Synchronous seasonal changes in the hydrological regime and weak earthquake activity in the Garm region

The distinctive annual periodicity in the week earthquake activity in the Garm region and its possible origin were described in the author’s previous papers. In this paper, an attempt is made to relate the annual earthquake periodicity to such a phenomenon as hydroseismicity. Within the framework of the study, seasonal variations in seismicity, snow height, and the water level of the Surkhob River are compared. As a result, good coincidence of the form of spring changes in snow height and seismicity has been revealed. It is important that according to averaged data, seismicity follows changes in snow height with some lag. However, a few cases in certain years have been found when the number of earthquakes began decreasing simultaneously or even a little before snow melt. It was also discovered that annual changes in the river water level and seismicity occur in opposite phase. Possible approaches to interpreting the results are discussed.     

Nonuniform intra-annual distribution of strong earthquakes in the Garm region

Peculiarities of the intra-annual distribution of strong earthquakes in the Garm region (energetic class K > 9.0) are considered. An increase in such earthquakes in spring has been found during a period of intense transport of thawed water into the soil. The number of weak earthquakes during this period decreases. We discuss the possible reasons for nonuniformity in the intra-annual distribution of seismicity, including those generated by a hydroseismic mechanism.     

Effects of geomagnetic disturbances in the near Earth’s atmosphere and possible biophysical mechanism of their influence on the human cardiovascular system

We analyze the effect of geomagnetic activity on variations in quasi-static electric field strength and the horizontal geomagnetic field component in the band of periods of tidal and planetary waves. Variations in oscillation intensities and periods in the power spectra of these parameters synchronously with the K _p index are shown. Taking into account the relationship of these parameters with the air pressure, we suggest a possible biophysical mechanism of the relation between the state of the human cardiovascular system and geomagnetic activity by means of resonant interaction with the environment. In periods of high geomagnetic activity, the air pressure and temperature vary due to an increase in atmospheric transparency as a result of the Forbush decrease in the cosmic ray flux rate. It is these variations that directly affect humans.     

G882光泵磁力仪静态噪声水平检验与分析

G882光泵磁力仪主要用于海洋磁探作业,也常常作为地磁日变观测仪器使用。无论哪种工作需要,使用前都应对仪器稳定性测试,借此了解仪器性能和工作指标。依据相关技术规范和计算方法,结合多年野外日变实测资料,可对该型磁力仪基本性能指标的静态噪声进行计算检验与统计,同时分析环境、数据来源等外部因素对计算结果的影响程度,综合评价此项性能指标限值的合理性。     

基于小波变换的海洋地磁日变改正研究

基于现有地磁日变理论和改正方法,对国际公开地磁静日变数据进行傅里叶变换和一维连续小波变换综合分析,判断大于0.2 Hz频段为磁扰变化场在频域的体现,并利用一维离散小波变换将数据分离,完善了已有的地磁静日变改正方法。根据日变数据特征和一维离散小波分解特性,选定sym8小波作为基本小波对数据进行7尺度分解,将日变数据中长期变化和短期变化与磁扰部分在保证保真度条件下有效分离,并与傅里叶级数分解和低通滤波处理效果作对比验证,结果显示一维离散小波变换处理效果更佳。日变数据中短、长期变化与磁扰两部分数据的有效分离并分别改正可提高海洋地磁测量日变改正质量,降低海洋地磁数据处理过程中误差累积程度,提高了现行日变改正方法的科学性、准确性。     

与海洋地磁日变改正有关的长期变化和磁扰的处理

提出地磁日变改正中需要顾及地磁长期变化和磁扰的可靠分离,保证磁力数据改正处理具有明确的基准,提高拼接整合的精度.如果日变站能够控制测区,两者可采用时间同步固定的地磁正常场作为磁异常基准,测区的地磁长期变化由日变站实测的地磁长期变化来改正,反之,对日变站和测区应分别采用时间同步变化的地磁正常场作为磁异常基准,测区的地磁长期变化由地磁正常场的地磁长期变化来改正.为此,应该明确定义与时间相关的日变改正基值为地磁正常场与地磁异常之和.通过磁静日总场观测值偏离正常场的某种形式的长期平均值,可以逼近日变站的地磁异常.磁扰的分离应保证磁扰初动和消失相对于磁静日无磁扰的连续过渡.采用综合模型一并进行日变改正、正常场及其长期变化改正,可以更好地解决目前日变改正中遇到的问题.     

海面与海底地磁日变化差异及其对海洋磁力测量的影响

给出了海面与海底地磁日变化的计算公式,仿真分析了海面与海底地磁日变化差异,探讨了其对海洋磁力测量地磁日变改正的影响。结果表明:对于不同的地磁日变,海面与海底的地磁日变存在着较大的差异,且其随着地磁倾角的变化而变化,对磁测有一定的影响。为此,远海区海洋磁力测量中,建议联合采用地面日变站和海底日变站来减小或消除海面与海底地磁日变差异对磁测的影响,提高地磁日变改正的精度。     

海洋磁力测量地磁日变改正中的时差计算方法

为了消除或减小地磁日变化对海洋磁力测量的影响,提出采用同步比对法和相关分析法计算两日变站间地磁日变化的时差。分析表明:同步比对法和相关分析法得到的时差更能真实反映两站间的时间变化,建议在海洋磁力测量多站地磁日变改正时差计算中采用。     

海水层对地磁日变的影响

在海洋地磁测量中地磁日变的影响不可忽视,由于海底地磁日变观测站可建在测区内或附近,通常情况下能较好地反映测区范围内的地磁日变状况.但从实际观测资料对比发现,海底地磁观测站站位水深对地磁有效信息的保留存在一定的相关性.随着水深增大,其保留的信息量逐渐减少,即水层对地磁信息有着明显的衰减作用.     

海洋磁力数据地磁日变时差校正的局部极值比对法

为了对海洋磁力数据进行更精确合理的地磁日变校正,参考多台站地磁观测数据时差计算的方法,总结出一种适合于海洋磁力数据地磁日变时差校正的方法——局部极值比对法。利用局部极值比对法对南海北部两条海洋磁力测线进行地磁日变时差校正后,海洋磁力数据与陆地地磁日变数据的相关系数分别提高到0.98和0.92。通过与经度差法的比较,证明局部极值比对法可以提高地磁日变时差计算的精确度和海洋磁力数据处理的效率。该方法为今后的海洋磁力调查工作提供了一种精确有效的工具。     

地磁日变改正中磁湾磁钩等磁扰对海洋磁力资料的影响

在海洋磁力测量过程中,磁扰形态变化复杂的特性致使地磁日变的改正仍存在着许多困难。本文根据黄海、东海和南海北部十余年采集的超过10⁴ km的海洋和陆地地磁资料,利用对比分析的方法,总结了3种磁扰现象对海洋磁力资料的影响规律:1)微扰的海陆日变值持续时间短,幅度比值接近1∶ 1,对海洋磁力资料影响很小,利用低通滤波可以完全消除其影响;2)磁钩海陆日变幅值比为1~2,持续时间在1 h以内,校正后的地磁异常值仍有较大的误差,利用最小曲率法可以基本消除其影响;3)磁湾的持续时间长,海陆日变幅值变化大,无法准确消除其影响,采用最小曲率法等插值方法处理后,仍残留假异常,需要额外关注。     

Effect of a Shift in Diurnal Geomagnetic Variation on the Activity and Sensitivity of Digestive Glycosidases in Roach Underyearlings to Heavy Metals

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The effect of temporal shifts in diurnal geomagnetic variation with 6- and 12-h intervals relative to the day–night cycle on the activity of...     

Acrophase of the diurnal periodicity of earthquakes in different time zones

A diurnal periodicity in the number of earthquakes is detected as a result of an analysis of the worldwide catalog of earthquakes in 24 investigated samples corresponding to different time zones. It is established that the acrophase of the diurnal seismicity trend regularly changes when passing from one time zone to another, i.e., with changing geographic longitude. The corresponding equation of linear regression is obtained.     

Sharp changes in the character of the diurnal periodicity of earthquakes of the Garm research area in equinox periods

A diurnal periodicity in the number of earthquakes is detected as a result of an analysis of the worldwide catalog of earthquakes in 24 investigated samples corresponding to different time zones. It is established that the acrophase of the diurnal seismicity trend regularly changes when passing from one time zone to another, i.e., with changing geographic longitude. The corresponding equation of linear regression is obtained.     

On the Diurnal Periodicity of Representative Earthquakes in Greece: Comparison of Data from Different Observation Systems

Due to the initiation of the Hellenic Unified Seismic Network (HUSN) in late 2007, the quality of observation significantly improved by 2011. For example, the representative magnitude level considerably has decreased and the number of annually recorded events has increased. The new observational system highly expanded the possibilities for studying regularities in seismicity. In view of this, the authors revisited their studies of the diurnal periodicity of representative earthquakes in Greece that was revealed earlier in the earthquake catalog before 2011. We use 18 samples of earthquakes of different magnitudes taken from the catalog of Greek earthquakes from 2011 to June 2016 to derive a series of the number of earthquakes for each of them and calculate its average diurnal course. To increase the reliability of the results, we compared the data for two regions. With a high degree of statistical significance, we have obtained that no diurnal periodicity can be found for strongly representative earthquakes. This finding differs from the estimates obtained earlier from an analysis of the catalog of earthquakes at the same area for 1995–2004 and 2005–2010, i.e., before the initiation of the Hellenic Unified Seismic Network. The new results are consistent with the hypothesis of noise discrimination (observational selection) explaining the cause of the diurnal variation of earthquakes with different sensitivity of the seismic network in daytime and nighttime periods.     

The effect of lunar phases on the occurrence of acute cardiovascular diseases

This paper analyzes the possible impact of lunar phases on the dynamics of acute cardiovascular diseases: acute myocardial infarctions (MIs) and acute brain strokes (BSs) at different levels of heliogeomagnetic activity. The superposed epoch analysis (SEA) has been applied with dates of the new moon and full moon used as reference days. A statistical analysis of a 14-year-long (1992 to 2005) series of everyday medical data from the Central Clinical Hospital no. 1 of Russian Railways (Moscow) and the parameters of heliogeomagnetic activity was carried out. It was found that daily occurrences of MIs and BSs vary with the phase of the moon. These variations are significant; they continue at different levels of heliogeomagnetic activity and are not related to the variations in geomagnetic activity identified by the same method. The effect of lunar phases on MIs and BSs is quite different. New moons and full moons have qualitatively the same effect on MIs; however, there are significant differences in the incidence of BSs during new moons and full moons.     

大洋调查中海山地磁测量的静日变化校正方法

针对大洋调查中海山地磁测量时难以设立静日变化观测站的问题,提出了一种基于多项式拟合最小二乘算法的日变校正方法,即假设静日变化磁场可以用一个关于时间的高阶多项式来拟合,利用主测线和联络测线交点误差的最小二乘估计求得多项式的系数,从而得到静日变化曲线。从调查测得的磁场中减掉静日变化磁场即可得消除静日变化影响后的海山地磁异常。理论模型和实际资料处理都表明,这种方法不仅可以较好地消除静日变化的影响,而且用计算机实现也简单。为了提高静日变化校正结果,讨论了为提高静日变化校正效果,在大洋调查中测量海山地磁时应注意的几个问题。     

时差对海洋磁力测量地磁日变改正的影响分析

为研究时差对磁测的影响,基于站间同步地磁日变曲线的特征,尝试采用同步比对法和相关分析法计算两站的时差.结论表明:同步比对法和相关分析法能反映站间真实的时差,当测区范围较小时(至少是在本文实例的两个地磁日变站之间),时差对地磁日变改正的影响很小,海洋磁力测量地磁日变改正时可以忽略其影响.     

海底地磁日变观测站的设计与应用

采用布设海底地磁日变观测锚系的技术方法,可解决远海区磁测日变改正观测资料问题。重点介绍设立海底地磁日变观测锚系中观测设备的技术特性、锚系设计及这一技术方法在国内的首次应用情况。     

不同方式地磁观测数据对磁测精度的影响分析

地磁日变改正数据的合理选取直接关系到海洋磁测的成果精度。通过在南海南部海域布放的一个4 000m长的地磁观测潜标及同步开展的磁力测量,并在收集周边陆域地磁台站数据的基础上,对水体中获得的地磁日变观测数据和水面磁测数据进行综合分析和研究,得到几点认识:(1)浅水海域获得的日变观测数据用于海洋磁测数据处理时,其测量准确度比深水海域的好,且与陆域地磁台站数据曲线的一致性要高;(2)船磁校正曲线是否对称与地磁日变观测数据的合理选取密切相关;(3)在远海区磁测时,为确保详尽记录局部磁扰,建议海底地磁日变观测站应布放于靠近工区、水深较浅的水体之中。