Investigation of Ionospheric Response to Geomagnetic Storms over a Low Latitude Station,Ile-Ife,Nigeria

Due to several complexities associated with the equatorial ionosphere, and the significant role which the total electron content (TEC) variability plays in GPS signal transmission, there is the need to monitor irregularities in TEC during storm events. The GPS SCINDA receiver data at Ile-Ife, Nigeria, was analysed with a view to characterizing the ionospheric response to geomagnetic storms on 9 March and 1 October 2012. Presently, positive storm effects, peaks in TEC which were associated with prompt penetration of electric fields and changes in neutral gas composition were observed for the storms. The maximum percentage deviation in TEC of about 120 and 45% were observed for 9 March and 1 October 2012, respectively. An obvious negative percentage TEC deviation subsequent to sudden storm commencement (SSC) was observed and besides a geomagnetic storm does not necessarily suggest a high scintillation intensity (S₄) index. The present results show that magnetic storm events at low latitude regions may have an adverse effect on navigation and communication systems.     

Parameters of the Geomagnetic Activity,Thermosphere, and Ionosphere for the Ultimately Intense Magnetic Storm

Equations of regression are derived for the intense magnetic storms of 1957?2016. They reflect the nonlinear relation between Dst_min and the effective index of geomagnetic activity Ap(τ) with a timeweighted factor τ. Based on this and on known estimations of the upper limit of the magnetic storm intensity (Dst_min =–2500 nT), the maximal possible value Ap(τ)_max ~ 1000 nT is obtained. This makes it possible to obtain initial estimates of the upper limit of variations in some parameters of the thermosphere and ionosphere that are due to geomagnetic activity. It is found, in particular, that the upper limit of an increase in the thermospheric density is seven to eight times larger than for the storm in March 1989, which was the most intense for the entire space era. The maximum possible amplitude of the negative phase of the ionospheric storm in the number density of the F₂-layer maximum at midlatitudes is nearly six times higher than for the March 1989 storm. The upper limit of the F₂-layer rise in this phase of the ionospheric storm is also considerable. Based on qualitative analysis, it is found that the F₂-layer maximum in daytime hours at midlatitudes for these limiting conditions is not pronounced and even may be unresolved in the experiment, i.e., above the F₁-layer maximum, the electron number density may smoothly decrease with height up to the upper boundary of the plasmasphere.     

Geomagnetic Storm Effects on the Topside Ionosphere and Plasmasphere: A Compact Tutorial and New Results

The coupled ionosphere–thermosphere–plasmasphere system is very complex. The study of its interrelationships during geomagnetically disturbed conditions is an especially challenging task.Significant progress has been achieved during the last few years in developing comprehensive theoretical models to describe its global behaviour.Moreover, more simple, specialized numerical modelling of some specialaspects of storm behaviour and/or regional models have contributedto the progress in this field.This paper summarizes recent developments in upper ionosphereand plasmasphere storm studies and modelling.From an observational point of view the upper ionosphere/plasmasphereregion is well reflected in radio beacon measurements providing the totalelectron content (TEC). The development of space-based radio navigation systems such as GPS offersnew opportunities to derive TEC on both regional and global scale.Combining TEC with ionosonde data enables the variability of the shape of the electron density distribution during storms to be studied.We present some examples of co-ordinated investigation,made during the CEDAR storm study intervals.     

Generation of Geomagnetic Disturbances in the Ionosphere by a Tsunami Wave

Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The mechanism of the generation of the geomagnetic field disturbance accompanying tsunami wave propagation is considered. Electric currents in the marine environment and...     

Influence of the Ionosphere on the Parameters of the GPS Navigation Signals during a Geomagnetic Substorm

Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The influence of geomagnetic activity on slips of navigation signals of the global positioning system (GPS), as well as an increase in the amplitude of jumps in the...     

Analyzing the Variation of Lyapunov Exponents of the Time Derivatives of the Horizontal Geomagnetic Field during the Geomagnetic Storm

Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The geomagnetic disturbance associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) of September 8, 2017 was evaluated using the time derivatives of the horizontal geomagnetic...     

利用IMAGE卫星观测数据重建地球等离子体层的磁赤道面分布

美国利用IMAGE卫星的极紫外辐射（EUV）探测器对地球等离子体层进行了连续5年的遥感成像观测。由于IMAGE卫星数据是沿观测路径上的积分投影数据,并且存在地球“遮挡”、“阴影”、“数据缺失”等问题,无法直接利用传统的CT方法对等离子体层进行三维重建。本文利用地球磁场模型,基于地球等离子体层的物理性质,建立一个联系地球磁赤道面密度与投影数据的EUV成像模型,实现了从单个角度的EUV观测图像进行地球等离子层三维重构的方法。     

地磁加卸载响应比方法最佳阈值研究

地磁加卸载响应比方法(LURR)是从测震学中移植过来的、用于地震中期分析预测的一种地磁学方法。笔者应用红山地震台地磁数字化观测数据进行了地磁加卸载响应比的计算分析,经过统计得出在阈值选择为3.0时对地震进行预测的效果比较好,其与地震的对应概率为42%。同时,笔者还认为可能受限于方法本身及外界因素,地磁加卸载响应比方法在进行地震预测时,其虚报率及漏报率较高。     

地磁低点位移以磁暴倍九法作为补充预测的讨论

短临地震预测方法中,中国地震科学家提出了地磁低点位移法与磁暴倍九法。这两种方法经过了几十年时间的验证,但其对地震进行准确的预测还是较为困难的,鉴于此,建议以低点位移作为第一预测方案的主方案,而以磁暴倍九法作为补充的第二预测方案,以这两方法相配合来预测强地震发生的时间。以此为思路,以期今后能有更多资料与数据来提高此方法在短临预测方面的准确性。     

The Occurrence of Sporadic-E Layer over Equatorial Anomaly Crest Region Bhopal

Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - Ionospheric anomaly crest regions are most challenging for scientific community to understand its mechanism and investigation, for this purpose we are investigating some...     

Evolution of High-Latitude Geomagnetic Disturbances during the Magnetic Storm of July 22, 2009

Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The behavior of geomagnetic disturbances during a moderate CIR storm, the most intense magnetic storm of  2009 in the solar activity minimum are considered. It is...     

Response of a Magnetospheric Storm in the Atmospheric Electric Field of the Midlatitudes

Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The response of strong magnetic storms in variations of the electric field of the near-ground atmosphere of the midlatitudes are studied according to data from long-term...     

地磁加卸载响应比在广东省地震预测中的应用

选取广东省数字化地磁观测以来的地磁资料和一定震中距的显著地震事件,计算地震前1~2年的地磁垂直分量加卸载响应比,结果显示,显著地震前1个月至1年不等,地磁加卸载响应比值有明显超经验阈值2.8的现象。     

Response of the topside ionosphere over Arecibo to a moderate geomagnetic storm

We analyze the data obtained using the Arecibo incoherent scatter radar to examine the response of the topside ionosphere to a moderate geomagnetic storm that occurred during the period March 7–11, 2008. During this time period a magnetic storm with a non-monotonic main phase decrease in the Dst index occurred. The recovery phase also exhibited a secondary Dst decrease. During the initial phase of the storm, Te and Ti increased coincident with the arrival of the solar wind. The main phase registered an increase in proton concentration proportional to Ne while temperatures reached the lowest values. Variations in O⁺ concentration were not significant but a reduction in helium fraction was observed. Soon after the peak of the storm, the transition height between the topside ionosphere and the protonosphere, where H⁺ ions dominate composition, was lower than would be expected during quiet conditions and this behavior lasted for approximately 12 h.     

非线性方法在地磁学科研究中的应用

非线性理论的一些主要方法：分形分维、人工神经网络、小波分析等。在地磁学科研究中得到较广泛的应用。本文是对“非线性方法在地球物理研究中的应用综述和展望”一文的补充,本文主要综述了国内外地磁学（包括空间物理）学者应用非线性方法的情况,提出了一些本人认为应该注意的问题。     

减小直流输电对地磁观测影响的几种办法

随着经济建设的飞速发展,地震监测环境的保护越来越困难。各种干扰因素不断出现,有些干扰影响范围较小,可以设法避开;有些干扰影响范围较大,几乎无法躲避。直流输电对地磁观测产生的干扰其影响范围特别广,幅度特别大。我国于1989年建成了葛洲坝至上海南桥的±500KV~200A高压直流输电工程。2002年12月份从三峡至武进政平的±500KV~3000A直流输电工程也开始进入测试阶段,并于2003年7月开始正式运行。随着“西电东送”战略的确定,以后会有更多条超高压直流输电线路将建成(龚大卫等,2000;陈红军等,2001;吴元熙等,2000)。其中三峡至武进政平的…     

Local Anomalies of the Load-Unload Response of the Geomagnetic Field to Solar Wind and Earthquakes in Southwest China

Many earthquakes occurred during the period 1994 -1996 in Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces, Southwest China. Taking the process of the initial main phase recovery phase of the magnetic storm as the process of load-unload response of the geomagnetic field to the solar wind, we have estimated and analyzed the distribution in time and space of the load-unload response ratio P(z) of the storm time disturbance daily variation of the vertical component Z of the geomagnetic field at ten stations in Southwest China. We found that the area with high ratio P(z) was just the area where moderately strong earthquakes would occur from 44 days to 15 months later. The relationship between the high ratio P(z) and weather disasters in both seismic and non-seismic areas is discussed briefly.     

The Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Pc3 Geomagnetic Activity over Canada in 2000, as a Guide to Planning the Times of Aeromagnetic Surveys

Geomagnetic activity affects aeromagnetic surveys. Geomagnetic variations are quite complex and can be quantified in different ways. A measure of geomagnetic activity that is useful for planning aeromagnetic surveys is the Pc3 pulsation index developed by the Australian Space Weather Agency. Purposeful to developing guidelines for planning aeromagnetic surveys in Canada, we study the variations in Pc3 index amplitude over Canada in 2000. This study shows distinct patterns associated with the sub-auroral zone, the auroral zone, and the polar cap. Average Pc3 index activity is higher during the months of February, July, September, and November in the auroral and sub-auroral zones. The station in the polar cap exhibits maximum activity near midday during the summer months. Detailed analysis of a magnetic storm shows that Pc3 index amplitude during the beginning of the solar storm is least important at the polar cap. The mean Pc3 index also relates to solar wind parameters such as the solar wind velocity and the vertical polarity of the interplanetary magnetic field. Analysis of the morning maximum of the Pc3 index observed in the auroral zone can be used to develop guidelines for planning aeromagnetic surveys in Canada and other areas of the world affected by auroral zones.