共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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地形可视性分析是太阳辐射分析、通讯信号场强分析、军事战场环境分析等应用领域中的核心问题。在现有可视性分析理论基础上,指出建立统一的地形可视性分析模型的必要性和重要意义。针对许多应用问题在方法与原理上的共性,提出一个统一的分析模型,对基于DEM地形可视性所涉及到的各个因素进行合理分类。 相似文献
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基于ArcEngine的三维地形可视化系统设计与实现 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
以Visual C#.NET为开发平台,以ArcEngine为开发组件,详述了三维地形可视化功能的实现方法和关键技术,设计并实现了包括地形表面生成、三维场景显示、地形因子分析及通视分析等功能的基于ArcEngine的三维地形可视化系统. 相似文献
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Visibility Analysis with the Multiscale Implicit TIN 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
David B. Kidner rew J. Sparkes Mark I. Dorey J. Mark Ware & Christopher B. Jones 《Transactions in GIS》2001,5(1):19-37
Visibility analysis is now a key function of many geographical information systems. It is also one of the most contentious tools, as it is notoriously prone to error. The paper will demonstrate the versatility of the Multiscale Implicit Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) for the application of intervisibility analysis at multiple resolutions. This approach allows for the integration of three-dimensional (3D) topographic features with the terrain surface. The multiscale TINs are derived from generalising digital contours at a variety of lateral tolerances. The models' performances are evaluated from an extensive field study undertaken in the South Wales valleys. Results suggest that the accuracy of intervisibility analysis is very dependent upon the availability of good quality 3D topographic data. In our study, such data were shown to improve visibility performance by more than 44% over its bare-earth TIN equivalent. Interestingly, generalisation of the TINs had very little effect on visibility performance. In addition, a Monte Carlo approach to sensitivity analysis was found to be detrimental to the accuracy of visibility prediction in the full terrain and topographic models. However, this probable approach can improve intervisibility performance by up to 18% on a bare-earth TIN. The range of these visibility modelling scenarios demonstrate the flexibility of the Multiscale Implicit TIN for digital surface modelling. 相似文献
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提出了一种基于可见性预处理的点删除简化算法。该算法针对海量地形数据,首先建立了高效的空间索引系统,利用这一索引系统快速完成了视锥截取、背面剔除和隐藏面消除等可见性测试,再对预处理后的网格模型依据顶点曲率大小进行点删除简化。实验表明,采用可见性预处理可大大提高绘制速度,并且绘制帧速率基本独立于模型的复杂度。 相似文献
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对于大规模地形而言,地形网格的实时动态绘制速度和质量一直是人们关注的重点。地形漫游在仿真、模拟、虚拟现实、游戏等领域都有广泛的应用。该文在研究多种层次算法的基础上,采用一种地形瓦片重组数据结构的方法实现实时高帧率的绘制大规模地形。分析了地形场景数据管理与实时调度,视相关多层次细节模型与可见性判断以及分层数据组织和瓦片数据绘制等关键问题,并给出了相应的解决方法,改进了视景体裁切重组地形数据的方法。实验结果表明该方法在保持地形逼真的前提下,有很好的绘制网格帧率和实时动态交互效果。 相似文献
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通过分析三维场景实时渲染中视点无关与视点相关地形生成算法的性能,提出了优化的视点相关地形生成算法。此算法主要针对地形拆分、可视精度计算、观察视点距离计算、以及地形可见性裁剪这4个方面的策略做出了详细的阐述。并以渲染精度为衡量标准,通过实验对比分析了优化后的视点相关地形生成算法与视点无关地形生成算法的性能。除此之外,以渲染效率为标准,通过实验分析对比了优化后的视点相关地形生成算法与原视点相关地形生成算法的性能,并给出了一个运用此优化算法构建的三维地形模型。 相似文献
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地形漫游在仿真、模拟、虚拟现实、游戏等领域都有广泛的应用,但其大规模地形实时动态绘制的速度和质量一直是一个难点。文章主要分析了地形场景数据管理与实时调度、视相关多层次细节模型与可见性判断以及分层数据组织与瓦片数据绘制等关键问题。在研究多种层次算法的基础上,提出了一种实时高帧率绘制大规模地形的瓦片重组数据结构的方法,并改进了视景体裁切重组地形数据的方法。实验结果表明该方法在保持地形逼真的情况下,有很好的绘制网格帧率和实时动态交互的效果。 相似文献
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针对传统多分辨率地形绘制算法构网速度慢、T型裂缝不易处理等问题,提出了一种GPU(graphic processing unit)构网的地形无缝绘制算法。首先,引入实时网格细分(tessellation)技术,将地形构网分为CPU粗粒度Tile网格构建和GPU细粒度Patch网格细分两个阶段;然后,Tile网格采用基于视距的细节层次模型进行LoD层次选择,Patch采用基于屏幕空间投影误差的细节层次模型完成网格细分,兼顾了视距和地形粗糙度对地形绘制的影响,实现了地形细节层次的自适应选择;最后,应用C++语言和DirectX 11工具,设计开发了相应的可视化实验系统。实验结果表明,该方法实现了多分辨率地形的自适应无缝表达,保证了地形网格的连续性;并通过合理平衡CPU-GPU负担,显著提升了地形渲染效率。 相似文献
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《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(3):412-424
One of the problems in detecting occlusions when generating true ortho photos is false occlusion and false visibility caused by rolling terrain, and the resolution difference between the digital surface model (DSM) and the images. Published methods are plagued by unstable computation and have considerable noise. The paper presents a vector-based backward projection (VBP) method for detecting occlusions. First, the method projects vector polygons representing the surface of buildings to image space. Next, it derives their true coverage by judging the occupancy priority for the overlap. It then determines the visibility of building and digital elevation model (DEM) grids. Finally, it generates a true ortho image by differential rectification. In addition, this paper develops methods to keep all steps robust, such as dubious region growing methods for rasterization and judgment formulas for boundary noise elimination, which makes VBP practical. Experiments using the Z-Buffer method, the projection-ray-angle-based method and VBP with a typical image and DSM prove VBP has 100% detection accuracy, and is robust and efficient. 相似文献
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Effect of Contour Intervals and Grid Cell Size on the Accuracy of DEMs and Slope Derivatives 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Feras M Ziadat 《Transactions in GIS》2007,11(1):67-81
Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are indispensable tools in many environmental and natural resource applications. DEMs are frequently derived from contour lines. The accuracy of such DEMs depends on different factors. This research investigates the effect of sampling density used to derive contours, vertical interval between contours (spacing), grid cell size of the DEM (resolution), terrain complexity, and spatial filtering on the accuracy of the DEM and the slope derivative. The study indicated different alternatives to achieve an acceptable accuracy depending on the contour interval, the DEM resolution and the complexity of the terrain. The effect of these factors on the accuracy of the DEM and the slope derivative was quantified using models that determine the level of accuracy (RMSE). The implementation of the models will guide users to select the best combination to improve the results in areas with similar topography. For areas with variable terrain complexity, the suggestion is to generate DEMs and slope at a suitable resolution for each terrain separately and then to merge the results to produce one final layer for the whole area. This will provide accurate estimates of elevation and slope, and subsequently improve the analyses that rely on these digital derivatives. 相似文献
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在大型三维地理信息系统中,往往需要在预加载整体地形数据的基础上,对局部地形数据重新构建三角网,用于物理模拟等应用。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种三维地形的金字塔“上下采样”局部实时简化算法,实现对局部三角网地形实时高效的简化。该算法基于图像金字塔思想,通过对原始地形的三角格网执行“下采样”和“上采样”,结合“预测残差”对“下采样”的地形做局部简化,简化后的三角网十分逼近原始的高精度三角网。本文将该算法用于GeoBeans 3D平台的汽车驾驶模拟系统中。该算法生成的地形简化且稳定,随着汽车活动范围的变化,按需销毁及重构更新地形。实验证明,当预测残差阈值取0.1时,三角形个数能简化到原始数量的2/3;阈值取0.2时,三角形个数可以简化到原始个数的1/4左右。由此可见,在视觉精度允许的范围之内,该算法对地形的简化效果较好,且耗时少,满足了三维系统及车辆驾驶模拟的实时性。 相似文献
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视觉效果是城市规划需要考虑的重要要素之一.基于3 DGIS的计算机技术可以用于定量分析城市三维景观空间的可视性.本文介绍了可视性分析应用于城市规划的流程,提出了针对地形和建筑物可视性分析的数学几何模型.在地形可视性分析模型中,采用了一种结合水平投影和高程插值计算的方法判断地形上两点之间的通视性;在建筑物可视性分析中,采... 相似文献
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本文根据笔者在我国渤海海峡、闽江口、瓯江口以及珠江口附近海域的遥感实验,讨论由卫星遥感提供的水下地形地貌信息的特征、机理,提出使用信息论和灰色系统论方法分析水深遥感信息传递的过程。以此为依据,建立水深信息提取模型,研究其实用性、精度和效果。实践表明,水深遥感的测量精度没有达到大、中比例尺常规测量的要求。但作为大面积、短周期的宏观分析,特别是遥感图像上显示的海水表层流场特征,对判别浅海水下地形走向和地貌单元,了解其冲刷、沉积作用的动力因素,动态变化等具有十分重要的意义,它成为常规方法的补充手段。对近海的规划、开发,如港湾海水养殖、航道选址、海上工程、海水排污等方面的海水环境分析与宏观评价及监测,具有一定的优势。本文着重讨论了以下三个问题: 1.水下地形地貌遥感的原理与信息特性;2.水深信息提取及灰色系统方法与模糊判别模型分析;3.遥感水下地形地貌的应用与效果分析。 相似文献
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一种海底底质与地形的信息叠置可视化方法及应用 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
海底底质与地形对舰船航行、锚泊、登陆、海底管线铺设等海上活动具有重要的影响。此文提出了一种基于底质Voronoi多边形操作,并与地形信息进行叠置运算的可视化分析方法。通过构建底质Delaunay三角网,生成底质Voronoi图,合并同底质且相邻的Voronoi多边形,实现了海底底质分布的可视化。在此基础上,实现了底质与地形的信息叠置。通过试验数据验证了所提方法的有效性,并在路线选择和活动区域提取等应用中进行了尝试。 相似文献
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Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and their derivatives are routinely exploited for a wide range of planning and engineering applications such as land reclamation, calculation of cut-and-fill requirements for earth works or to determine other relevant geomorphological landscape parameters. The advent of computer (digital) manipulation of elevation data has opened up great possibilities for studying the geometry of our land surface in relation to physical factors such as climate, vegetation, soils and geology. This paper is concerned with the generation, testing and validation of DEM and its derived terrain parameters viz., contours, drainage pattern etc. using IRS-1C stereo pair over a part of Alwar district, Rajasthan, India. In particular, it reports on the results achieved using indigenously developed stereo - processing software along with standard GIS and terrain analysis package to derive DEM and associated terrain parameters of the study area. The results are encouraging when compared with Survey of India topographical maps at 1:50,000 scale in terms of point to point accuracy of DEM, data quality evaluation of orthoimage and higher order drainage delineation. 相似文献