Cl 1.13%,H_2O 2.09%,O≡Cl-0.26%,总量100.14%。根据晶体结构精测和(O+OH+F+Cl)=78计算的矿物经验化学式:[(Na_(3.00)Na_(3.00))Σ_(6.00)(Na_(5.28)K_(0.33)□_(0.39))]_(12.00)□_(2.71)Sr_(0.20)REE_(0.09))_(3.00)Ca_(4.80)Sr_(0.82)Fe_(0.29)~(2+)Mg_(0.05)Mn_(0.04)~(2+))_(6.00)(Fe_(2.25)~(3+)Mn_(0.35)~(3+)Cr_(0.08)□_(0.32))_(3.00)(Zr_(2.86)Ti_(0.09)Nb_(0.05))_(3.00)(Si_(0.87)Ti_(0.05)□_(0.08))_(1.00)Si_(1.00)(Si_(24.00)O_(72.00))[(H_2O)_(2.93)O_(1.00)(OH)_(0.07)]_(3.00)[(OH)_(1.04)Cl_(0.96_]_(2.00)。矿物实测密度2.93g/cm~3;计算密度2.88g/cm~3。基于野外和室内研究,借鉴有关合成异性石族矿物的实验资料,凤成石由一类富REE、U、Th、Zr、和挥发分的钠质碱性正长岩岩浆直接结晶而成。     

红帘石的光性及谱学研究

红帘石是一种富含Mn~(3 )的绿帘石,它与绿帘石和斜黝帘石为等构造矿物,空间群为P2_1/m,它们的结构式分别为: 斜黝帘石 Ca_2Al_3O[SiO_4][Si_2O_7][OH], 绿帘石 Ca_2(Al,Fe)Al_2O[SiO_4][Si_2O_7][OH], 红帘石 Ca_2(Al,Fe,Mn)_2AlO[SiO_4][Si_2O_7][OH]。     

绿泥石的差热分析

绿泥族矿物是一个成分复杂、种属繁多的大家族.其结构系由滑石和水镁石互层组成.一般的化学式为:[(Mg、Fe~(2 ))_(6-n)(Al、Fe~(3 ))_n][Al_nSi_(4-n)]O_(10)(OH)_8,其中n=0.6-2,八面体中常有Ni~(2 )、Mn~(2 )、Cr~(3 ),四面体中有Ti~(4 )、Cr~(3 )、Fe~(3 )等阳离子混入.在绿泥石族矿物中,类质同象置换是很普遍的.在六次配位中Mg(?)Al之间、四次配位中Si(?)Al之间的置换;另一种重要的置换即Fe对Mg的置换,而且Fe~(2 )对Mg~(2 )的置换是任意的,Fe~(2 )/     

新矿物“长岛石”

长岛石(nagashimalite)是纤硅钡铁矿(taramellite)的钒置换体。它的标准化学结构式为 B_(a4)(V~(3 ),Ti)_4[(O,OH)_2|Cl|Si_8B_2O_(27)]。结构式的后一部分[Si_8B_2O_(27)]表明,这个矿物是硼硅酸盐矿物。我们所熟悉的硼硅酸矿物有硅硼钙石及赛黄晶,长岛石则是我们过去所不熟悉的一种新类型的矿物。它是根据 Matsubara(1980)的晶体结构分析及意大利的Mazzi 和 Rossi(1980)所做的纤硅钡铁矿晶体结构分析结果来确定的。     

人工合成图水羟砷铁矾的矿物学研究

图水羟砷铁矾是目前发现的存在于酸矿废水中的唯一的亚砷硫酸盐含铁矿物,其化学式为Fe6(AsO3)4(SO4)(OH)4.4 H2O。图水羟砷铁矾对研究酸矿废水中砷地球化学以及冶金含砷废水处理都具有重要意义。本文通过恒温水浴反应器合成该矿物,首次采用红外光谱和拉曼光谱对其表征,结果表明:位于770 cm-1处的红外特征峰来自矿物中As—O伸缩振动;位于609、663、512、455和365 cm-1处的拉曼特征峰分别来自矿物中As—OH不对称伸缩振动、As—OH伸缩振动(υ3)、AsO33-不对称弯曲振动(υ4)(512和455 cm-1)和O—As—O弯曲振动;光电子能谱结果表明矿物中As为+3价,不存在更高氧化态。低pH值和高硫酸根有利于矿物获得较好晶形;矿物在pH>3出现不谐溶解,首次测定矿物溶度积常数(Ksp)为107.7,标准吉布斯反应自由能(ΔG0f)为-3 605 kJ/mol。     

湖南首次发现累托石

累托石发现于辰溪县西北部一个水晶矿床的泥质物中。呈白色板状或片状,镜下呈纤维状。油脂光泽,比重2.25。SiO_2和Al_2O_3的含量分别为50.78％和33.69％,F_2O_3、FeO、MgO、K_2O、Na_2O、CaO、MnO和P_2O_5的总含量为4.91％。化学式为(Na_(0.415),Fe,K_(0.025),Mg_(0.018),Ca_(0.015))_(0.519)(H_3O)~+{Al_2[Al_(0.582)Si_(3.418)O_(10)](OH)_2}·3H_2O。     

霞石制碱

<正> 霞石是一种含有铝、钾、钠和硅的矿石,其分子式为:(Na·K)_2O·A1_2O_3·nSiO_2。它可伴生在各种矿物之中,对其进行综合利用,可制出氧化铝、碱产品及水泥等。加工过程的主要反应式如下:(Na·K)_2O·Al_2O_3·nSiO_2+2nCaCO_3(?)(Na·K)_2O·Al_2O_3+n(2CaO·SiO2)+2nCO_2↑(1)(Na·K)_2O·Al_2O_3+CO_2+3H_2O=2Al(OH)_3↓+(Na·K)_2CO_3(2)Al(OH)_3(?)Al_2O_3+3H_2O(3)其中(1)式中的铝酸钾、铝酸钠烧结物在浸滤后进入溶液,硅酸钙等杂质不溶,过滤后可用     

黑云母热光性的研究

一、概述本文研究的黑云母(少铁黑云母Meroxen),颜色为黑褐色,折射率Ng=1.6112,光轴角(-)2V=4°,色散V>γ.其化学成分(重量%)如下:SiO_2 36.95,Al_2O_3 16.69,Fe_2O_3 1.94,FeO6.37,MgO 20.22,CaO 0.14,Na_2O 0.45,K_2O 9.63,H_2O~+ 3.96,H_2O~- 0.68,TiO_2 2.38,P_2O_5 0.12,MnO O.12,F 0.62,总和为100.27.晶体化学式为:(K_(0.90)Na_(0.06)Ca_(0.01))_(0.97)(Mg_(2.21)Fe_(0.39)~(2+)Fe_(0.11)~(3+)Mn_(0.01)Ti_(0.13)Al_(0.15))_(3.00)(Si_(2.71)Al_(1.29))_(4.00)O_(10)(O_(1.23)OH_(0.62)F_(0.15))_(2.00).从常温到1500℃,每隔100℃,在高温炉内加热一个样品,恒温一小时后取出淬火.对加热后的样品分别作了肉眼及光性鉴定,其中折射率用油浸法,光轴角用弗氏台干涉图法测定.     

JS—无机凝胶的特性和工业应用

JS-无机凝胶是江苏省地质矿产测试应用研究所研制的一种新型矿物胶体原料。它主要由硅、镁、锂、铝等元素组成,其化学结构式为[(Mg_(2.67)Li_(0.21)Al_(0.05)Fe_(0.01))Si_(3.98)Al_(0.02))O_(10)(OH,F)_2]Na_(0.18)Li_(0.07)Ca_(0.04),它在水中具有极大的成胶性能,配制成1—5％的水分散液就能形成触变性凝胶。其外观和胶体性能优于美国范德比尔特公司的Veegum-F产品。JS-无机凝胶是具有可膨胀结构、带有一定过剩负层电荷的2∶1型层状     

天然变石和提拉法合成变石的红外-拉曼光谱分析

合成变石的晶体结构、化学成分及宝石学特征与天然变石基本一致,常规宝石学检测方法很难区分。实验采用红外光谱仪和拉曼光谱仪测试分析,发现天然变石以2 800cm~(-1)~3 300cm~(-1) O—H伸缩振动和2 362cm~(-1) CO_2伸缩振动为红外特征吸收峰,而提拉法合成变石无此特征吸收;拉曼分析中,638cm~(-1) Be—O弯曲振动为天然变石的特征吸收,674cm~(-1) Be—O伸缩振动、708cm~(-1) Be—O弯曲振动、473cm~(-1) Al—O平移运动为提拉法合成变石的特征吸收;对天然变石与提拉法合成变石拉曼谱932cm~(-1)进行洛伦兹线性拟合,得到天然变石半高宽均在17.0cm~(-1)以上,而提拉法合成变石均在17.0cm~(-1)以下。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of