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在数字环境下进行等高线综合是制图综合领域中的热点问题.将3维Douglas-Peucker算法应用于等高线综合,是从真3维的角度提取等高线上的特征点.首先根据等高线上高程点的空间分布特征.提出采用空间线规则排序方法组织空间点;引入了全局孤独指数解决综合过程中等高线之间的空间跳跃问题;然后通过空间内插引绘综合后DEM的等高线,从而实现等高线的自动综合.初步实验表明,采用3维Douglas-Peucker算法的等高线综合,从全局上保持了主要地貌形态并抑制了破碎的微地貌特征,具有良好的综合质量和制图效果. 相似文献
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复杂等高线自动综合是计算机辅助制图领域中一项重要且难度较大的任务。本文根据分形理论的基本原理,提出了一种基于量化等高线形状结构特征的复杂等高线自动综合的新方法。研究和实验表明,该方法充分顾及了地貌形态特征,能够对等高线图形进行客观、有效地概括。 相似文献
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作为地形可视化研究的源数据字等高线,存在着晕渲和渲染的问题。现有的等高线地形数据的模型化方法是将转化为矩菜网格或三角网结构,这两种方法都有模型重建时丢失细节,可视化质量差和庞大的计算量的缺点。本文介绍了一个选择性的,可带来好效果的高程模型的构建方法,这个模型基于穿越等高线模型的紧密压缩的纵剖面的计算,狭窄的纵剖面间隔穿的计算,对纵截面的大致光滑和钝化来提供用于阴影化和透视化的平面,这种方法已经在一 相似文献
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根据地性线绘制等高线的研究 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
根据地形特征点和地性线绘制等高线是测绘大比例尺地形图等高线的主要方法,本文在分析现有自动绘制等高线方法的基础上,提出了一种根据地性线及其拓扑关系直接求取和跟踪等高线的方法。针对利用各种传统曲线光滑算法所绘相邻等高线间常常出现不协调现象的缺点,首次提出并详细讨论了相邻等高线通过点间的抛物线双向加权平均光滑算法。大量实践表明,利用本文所提出的跟踪和光滑方法所绘等高线的光滑性和协调性是令人满意的。 相似文献
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根据地性绘制等高线的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
根据地形特征点和地性线绘制等高线是测绘大比例尺地形图等高线的主要方法,本文在分析现有自动绘制等高线方法的基础上,提出了一种根据地性线是其拓扑关系直接求取和跟踪等高线的方法。针对利用各种传统曲线光滑算法所绘高邻等高线间常常出现不协调现象的缺点,首次提出并详细讨论了相邻等高线通过点间的抛物线双向加权平均光滑算法。大量实践表明,利用本文所提出的跟踪和光滑方法所绘等高线的光滑性和协调性是令人满意的。 相似文献
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《测量评论》2013,45(20):350-354
AbstractMost text-books on surveying limit their discussion of the correction of vertical angles for curvature of the earth and atmospheric refraction to the correction of angles taken with a theodolite during triangulation and omit any reference to those taken with a clinometer. This is rather illogical, as in well-observed triangulation, with all vertical angles measured in both directions, no correction for these effects is necessary, whilst in plane-tabling on small scales where sketching at considerable distances is frequently employed the application of corrections for these effects is essential. 相似文献
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顾及特殊地物的等高线自动生成浅析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
以自定义实体作为等高线自动生成的载体,构造了以AcDbEntity为基类的CContour实体.通过该实体自动生成所需要的等高线。在讲述了等高线自动生成的一般过程后,强调在构造Delaunay三角网时,应考虑到地性线和特殊地物对Delaunay三角网构造的影响,利用它们对构造好的Delaunay三角网进行修正,从而构造出准确的Delaunay三角网。这对等高线生成设计有参考意义。 相似文献
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Bernhard Jenny Daniel M. Stephen Ian Muehlenhaus Brooke E. Marston Ritesh Sharma Eugene Zhang 《制图学和地理信息科学》2018,45(1):62-75
Origin-destination flow maps are often difficult to read due to overlapping flows. Cartographers have developed design principles in manual cartography for origin-destination flow maps to reduce overlaps and increase readability. These design principles are identified and documented using a quantitative content analysis of 97 geographic origin-destination flow maps without branching or merging flows. The effectiveness of selected design principles is verified in a user study with 215 participants. Findings show that (a) curved flows are more effective than straight flows, (b) arrows indicate direction more effectively than tapered line widths, and (c) flows between nodes are more effective than flows between areas. These findings, combined with results from user studies in graph drawing, conclude that effective and efficient origin-destination flow maps should be designed according to the following design principles: overlaps between flows are minimized; symmetric flows are preferred to asymmetric flows; longer flows are curved more than shorter or peripheral flows; acute angles between crossing flows are avoided; sharp bends in flow lines are avoided; flows do not pass under unconnected nodes; flows are radially distributed around nodes; flow direction is indicated with arrowheads; and flow width is scaled with represented quantity. 相似文献
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针对现有接边方法依赖于直线型接边线,难以有效的支持非直线型接边线的数据接边质量检验的问题,提出了一种新的基于距离与角度控制的矢量面数据接边检查方法。该方法利用矢量面到接边线的距离值与弧段转角角度值作为参考量检测接边特征点,通过匹配接边特征点的方式检测接边错误位置,不依赖于接边线的具体形态,能够适用于任意类型接边线的矢量面数据接边检查。以第一次全国地理国情普查数据接边检验为实例进行验证,结果表明,该方法的漏检率为0%,准确率达到95%以上,有效地提升了接边线非直线的矢量面数据接边质量检验的准确性及效率。 相似文献
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传统条件下处理注记与同色符号压盖关系的方法,通常会存在增加数据量、破坏被压盖符号的数据完整性以及操作不灵活等问题。针对这种现象,提出基于GDI+裁剪技术处理注记与同色符号压盖关系的方法。通过计算获取到注记压盖范围内同色符号占据的绘图区域,当绘制被压盖同色符号时,利用GDI+裁剪特性来限制该符号在上述区域内的图形绘制,从而达到"裁剪"注记压盖区域内同色符号的目的。文中方法的整个处理过程完全不需要人工干预就能自动完成,且能够突破过去流水线式的生产作业模式,随机选择不同阶段的编辑内容进行处理,在很大程度上提高了注记与同色符号压盖关系处理的质量和效率。 相似文献
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K. Ramsayer 《Journal of Geodesy》1969,43(2):123-137
For the determination of spatial coordinates of the points of a net-work a local Cartesian coordinate system is introduced,
whoze z-axis coincides with the true vertical of an arbitrarily selected central point in the net-work, and whose x-axis is
oriented to astronomical north. The observed horizontal directions and vertical angles, which refer to the local verticals
of the observation stations, are reduced to parallels to the z-axis and the x-axis. For this purpose the direction of the
local vertical in the observation stations and at least the astronomical azimuth of one side of the net-work need to be measured.
This method has the advantage, that the number of unknowns for one observation station is reduced from six for the conventional
method to four, and that, if the vertical angle and the astronomical azimuth of a line are measured from both sides, a simple
control of the measured values is possible before the adjustment.
The formulae for the reduction of the measured quantities and the observation equations for the adjustment of reduced azimuths,
reduced vertical angles and of distances are derived. The method is checked in a quadrilateral in the Swiss Alps and compared
with the conventional ellipsoidal adjustment. 相似文献
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绘制机场净空限制面及障碍物位置图,是了解掌握净空限制面和障碍物关系的专用图。文中阐述了应用三维导线测量作为基本控制,以三维前方交会测量障碍物点的平面和高程的方法,为绘制机场净空限制面和障碍物关系专用图提供可靠依据。 相似文献
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推导出方向后交点住精度的显函数公式;用解析法导出对称交会时最佳交会角和最佳点精度;用无约束最优化共轭梯度法,求出一般情况下方向后交最佳交会角和点位精度;求出同一三角形三个内角分别作顶角进行后交定位的最佳点位,得出三角形内只有一个最佳点位的结论,给出一种选择近似最佳点位的方法. 相似文献
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